RESUMO
Depression and anxiety, the most important psychological disorders in cancer patients, have now been considered as psychoneuroimmunological disorders, in which peripheral immune activation, through the release of proinflammatory cytokines, is implicated in the variety of behavioral, neuroendocrine and neurochemical alterations associated with these disorders. Along with the tumor itself, cancer treatment can also contribute to exacerbate the production of proinflammatory cytokines. This study aimed to investigate whether proinflammatory cytokine levels are related to depression and anxiety in CRC patients in different stages of the antitumor therapy We evaluated 60 patients in three stages of antitumor therapy (Pre-chemotherapy, Under-chemotherapy and Post-chemotherapy, n=20 in each group) and 20 healthy volunteers by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Serum levels of cytokines were measured by CBA. Depression and/or anxiety were found at clinically relevant levels in CRC patients during all antitumor therapy. Patients in pre-chemotherapy group exhibited the highest concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the lowest levels of IL-10. In latter stages of treatment, cytokines reached levels similar to the control group. Correlation analysis between HADS score and cytokine serum levels revealed positive associations of anxiety and/or depression with IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α, and a negative correlation with IL-10, suggesting that cytokines are involved in the pathophysiology of these psychological disorders in CRC patients. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in these psychological disorders will allow the design of new therapeutic strategies to assist in alleviating such symptoms in cancer patients.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Ansiedade/sangue , Neoplasias Colorretais/sangue , Neoplasias Colorretais/psicologia , Citocinas/sangue , Depressão/sangue , Mediadores da Inflamação/sangue , Ansiedade/complicações , Neoplasias Colorretais/tratamento farmacológico , Depressão/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a public health problem with high prevalence worldwide. We evaluated levels of specific IgE, IgA, and IgG4 antibodies to the Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dpt) house dust mite and to its major allergens (Der p1 and Der p2) in serum and saliva samples from allergic and nonallergic children. A total of 86 children were analyzed, from which 72 had AR and 14 were nonallergic healthy children. Serum IgE and serum/salivary IgG4 levels to Dpt, Der p1, and Der p2 were higher in allergic children whereas serum/salivary IgA levels to all allergens were higher in nonallergic children. IgE levels positively correlated with IgG4 and IgA to all allergens in allergic children, while IgA levels negatively correlated with IgG4 to Dpt and Der p1 in nonallergic children. In conclusion, mite-specific IgA antibodies predominate in the serum and saliva of nonallergic children whereas mite-specific IgE and IgG4 are prevalent in allergic children. The presence of specific IgA appears to have a key role for the healthy immune response to mucosal allergens. Also, specific IgA measurements in serum and/or saliva may be useful for monitoring activation of tolerance-inducing mechanisms during allergen specific immunotherapeutic procedures, especially sublingual immunotherapy.
Assuntos
Proteínas Sanguíneas/metabolismo , Dessensibilização Imunológica , Imunoglobulina A/metabolismo , Imunoglobulina E/metabolismo , Imunoglobulina G/metabolismo , Rinite Alérgica Perene/imunologia , Proteínas e Peptídeos Salivares/metabolismo , Adolescente , Animais , Antígenos de Dermatophagoides/imunologia , Antígenos de Dermatophagoides/metabolismo , Proteínas de Artrópodes/imunologia , Proteínas de Artrópodes/metabolismo , Biomarcadores Farmacológicos/metabolismo , Proteínas Sanguíneas/imunologia , Criança , Cisteína Endopeptidases/imunologia , Cisteína Endopeptidases/metabolismo , Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus/imunologia , Epitopos/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Imunidade Humoral , Imunidade nas Mucosas , Imunoglobulina A/imunologia , Imunoglobulina E/imunologia , Imunoglobulina G/imunologia , Masculino , Rinite Alérgica Perene/diagnóstico , Rinite Alérgica Perene/terapia , Proteínas e Peptídeos Salivares/imunologiaRESUMO
According to hygiene hypothesis, a lower exposure to infection is associated with increased prevalence of allergic diseases. This study aimed to investigate the association between atopy and Toxoplasma gondii (Tg) infection by analyzing the antibody and cytokine responses to house dust mite allergens and T. gondii antigens in Brazilian subjects. A total of 275 individuals were assessed and divided into atopics (n=129) and non-atopics (n=146) based on markers of allergy (positive skin prick test and ELISA-IgE to mite allergens) or Tg-seropositive (n=116) and Tg-seronegative (n=159) groups according to infection markers (positive ELISA-IgG to T. gondii). Tg-seropositive individuals presented lower allergenic sensitization (37%) to mite allergens than Tg-seronegative subjects (54%). A significant association was found between atopy and negative serology to T. gondii (OR: 2.0; 95% CI: 1.23-3.26; P<0.05). Proliferative responses and cytokine production after antigenic stimulation showed predominant synthesis of Th1-cytokines as IFN-gamma in Tg-seropositive patients, whether atopics or non-atopics. Conversely, Th2-cytokines as IL-5 prevailed in atopics compared to non-atopics, regardless the seropositivity to T. gondii. Levels of IL-10, IL-13, IL-17, and TGF-beta were not able to discriminate the groups. Hence, a negative association between atopy and infection by T. gondii was demonstrated for the first time in Brazilian subjects, focusing on the antibody and cytokine responses and indicating that the immunomodulation induced by the parasite may play a protective role in the development of allergic diseases.