RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Continuing education is essential for health professions and online courses can be a good way for professional development. AIM: To describe the experience with online courses for continuing education in hepatology and gastroenterology and to analyze their educational impact. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A three years' experience in courses on liver diseases and digestive tract is described. Their curricular design, methodology, and the educational impact was analyzed using the four levels of the Kirkpatrick's model. RESULTS: On average, there were 321 students per course (2015-2017). 94% were Chilean and 6% from abroad (20 countries). In the educational impact analysis, in level 1 "reaction": 93% said that the course fulfilled their expectations and 92% would recommend it. In level 2 "learning": 42% approved the courses. Level 3 "behavior" was not evaluated and level 4 "organizational change" highlighted that the traditional face-to-face continuing education model of Chilean Gastroenterology Society (SChG) changed to full distance model in these three courses, with 1284 students from South America, Asia and Europe, in a 3-years-period. Additionally, these programs were included in the Medical Society of Santiago (SMS) continuing education agenda. CONCLUSIONS: The alliance between the SMS and the SChG generated on line courses that meet the educational needs of physicians and medical students, with excellent results and student perception.
Assuntos
Educação a Distância/métodos , Educação Médica Continuada/métodos , Gastroenterologia/educação , Chile , Avaliação Educacional , Feminino , Geografia , Humanos , Masculino , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sociedades Médicas , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Background: Continuing education is essential for health professions and online courses can be a good way for professional development. Aim: To describe the experience with online courses for continuing education in hepatology and gastroenterology and to analyze their educational impact. Material and Methods: A three years' experience in courses on liver diseases and digestive tract is described. Their curricular design, methodology, and the educational impact was analyzed using the four levels of the Kirkpatrick's model. Results: On average, there were 321 students per course (2015-2017). 94% were Chilean and 6% from abroad (20 countries). In the educational impact analysis, in level 1 "reaction": 93% said that the course fulfilled their expectations and 92% would recommend it. In level 2 "learning": 42% approved the courses. Level 3 "behavior" was not evaluated and level 4 "organizational change" highlighted that the traditional face-to-face continuing education model of Chilean Gastroenterology Society (SChG) changed to full distance model in these three courses, with 1284 students from South America, Asia and Europe, in a 3-years-period. Additionally, these programs were included in the Medical Society of Santiago (SMS) continuing education agenda. Conclusions: The alliance between the SMS and the SChG generated on line courses that meet the educational needs of physicians and medical students, with excellent results and student perception.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Educação a Distância/métodos , Educação Médica Continuada/métodos , Gastroenterologia/educação , Sociedades Médicas , Fatores de Tempo , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Chile , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Avaliação Educacional , GeografiaRESUMO
Ecthyma gangrenosum is an uncommon necrotizing vasculitis, in most cases secondary to sepsis by Pseudo-mona aeruginosa in immunocompromised patients. However, there have been several reports of ecthyma gangre-nosum caused by other infectious etiologies. We report an unusual case of ecthyma gangrenosum associated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in a patient without the classic immunological risk factors described in the literature.
Assuntos
Ectima/microbiologia , Ectima/patologia , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/isolamento & purificação , Infecções Estafilocócicas/patologia , Idoso , Biópsia , Ectima/tratamento farmacológico , Epiderme/microbiologia , Epiderme/patologia , Feminino , Gangrena , Humanos , Imunocompetência , Fatores de Risco , Infecções Estafilocócicas/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
El ectima gangrenoso es una vasculitis necrosante poco frecuente, en la mayoría de los casos secundaria a sepsis por Pseudomonas aeruginosa en pacientes inmunocomprometidos. Sin embargo, existen reportes de ectima gangrenoso secundarios a otras etiologías infecciosas. Presentamos un caso de ectima gangrenoso asociado a una infección por Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina en una paciente sin los factores de riesgo clásicos de inmunosupresión que se describen en la literatura médica.
Ecthyma gangrenosum is an uncommon necrotizing vasculitis, in most cases secondary to sepsis by Pseudo-mona aeruginosa in immunocompromised patients. However, there have been several reports of ecthyma gangre-nosum caused by other infectious etiologies. We report an unusual case of ecthyma gangrenosum associated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in a patient without the classic immunological risk factors described in the literature.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Infecções Estafilocócicas/patologia , Ectima/microbiologia , Ectima/patologia , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/isolamento & purificação , Infecções Estafilocócicas/tratamento farmacológico , Biópsia , Fatores de Risco , Ectima/tratamento farmacológico , Epiderme/microbiologia , Epiderme/patologia , Gangrena , ImunocompetênciaRESUMO
HIV infection is a worldwide epidemic. Antiretroviral therapy has dramatically changed the outcome of the disease but there is still controversy about the best time to initiate it, especially in patients with CD4 counts over 350 cells/µL. Searching in Epistemonikos database, which is maintained by screening 30 databases, we identified two systematic reviews including four pertinent randomized controlled trials overall. We concluded early initiation of antiretroviral therapy probably reduces mortality, risk of opportunistic infections and tuberculosis, but increases the risk of important adverse effects.
La infección por VIH es una epidemia a nivel mundial. El uso de terapia antirretroviral ha cambiado el pronóstico de estos pacientes, sin embargo existe controversia sobre el mejor momento para iniciarla, especialmente en pacientes con recuentos de CD4 mayores o iguales a 350 células/mm3. Utilizando la base de datos Epistemonikos, la cual es mantenida mediante búsquedas en 30 bases de datos, identificamos dos revisiones sistemáticas que en conjunto incluyen cuatro estudios aleatorizados. Realizamos un metanálisis y tablas de resumen de los resultados utilizando el método GRADE. Concluimos que el uso temprano de terapia antirretroviral probablemente disminuye la mortalidad, el riesgo de enfermedades oportunistas y de tuberculosis, aunque aumenta el riesgo de efectos adversos importantes.