RESUMO
Resumen Objetivo La enfermedad de Kawasaki (EK) es una vasculitis sistémica cuya complicación más grave es la formación de lesiones coronarias, las cuales pueden llevar a infarto del miocardio y muerte súbita. El estudio ecocardiográfico es parte del seguimiento obligado de los pacientes con EK. La deformación sistólica longitudinal (DSL) medida mediante speckle tracking es una herramienta precisa para evaluar la función de la fibra miocárdica (longitudinal) del ventrículo izquierdo. No se ha establecido la utilidad en la práctica clínica de la DSL en niños con antecedente de EK. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar si la presencia de lesiones coronarias condiciona alteraciones en la DSL segmentaria y su correspondencia con el territorio coronario en donde se encuentra la lesión. Método Serie de casos. Se realizó un estudio ecocardiográfico completo y la evaluación de la DSL a niños con antecedente de EK al menos 6 meses después de la fase aguda. Resultados Se estudiaron 9 pacientes. La mediana de edad fue de 6 años (mínimo 2 y máximo 17). El 56% era de sexo masculino. El 77% presentó aneurismas coronarios. La DSL resultó alterada en el 56% de la muestra estudiada. Dentro de los pacientes que presentaron una DSL anormal, todos mostraron aneurismas coronarios y lesiones estenóticas u oclusivas demostradas mediante cateterismo de arterias coronarias, además de alteraciones de la perfusión miocárdica en estudio de Medicina Nuclear. Conclusiones En la muestra estudiada, los pacientes en quienes se encontró una DSL anormal, resultaron tener lesiones coronarias que condicionaban isquemia o infarto.
Abstract Objective Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis that affects young children. Coronary artery aneurisms, ectasia and stenosis are its main complications and may lead to ischemic heart disease or sudden death. Echocardiography evaluation it's mandatory in all patients with history of KD. Left ventricular longitudinal systolic strain (LVLSS) measured by speckle tracking it's an accurate tool to evaluate global and segmental left ventricle mechanics. Clinical utility of LVLSS in children with KD hasn't been established. The goal of this study was to analyse if the presence of coronary lesions alters segmental LVLSS and if there is a relationship with the affected coronary territory. Method Case series. A complete transthoracic echocardiography with LVLSS was performed in children with history of KD with at least 6 months after the acute phase. Results Nine patients where studied, with a median age of 6 years (minimum 2 and maximum 17). A percentage of 56 were male, and 77% had coronary aneurisms. An abnormal LVLSS was found in 56% of the population studied. All of the patients that had an abnormal LVLSS had coronary aneurisms with stenosis or complete occlusion confirmed by invasive coronary angiography and abnormal Nuclear Medicine perfusion scans. Conclusions On the population studied, all patients with an abnormal LVLSS had obstructive coronary lesions and ischemic heart disease.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/etiologia , Ventrículos do Coração/patologia , Síndrome de Linfonodos Mucocutâneos/complicações , Síndrome de Linfonodos Mucocutâneos/patologia , Sístole , Ecocardiografia , Estudos TransversaisRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis that affects young children. Coronary artery aneurisms, ectasia and stenosis are its main complications and may lead to ischemic heart disease or sudden death. Echocardiography evaluation it's mandatory in all patients with history of KD. Left ventricular longitudinal systolic strain (LVLSS) measured by speckle tracking it's an accurate tool to evaluate global and segmental left ventricle mechanics. Clinical utility of LVLSS in children with KD hasn't been established. The goal of this study was to analyse if the presence of coronary lesions alters segmental LVLSS and if there is a relationship with the affected coronary territory. METHOD: Case series. A complete transthoracic echocardiography with LVLSS was performed in children with history of KD with at least 6 months after the acute phase. RESULTS: Nine patients where studied, with a median age of 6 years (minimum 2 and maximum 17). A percentage of 56 were male, and 77% had coronary aneurisms. An abnormal LVLSS was found in 56% of the population studied. All of the patients that had an abnormal LVLSS had coronary aneurisms with stenosis or complete occlusion confirmed by invasive coronary angiography and abnormal Nuclear Medicine perfusion scans. CONCLUSIONS: On the population studied, all patients with an abnormal LVLSS had obstructive coronary lesions and ischemic heart disease.
