RESUMO

This study aims to compare the mastery of competencies in assisting the LGBT+ population of Brazilian health professionals. Data collection occurred in a face-to-face and virtual manner, in the first semester of 2018. The health professionals answered a socio-demographic and functional questionnaire, in addition to the questionnaire Measurement of Training Needs for Health Care for the LGBT+ Public. The data was analyzed using Mann-Whitney and Chi-square tests. The project research was submitted to and approved by the IMED Research Ethics Committee (CAAE 69116917.6.0000.5319). The sample (n= 380) was made up mostly of psychologists (42.3%), female (81%), heterosexual (73.2%), aged between 26 and 35 years (36%), Catholic (41%), living in the south region (36.9%), and working in the profession for ten years or more (34.3%). Skills gaps on the LGBT+ theme was identified, especially in topics such as "approach to the patient's sexuality," "interference of religious beliefs in care," "care with the genitalia and breast of the trans individual," among others. Professionals trained in psychology and non-heterosexuals had a greater mastery of the theme than the others. The fragmentation of knowledge and skills hinders the full and equal access to the health system, and continued educational actions are recommended.

Assuntos

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Nursing professionals are on the front line of health systems in Brazil as well as worldwide. Studies on the work ability of nursing professionals are especially relevant as care demands increase and health care workforce shortages are expected. As the population of Brazil ages, the need for nursing care will increase. OBJECTIVE: To identify levels and predictors of work ability among Brazilian nursing professionals. METHODS: A cross-sectional study with 267 nursing professionals (72 nurses and 195 nursing technicians and nursing auxiliary) from public emergency and urgent care units was conducted. Measures included the following: Work Ability Index; Questionnaire of Socio-demographics, Lifestyle and Work and Health Aspects; and Violence at Work questionnaire. Generalized linear regression and Poisson models were used for data analysis. RESULTS: The mean work ability was 40.4 (range: 22 to 49). Almost 79.6% (n = 211) of participants reported good or excellent work ability, and 20.4% (n = 54) reported moderate or poor work ability. Better perceptions of health and job satisfaction, absence of health issues (past 15 days), lower stress levels, and having a partner were associated with better work ability. Victims of workplace violence were less likely to have good or excellent work ability than non-victims (prevalence ratio = 0.80; 95% CI 0.72 to 0.90). Professionals with cumulative experiences of workplace violence were less likely to report better work ability. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of good or excellent work ability was 79.6%. Our findings indicate that the following factors are predictors of work ability: self-reported perception of health, health issues in the last 15 days, workplace violence, job satisfaction, stress, and marital status.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Introduction: Factors associated with the mining environment can contribute to work accidents and reduced caution at work, which may affect the quality of life and work capacity of miners. Objectives: To evaluate if fatigue influences quality of life and work capacity in miners with silicosis. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Northern Region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Sociodemographic data and data on fatigue, work capacity, and quality of life were collected during the second half of 2017 and first half of 2018. Results: All participants were men. Mean participant age was 52.6 (± 7.2) years, and most (70.4%) of them did not finish elementary school. The strongest correlations were found between the physical, overall, and total fatigue domains and the World Health Organization Quality of Life - BREF and between the total and mental fatigue domains and the Work Ability Index. Strong correlations were also found between overall and total fatigue and the total St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire score. Conclusions: Silicosis and physical workload have a negative impact on respiratory quality of life and perception of fatigue among miners.

Introdução: Fatores associados ao ambiente de mineração podem contribuir para acidentes e menor autocuidado no trabalho, podendo afetar a qualidade de vida e a capacidade para o trabalho. Objetivos: Avaliar se a fadiga influencia a qualidade de vida e a capacidade para o trabalho dos trabalhadores de mineração com silicose. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal, desenvolvido no norte do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram coletados dados so cio demográficos, de fadiga, da capacidade para o trabalho e de qualidade de vida. A coleta de dados ocorreu durante o segundo semestre de 2017 e o primeiro semestre de 2018. Resultados: Todos os participantes eram homens. A idade média dos participantes foi de 52,6 (± 7,2) anos, e a maioria (70,4%) não concluiu o ensino fundamental. Os melhores coeficientes de correlação foram alcançados entre os domínios de fadiga física, geral e total e o questionário de Qualidade de Vida da Organização Mundial da Saúde-BREF e entre os domínios totais e fadiga mental e o Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho. Correlações fortes também foram alcançadas entre a fadiga geral e total e o escore total do Questionário de Qualidade de Vida Respiratória do Hospital São Jorge. Conclusões: A silicose e a carga de trabalho física têm influência negativa na qualidade de vida respiratória e na percepção de fadiga dos trabalhadores de mineração.

