RESUMO
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis isolates from 10 nine-banded armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus) were comparable with 19 clinical isolates by sequence analysis of the PbGP43 gene and ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) and ITS2 and by random amplified polymorphic DNA. In this original ITS study, eight isolates differed by one or three sites among five total substitution sites.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Fungos/genética , DNA Intergênico/genética , Proteínas Fúngicas/genética , Glicoproteínas/genética , Paracoccidioides/genética , Animais , Humanos , Mamíferos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Paracoccidioides/classificação , Paracoccidioides/isolamento & purificação , Filogenia , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo ÚnicoRESUMO
O patologista e os serviços de verificaçäo de óbito (SV) têm papel de destaque no correto diagnóstico de morte súbita. A menor incidência no ambiente hospitalar, o caráter inesperado e os mecanismos fisiopatológicos peculiares fazem com que os conceitos a respeito de morte súbita sejam menos conhecidos pelos médicos. Diante disso, os autores fazem uma revisäo dos critérios, dos mecanismos e das repercussöes clínico-epidemiológicas do diagnóstico de morte súbita, apresentando também a casuística do serviço de Verificaçäo de óbito do Departamento de Patologia da Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) - Botucatu-SP
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Morte Súbita , Serviços Médicos de Emergência , Atestado de Óbito , Autopsia , Morte Súbita/epidemiologia , Morte Súbita/etiologia , TerminologiaRESUMO
Natural Killer (NK) cells play an important role in immune surveillance against tumors. The present work aimed to study the cytotoxic activity of NK cells and T cell subsets in peripheral blood of 13 patients with primary in central nervous system (CNS). As controls 29 healthy subjects with the age range equivalent to the patients were studied. The methods employed were: a) determination of cytotoxic activity of NK cells towards K562 target cells, evaluated by single cell-assay; b) enumeration of CD3+ lymphocytes and their CD4+ and CD8+ subsets defined by monoclonal antibodies; c) the identification of tumors were done by histologic and immunochemistry studies. The results indicated that adults and children with tumor in CNS display reduced percentage of total T cells, helper/inducer subset and low helper/suppressor ratio. The cutotoxic activity of NK cells was decreased in patients with CNS tumors due mainly to a decrease in the proportion of target-binding lymphocytes. These results suggest that cytotoxic activity of NK cells may be affected by the immunoregulatory disturbances observed in patients with primary tumors in CNS.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Adulto , Adolescente , Neoplasias do Sistema Nervoso Central/imunologia , Células Matadoras Naturais/imunologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/imunologia , Neoplasias do Sistema Nervoso Central/sangue , Citotoxicidade Imunológica , Imunidade Celular , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/químicaRESUMO
Lipomas intracranianos säo raros, geralmente sendo achado de autópsia. Situam-se na linha média, mais frequentemente de localizaçäo central. Podem ocorrer desde a infância até a vida adulta. Muitos dos "lipomas", na verdade säo associados a lesöes hamartomatosas ou, mesmo, a neoplasias como os meduloblastomas do cerebelo. Relatamos e discutimos um caso de lipoma de cerebelo, achado de autópsia de um recém-nascido prematuro.
Assuntos
Masculino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Neoplasias Cerebelares/patologia , Lipoma/patologia , Neoplasias Cerebelares/congênito , Lipoma/congênitoRESUMO
We comparaed the granuloma morphology and immune response of hamsters inoculated with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (Pb) into the cheek pouch, which lacks lymphatic drainage, and the ffotpad, which is rich in lymphatics. Our objective was to better understand the modulation of Pb granuloma in an immunocompetent animal inoculated in an immunologically privileged site. The humoral immune response (ELISA) and cell mediated immunity (footpad test) became positive on days 7 and 14, respectively in animal inoculated into footpad and on days 35 and 60 in animals inoculated into the pouch. Typical epithelioid granulomas were observed at both sites on day 14. The number of fungi gradually decreased from the beginning of the experiment in footpad lesions, but only after day 35 in pouch granulomas, when cell mediated immunity was detectable. The results indicate that typical epithelioid paracoccidioidomycotic granulomas may develop in the absence of a detectable immune response; however, they are incapable of controlling fungal reproduction. Lack of lymphatic drainage delays the appearance of a detectable immune response, but with time fungi escape from the pouch, elicit an immune response and reach other organs. Our results further indicate the importance of the lymphatics in the pathogenesis of paracoccidioidomycosis.
Assuntos
Camundongos , Bochecha/anormalidades , Bochecha/lesões , Bochecha/microbiologia , Granuloma/fisiopatologia , Granuloma/microbiologia , Paracoccidioidomicose/complicações , Paracoccidioidomicose/diagnóstico , Paracoccidioidomicose/fisiopatologia , Paracoccidioidomicose/microbiologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/instrumentação , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/métodos , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/tendências , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/veterináriaRESUMO
Comparison has been made of measures of coronary and aortic atherosclerosis in autopsied persons having five selected diseases (lung cancer,stomach cancer, other cancer, cirrhosis of the liver, and tuberculosis) with similar measures in control cases. There appears to be a slight but not significant tendency for lung cancer to be associated with more severe atherosclerosis within age-location-race subgroups. The tendency is strongest in the abdominal aorta. None of the other four diseases appears to be associated with increased or decreased severity of atherosclerosis in comparison with the control groups.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Masculino , Feminino , Aorta Abdominal/patologia , Arteriosclerose/complicações , Arteriosclerose/epidemiologia , Vasos Coronários/patologia , Cirrose Hepática/complicações , Neoplasias/complicações , Tuberculose/complicações , Fatores Etários , Arteriosclerose/etiologia , Arteriosclerose/patologia , Negro ou Afro-Americano , Etnicidade , Guatemala , Jamaica , Louisiana , Neoplasias Pulmonares/complicações , México , Noruega , Filipinas , Porto Rico , Fatores Sexuais , África do Sul , América do Sul , Neoplasias Gástricas/complicaçõesRESUMO
Cooperating pathologists in different countries collected 23,207 sets of coronary arteries and aortae, according to a standard protocol. A central laboratry staff stained the arteries with Sudan IV, and a team of pathologists graded the atherosclerotic lesions. A basal group of cases which died from accidents, infections, cancer, and selected miscellaneous causes was extracted in order to compare atherosclerosis among the different geographic, racial, and sex subgroups. Even the most homogeneous subgroups (same location, sex, age, and race) vary greatly in extent of advanced atherosclerotic lesions. The 19 location-race groups differ significantly in extent of raised lesions. The abdominal aorta and the left anterior descending coronary artery have more atherosclerosis than other arteries. Within most location-race groups, coronary arteries of men have more raised lesions than the coronary arteries of women. Aortae of men in some groups have slightly more, and in other groups slightly less raised lesions than the aortae of women. Negro groups show little or no sex difference in either the coronary arteries or the aorta. Ranking of the 19 location-race groups by raised atherosclerotic lesions is similar, regardless of lesion measure (fatty streaks excepted), sex, artery, or age group. New Orleans white and the Oslo group rank highest; Bogota, Sao Paulo Negro, Guatemala, and Durban Bantu groups rank lowest. With few exceptions, ranking these groups by raised lesions corresponds closely with ranking them by coronary heart disease mortality rate. (AU)