Assuntos
Doença da Artéria Coronariana/etiologia , Ventrículos do Coração/patologia , Síndrome de Linfonodos Mucocutâneos/complicações , Síndrome de Linfonodos Mucocutâneos/patologia , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Ecocardiografia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , SístoleRESUMO
Presentamos el caso de una paciente con una malformación cardiaca que representa una forma de transición anatomoembriológica del defecto de la tabicación atrioventricular entre la forma de 2 válvulas y la que tiene una válvula común. Esta entidad además se asoció con ausencia de pericardio. A través de los diferentes estudios se ha establecido con precisión la secuencia diagnóstica, determinando cuál fue la aportación de cada método y aclarando además la nomenclatura del defecto de la tabicación atrioventricular.
We present a case of a patient with a cardiac malformation that represents a form of embryo-anatomical transition of an atrioventricular septal defect between a 2 valves form to a common valve form. This entity was associated with pericardium absence. Throughout several studies we have precisely established a diagnostic sequence by determining the adequate contribution of each method and we have been able to clear out the proper nomenclature of the atrioventricular cushion defect.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Feminino , Humanos , Anormalidades Múltiplas , Defeitos dos Septos Cardíacos , Valvas Cardíacas/anormalidades , Valvas Cardíacas , Pericárdio/anormalidades , Pericárdio , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
We present a case of a patient with a cardiac malformation that represents a form of embryo-anatomical transition of an atrioventricular septal defect between a 2 valves form to a common valve form. This entity was associated with pericardium absence. Throughout several studies we have precisely established a diagnostic sequence by determining the adequate contribution of each method and we have been able to clear out the proper nomenclature of the atrioventricular cushion defect.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Múltiplas/diagnóstico por imagem , Defeitos dos Septos Cardíacos/diagnóstico por imagem , Valvas Cardíacas/anormalidades , Valvas Cardíacas/diagnóstico por imagem , Pericárdio/anormalidades , Pericárdio/diagnóstico por imagem , Adolescente , Feminino , Humanos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Pediatric Cardiology is a medical subspecialty that emerged in a systematic manner during the beginning of the 20th century. Throughout time, with the use of several methods we have been able to establish a series of diagnosis, offer surgical treatments and currently we evaluate and analyze the results of such proceedings. In the cardiac rehabilitation programs, children and adolescents are taught to identify the safety limits of their hearts, being able to relate them to their daily effort activities, providing them with a better quality of life and where they learn to live with the limitations that their illness implies.
Assuntos
Cardiopatias Congênitas/reabilitação , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Anticoncepção , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Atividade Motora , EsportesRESUMO
La cardiología pediátrica es una subespecialidad que surgió de manera sistemática, al inicio del siglo XX. A lo largo del tiempo y a través de diversos métodos se han establecido diagnósticos, se ha ofrecido tratamiento farmacológico, intervencionista y quirúrgico y actualmente, se evalúan y analizan los resultados de dichos procedimientos. A través de los programas de rehabilitación cardiaca, se le enseña a conocer los límites seguros de su corazón en actividades de la vida diaria, brindando a los pequeños una mejor calidad de vida donde aprenderán a vivir con las limitaciones que la enfermedad trae consigo.
Pediatric Cardiology is a medical subspecialty that emerged in a systematic manner during the beginning of the 20th century. Throughout time, with the use of several methods we have been able to establish a series of diagnosis, offer surgical treatments and currently we evaluate and analyze the results of such proceedings. In the cardiac rehabilitation programs, children and adolescents are taught to identify the safety limits of their hearts, being able to relate them to their daily effort activities, providing them with a better quality of life and where they learn to live with the limitations that their illness implies.