RESUMO

Every human being has the right to safe, dignified and harm-free care in health institutions. High fidelity simulation has been used in teaching for the training and continuing education of health professionals to promote quality, safe and humanized patient care. Elaborating scenarios is an important phase to provide a simulation-based experience, and is relevant in the teaching-learning process. The objective of this study was to validate the content and applicability of the High Fidelity Simulation Scenario Planning and Development Form and its Operational Manual. The form could be used to development of scenarios to medicine, nursing, physiotherapy and as well as other specialties in the healthcare. This was a methodological validation study of the form and its manual content by experts in simulation and its feasibility, conducted in two phases: Phase 1: eight experts were selected using the "snowball" sampling technique to validate the content measured by the content validity index; Phase 2 (test): the form and its operational manual validated by the experts were made available to 28 participants in order to elaborate scenarios for the feasibility assessment and participation in the focus group. All items in the form and in the operational manual reached a content validity index above 0.80. The total content validity index was 0.98. The evaluation of the usability of the instruments carried out by the participants reached a percentage above 96.43% in all alternatives except for the item "It was easy to use the form to build your scenario" (75%). Eight participants were present in the focus group. Focus group discussions were categorized into completeness, practicality and usefulness according to comments and suggestions. The form and its operational manual proved to be valid instruments.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Resumo Introdução A enfermagem é uma profissão predominantemente feminina que tem como centralidade o cuidado em saúde. A literatura aponta que essa categoria profissional vivencia as situações de violências interpessoais, a violência urbana/social, os sofrimentos face às desigualdades sociais, além das precárias condições de trabalho. Objetivo Analisar as condições de trabalho e as violências vividas por profissionais de nível médio-técnicos/as em enfermagem na área hospitalar que realizam o trabalho de cuidado. Método Pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa que utilizou o referencial dos estudos do care, que considera a divisão sexual do trabalho. Foram entrevistados dois homens e sete mulheres de um hospital público da região Sudeste do Brasil. Foi utilizado um roteiro semiestruturado para a coleta dos depoimentos orais com subsídios da história oral. Resultados Havia quatro trabalhadores/as terceirizados/as e cinco servidores/as públicos/as. Em relação às condições de trabalho, foram identificados: terceirização do trabalho na área pública; diminuição do número de trabalhadores/as para o cuidado em saúde; casos de acidentes de trabalho (doenças e acidentes com materiais perfurocortantes), sofrimento e emoções dos/as profissionais diante das condições de vida da população atendida; violências urbana e social que influenciam a saúde e a subjetividade dos/as profissionais; vivências de conflitos, ameaças e agressões entre a equipe e as pessoas atendidas pelas profissionais. Conclusão É preciso aprofundamento teórico e metodológico para compreender as condições de trabalho, as violências e as emoções nas especificidades de uma profissão predominantemente feminina.

Abstract Background Nursing is a predominantly female profession that focuses on health care. The literature reports that this professional category experiences situations of interpersonal violence, urban/social violence, suffering in the face of social inequalities, in addition to precarious working conditions. Objetive To analyse the working conditions and the violence experienced by the medium level technician´s professional in nursering concerning the hospitalar area that do the care work. Method Research with qualitative approach, that utilized references of the care studies that consider the Sexual Division of Labour (SDL). Seven women and two men of the public hospital in the south region in Brazil were interviewed. A semi-structured itinerary was used for the oral testimony collections with subsidies of the oral history. Results Four workers were outsourced by the public service and five were public officer. In relation to the working conditions, it could be identified: outsourcing in the public service; decrease of the number of workers for health care; accidents at work (diseases and accidents with cutting materials); suffering and the emotions of the professionals in face of the living conditions of the population served by this public service; the urban and social violence that influences the health and the subjectivity of the professionals; and the violence and the relationships with the people served by them (conflicts, threats and aggressions). Conclusion It is necessary to intensify the theoretical and methodological characteristics in order to understand the working conditions, the violence and the emotions in the specificities of a predominantly female profession.

