RESUMO
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Appropriate nutritional support may improve energy metabolism in alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC) patients. We explored the effect of a late evening snack (LES) and oral amino acid (OAA) capsules on energy metabolism and the Fischer ratio in ALC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Ninety-one ALC patients were enrolled and randomly divided into three groups: 31 patients in the LES and OAA group, 32 in the LES group, and 28 controls. Respiratory quotient (RQ), carbohydrate oxidation rate (CHO%), fat oxidation rate (FAT%), serum isoleucine and the Fischer ratio were measured at baseline and at months 1, 3, and 6 of follow-up. RESULTS: The RQ in the LES and OAA group was 0.79 ± 0.06, 0.80 ± 0.04, 0.82 ± 0.04, and 0.82 ± 0.04 at baseline and at months 1, 3, and 6 of follow-up, respectively. These values were significantly higher than those in the LES group (P < 0.05). The RQ in the LES group was significantly higher than that in the control group at month 1 and month 6 (P < 0.05). CHO% in the LES and OAA group was significantly increased and FAT% was significantly decreased at month 3 of follow-up (P < 0.05). In the LES and OAA group, serum isoleucine and the Fischer ratio were markedly increased compared with the LES group and control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: LES can significantly increase the RQ in ALC. LES and OAA were more effective than LES alone in improving serum isoleucine and the Fischer ratio.
Assuntos
Aminoácidos , Cirrose Hepática Alcoólica , Humanos , Cirrose Hepática/metabolismo , Lanches , Cápsulas , IsoleucinaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α is critically involved in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. Its inhibitor genistein attenuated D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced liver damage. However, the role of genistein in acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is unclear. The influence of genistein on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hepatocyte functions were evaluated in a rat model of ACLF. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Genistein [20mg/ (kg. day)]/coenzyme Q10 [10mg/ (kg. day)]/lipoic acid [20mg/ (kg. day)] was administered via the intra-gastric route daily for 6 weeks as co-treatment to the rats in the experimental groups. Then, 100µg/kg LPS combined with 0.5g/kg D-GalN was injected intraperitoneally to attack the rats. RESULTS: Genistein significantly attenuated LPS/D-GalN-induced ACLF, characterized by ameliorated gross appearance and microscopic histopathology of liver, reduced AST level in serum, whereas increased levels of ATP, ADP/O, and respiratory control ratio (RCR) in mitochondria. Genistein suppressed necrosis and ROS production. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that genistein could protect against ACLF through inhibiting cellular ROS production and necrosis, improving RCR, and decreasing permeability transition pores in mitochondrial, which was similar as mitochondrial protective agent coenzyme Q10.
Assuntos
Insuficiência Hepática Crônica Agudizada/tratamento farmacológico , Genisteína/farmacologia , Subunidade alfa do Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia/antagonistas & inibidores , Insuficiência Hepática Crônica Agudizada/metabolismo , Insuficiência Hepática Crônica Agudizada/patologia , Animais , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Subunidade alfa do Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia/metabolismo , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/patologia , Masculino , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismoRESUMO
PURPOSE: Non-invasive methods of molecular profiling for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are useful for monitoring disease progression. The aim of the current study was to ascertain if transrenal DNA is sensitive for clinical correlation and EGFR detection in NSCLC patients. METHODS: 160 patients at various stages of the disease participated and samples were collected prospectively at 2-month intervals. A baseline sample was taken before treatment commencement. To ascertain the sensitivity of transrenal DNA, we compared its results with plasma DNA. ddPCR was used to profile the urine and blood samples for key EGFR mutations. RESULTS: Using tumor tissues as references, our study showed good concordance in EGFR mutations with transrenal DNA before treatment. Results were highly matching in late-stage NSCLC patients, with stage III/IV patients yielding an agreement of more than 90%. The assay was also sensitive to detect early-stage patients after surgical procedures. Profiles were highly concordant with results derived from plasma DNA, demonstrating the specificity of transrenal DNA assays. Serial monitoring of these patients showed stable molecular signatures and correlated to different treatments. Survival analysis showed good prognostic utility for late-stage patients with high transrenal DNA variations and patients that acquired T790M mutation. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrated the feasibility of using transrenal DNA in mutation profiling for different stages of NSCLC patients. It highlights the importance of continual monitoring and has potential clinical utility in the clinical management of NSCLC.