RESUMO
Electrical burn injuries are one of the most severe forms of trauma. This study aims to investigate the infection complications in electrical burn patients in a referral hospital in Mexico City. A longitudinal retrospective study was conducted, involving electrical burn patients admitted from April 2011 to December 2016. Demographic and clinical data including type of electric burns, infection complications, and mortality was sought. Data were collected at admission and daily until discharge. Number and type of infections and microorganism isolations were sought. Risk factors for death were analyzed. A total of 111 patients were included, of which 96.4% were males, mean age of 31.6±16.22, most injuries were high voltage associated. The total body surface area average was 27.8% ± 19.63. The overall infection rate was 72.9 cases per 100 patients. Mortality was observed in 4 (3.6%) patients. About 59.1% (443/749) had growth for Gram-negative bacteria. Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most frequent microorganism isolated. Fungi were present in 4.9% of cases. Electrical burn injuries occurred in young males in our study. Infection was frequent, most of them caused by Gram-negative rods with an important rate of antimicrobial resistance; however, an important microbial diversity was present.
Assuntos
Queimaduras por Corrente Elétrica/cirurgia , Infecção dos Ferimentos/microbiologia , Adulto , Amputação Cirúrgica/estatística & dados numéricos , Anti-Infecciosos/uso terapêutico , Queimaduras por Corrente Elétrica/epidemiologia , Queimaduras por Corrente Elétrica/mortalidade , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/epidemiologia , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/microbiologia , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/mortalidade , Comorbidade , Feminino , Humanos , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Pneumonia/tratamento farmacológico , Pneumonia/epidemiologia , Pneumonia/microbiologia , Pneumonia/mortalidade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Infecções Urinárias/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Urinárias/epidemiologia , Infecções Urinárias/microbiologia , Infecções Urinárias/mortalidade , Infecção dos Ferimentos/tratamento farmacológico , Infecção dos Ferimentos/epidemiologia , Infecção dos Ferimentos/mortalidadeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Hip and knee prosthetic replacements have proven to be the most appropriate treatment in the joints that do not benefit from medical or arthroscopic interventions; however, infections are the most feared complication. It is recommended that the incidence of infection should not exceed 2%. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was an observational, prospective, longitudinal and observational study conducted in patients fitted with a prosthetic joint from August 2011 to July 2012. Patients were followed up pre and post-surgery for one year to identify a prosthetic infection, diagnosed using international parameters. We calculated the incidence of prosthetic infection, as well as the incidence density. RESULTS: A total of 339 patients (179 hip and 160 knee) were included. Variations in the time of pre-operative antibiotics' administration were observed. Six prosthetic infections were identified with an incidence rate of 1.79/339 arthroplasties, 2.2/179 hip procedures, and 1.25/160 knee arthroplasties. An incidence density of 0.02/year for hip arthroplasties and 0.11/year for knee procedures was identified. There were 4 infections of hip and 2 of knee. Five infections were acute and one chronic. The isolated microorganisms were E. faecalis, S. epidermidis (2), S. mitis, S. aureus and P. stomatis. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of prosthetic joint infection in the first year of follow-up at our centre is within the recommended parameters. Surgical techniques and organizational practices influence the results.