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) are an important source of employment in southern Brazil. Mining workers are frequently exposed to unhealthy work conditions which increase the risk of occupational diseases. In this study, we assessed the association of sociodemographic factors and the occupational history of artisanal mining workers with the risk of adverse respiratory outcomes. METHODS: The study was conducted with 258 artisanal mining workers in southern Brazil, who were exposed to dust (mainly crystalline silica) in their work. Information on sociodemographic variables and occupational histories was collected between 2017 and 2018. To estimate the worker's exposure to inhalable dust we use the Advanced REACH (Registration, Evaluation, and Authorization of Chemicals) Tool (ART). RESULTS: Study participants were all men, with an average age of 40 years. Median crude dust exposure estimated by ART was 13.2 mg/m³ and median crude crystalline silica exposure was 1.6 mg/m3 . The prevalence ratio (PR) for self-reported silicosis was 3.08 (95% confidence interval, 1.39-7.17) in workers with 20 years or more of mining work. Factors associated with silicosis were age, pack-years of tobacco use, and body mass index. Smokers were over twice as likely to report respiratory symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that a high prevalence of silicosis and other associated diseases in mining workers is associated with both unhealthy work environment conditions and the health profile of workers. This study is an important step for understanding health outcomes from work in ASM.

Assuntos

Assuntos

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate which type of diet is most effective for weight loss. METHODS: Relevant studies for this type of review were identified from March to May 2018 by several sources, in the electronic databases PubMed, CINAHL, Scielo, SCOPUS, Web of Science, BVS Portal, EMBASE and Cochrane Library. For gray literature, Open Green and Base search and hand search repositories, which is a free search for materials that address the subject were searched. RESULTS: The selected publications totaled 537, of which 104 were from the electronic databases and 433 records identified through other databases. After the removal of duplicates, 113 titles and abstracts and 37 complete texts were selected, after reading the articles in full, 14 articles were selected for inclusion in this review. Out of the 14 articles analyzed, relevant results were presented for a diet rich in fruits and vegetables; oleaginous, especially nuts; a Mediterranean diet was noted in three studies; dietary guidelines based on guides was mentioned in two studies and a high-protein diet was cited four times. CONCLUSION: The most effective diet for weight loss was the high fiber diet, although it contributes with small percentage value.

OBJETIVO: evaluar qué tipo de dieta es la más efectiva para perder peso. MÉTODOS: los estudios relevantes para este tipo de revisión fueron identificados de marzo a mayo de 2018 por varias fuentes, en las bases de datos electrónicas PubMed, CINAHL, Scielo, SCOPUS, Web of Science, BVS Portal, EMBASE y Cochrane Library en la literatura gris Open Creen y Base de búsqueda y repositorios de búsqueda manual, que es una búsqueda gratuita de materiales que tratan el tema. RESULTADOS: Las publicaciones seleccionadas totalizaron 537, de las cuales 104 eran de las bases de datos electrónicas y 433 registros identificados a través de otras bases de datos. Después de la eliminación de los artículos duplicados, se seleccionaron 113 títulos y resúmenes y 37 textos completos; después de leer los artículos completos, se seleccionaron 14 artículos para su inclusión en esta revisión. De los 14 artículos analizados se presentaron resultados relevantes para una dieta rica en frutas y verduras; oleaginoso, especialmente los frutos secos; Dieta mediterránea en tres estudios; Pautas dietéticas basadas en guías dietéticas, presentes en dos estudios y dieta hiperproteica, citadas cuatro veces. CONCLUSIÓN: la dieta más efectiva para perder peso es la dieta alta en fibra, aunque contribuye con un pequeño valor porcentual.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Analisando-se as tendências globais de crescimento populacional e o envelhecimento da população, que implica no aparecimento de doenças crônicas, além das doenças e acidentes em geral (relacionados ou não ao trabalho), observa-se crescente necessidade de implementação dos serviços de reabilitação no mundo. A reabilitação envolve três aspectos: reabilitação médica, profissional e social. Este estudo teve por objetivo identificar e apresentar a produção de conhecimento dos processos de reabilitação profissional em diversos países, bem como identificar estratégias para a reintegração ao trabalho de pessoas com restrições decorrentes de doenças ou acidentes em geral, por meio da reabilitação profissional durante os últimos 30 anos. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa em portais de pesquisa em saúde ­ Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde ­ Biblioteca Virtual em Medicina (BVS-BIREME), PubMed ­, bases de dados ­ Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, Web of Science, Sociological abstracts, Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) ­ e banco de dados (SCOPUS). No total, 1.109 publicações foram identificadas. Após avaliação metodológica, 12 foram consideradas elegíveis e incluídas. Os estudos avaliaram novas abordagens e a implementação de programas existentes, novos projetos/programas e medidas educacionais para trabalhadores em licença médica. A maioria considerou a multidisciplinaridade, a abordagem educacional complementar, a intervenção precoce e a possibilidade de ajustes no ambiente de trabalho. As publicações sobre novos projetos foram relacionadas a programas de retenção no emprego e retorno ao trabalho para trabalhadores desempregados e temporários. Há um pequeno número de estudos descrevendo programas de reabilitação ocupacional e dificuldades em avaliar sua eficácia. A produção científica ainda é discreta quando comparada à necessidade relacionada a esse tema na atualidade.

Analysis of population growth trends and aging­which is associated with occurrence of chronic diseases, in addition to (work-related or not) diseases and accidents in general­points to an increasing need to implement rehabilitation services worldwide. Rehabilitation comprises three aspects: medical, vocational and social. The aim of the present study was to describe the state of the art in vocational rehabilitation approaches in several countries, as well as vocational rehabilitation-based return-to-work strategies for individuals with restrictions due to diseases and accidents in general developed in the past 30 years. We performed an integrative review of studies located in databases Virtual Health Library-Regional Library of Medicine (VHL-BIREME), PubMed, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, Web of Science, Sociological Abstracts, Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) and SCOPUS. A total of 1,109 studies were initially retrieved, of which 12 were considered eligible on methodological assessment and included for review. The selected studies analyzed new approaches and the implementation of existing programs, new programs/projects, and educational measures for workers on sick leave. Most programs had multidisciplinary nature and included complementary educational approaches, early intervention, and possibility of workplace adjustments. The studies on new projects consisted in job retention and return-to-work programs for unemployed or temporary workers. The number of studies which describe occupational rehabilitation programs is small and evaluating their efficacy is difficult. Scientific research on this subject is still scarce vis-à-vis the current demands.

RESUMO

Analysis of population growth trends and aging-which is associated with occurrence of chronic diseases, in addition to (work-related or not) diseases and accidents in general-points to an increasing need to implement rehabilitation services worldwide. Rehabilitation comprises three aspects: medical, vocational and social. The aim of the present study was to describe the state of the art in vocational rehabilitation approaches in several countries, as well as vocational rehabilitation-based return-to-work strategies for individuals with restrictions due to diseases and accidents in general developed in the past 30 years. We performed an integrative review of studies located in databases Virtual Health Library-Regional Library of Medicine (VHL-BIREME), PubMed, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, Web of Science, Sociological Abstracts, Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) and SCOPUS. A total of 1,109 studies were initially retrieved, of which 12 were considered eligible on methodological assessment and included for review. The selected studies analyzed new approaches and the implementation of existing programs, new programs/projects, and educational measures for workers on sick leave. Most programs had multidisciplinary nature and included complementary educational approaches, early intervention, and possibility of workplace adjustments. The studies on new projects consisted in job retention and return-to-work programs for unemployed or temporary workers. The number of studies which describe occupational rehabilitation programs is small and evaluating their efficacy is difficult. Scientific research on this subject is still scarce vis-à-vis the current demands.

Analisando-se as tendências globais de crescimento populacional e o envelhecimento da população, que implica no aparecimento de doenças crônicas, além das doenças e acidentes em geral (relacionados ou não ao trabalho), observa-se crescente necessidade de implementação dos serviços de reabilitação no mundo. A reabilitação envolve três aspectos: reabilitação médica, profissional e social. Este estudo teve por objetivo identificar e apresentar a produção de conhecimento dos processos de reabilitação profissional em diversos países, bem como identificar estratégias para a reintegração ao trabalho de pessoas com restrições decorrentes de doenças ou acidentes em geral, por meio da reabilitação profissional durante os últimos 30 anos. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa em portais de pesquisa em saúde ­ Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde ­ Biblioteca Virtual em Medicina (BVS-BIREME), PubMed ­, bases de dados ­ Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, Web of Science, Sociological abstracts, Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) ­ e banco de dados (SCOPUS). No total, 1.109 publicações foram identificadas. Após avaliação metodológica, 12 foram consideradas elegíveis e incluídas. Os estudos avaliaram novas abordagens e a implementação de programas existentes, novos projetos/programas e medidas educacionais para trabalhadores em licença médica. A maioria considerou a multidisciplinaridade, a abordagem educacional complementar, a intervenção precoce e a possibilidade de ajustes no ambiente de trabalho. As publicações sobre novos projetos foram relacionadas a programas de retenção no emprego e retorno ao trabalho para trabalhadores desempregados e temporários. Há um pequeno número de estudos descrevendo programas de reabilitação ocupacional e dificuldades em avaliar sua eficácia. A produção científica ainda é discreta quando comparada à necessidade relacionada a esse tema na atualidade.