RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To propose the development and validation of criteria for evaluating the clinical performance of indirect restorations, considering the variables related to the operator, material, and/or patient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experimental design of this study was divided into three stages. Stage 1: development of the new criteria items by specialists in Prosthodontics. Step 2: creation of the criteria, named UERJ criteria, with the description of the parameters that indicate the quality of the restoration, the possible associated complications, and a detailed description of each classification. As well as the development of a form of variables. Step 3: validation of the UERJ criteria. RESULTS: Cohen's Kappa statistic registered for both intra- and inter-examiner agreements a coefficient >0.91 with a p-value <0.0001. The validity of the UERJ criteria was evaluated by tests of sensitivity (0.96) and specificity (0.91) and had a satisfactory accuracy (92.7%), a positive (10.99), and negative (0.05) likelihood ratio and high values predictive variables, with positive (PPV) 0.84 (high specificity) and negative (VPN) 0.98 (high sensitivity), with a confidence interval of 95%. CONCLUSION: The UERJ criteria is a valid instrument for evaluating the clinical performance of indirect restorations. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The UERJ criteria, developed exclusively for the analysis of indirect restorations, elucidates the details necessary to identify the causes of failures and complications of these restorations.
Assuntos
Resinas Compostas , Restauração Dentária Permanente , Humanos , Seguimentos , Falha de Restauração DentáriaRESUMO
Describir las herramientas estadísticas las herramientas estadísticas empleadas para la presentación de resultados de investigación en los artículos publicados en la revista Archivos Argentinos de Pediatría a fin de evaluar el nivel y accesibilidad de aquéllas. Estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo. Se analizaron las publicaciones del período 2015-2019. Aplicando la escala de Mora Ripoll adaptada por Praena Fernández, fueron revisados 236 trabajos que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión en la sección Artículos originales de la revista Archivos Argentinos de Pediatría. El 14,4% de los artículos correspondió al nivel I, 22,9% al nivel II y 62,7% al nivel III. Así, un lector cuyo repertorio de conocimientos estadísticos equivaliera al nivel I accedería al 14,4% de los artículos mientras que quien contara con un nivel II elevaría la accesibilidad al 37,3%. Del análisis de los artículos originales publicados en los AAP, resulta evidente que quien desee realizar un análisis crítico de la totalidad de los hallazgos presentados en la revista, deberá contar con un apropiado nivel de conocimiento que, lamentablemente, no suele alcanzarse en la carrera de grado de Medicina.
Describes the statistical tools used to present research results in articles published in the Argentine Archives of Pediatrics to assess their level and accessibility. Observational, descriptive and retrospective study. Publications for the period 2015-2019 were analyzed. Applying the Mora Ripoll scale, adapted by Praena Fernández, 236 papers satisfying the inclusion criteria were reviewed in its original articles section. 14.4% of the articles corresponded to level I, 22.9% to level II and 62.7% to level III. Thus, a reader whose repertoire of statistical knowledge equals level I would access 14.4% of the articles, while a reader with a level II would increase accessibility to 37.3%. From the analysis of the original articles published in the AAP, it is evident that anyone who wishes to carry out a critical analysis of all the findings presented in the journal, must have an appropriate level of knowledge that, unfortunately, it is not usually achieved in the undergraduate degree of Medicine.
Assuntos
Humanos , Publicações Periódicas como Assunto , Bioestatística , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Compreensão , Pediatria , Argentina , Competência Profissional , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to validate the Vocal Tract Discomfort Scale (VTD) Argentine version. STUDY DESIGN: Nonrandomized, cross-sectional prospective study with control group. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The VTD Scale was culturally and linguistically adapted to Argentinian Spanish according to the recommended requirements of translation, closely observing the methodology that was suggested (translation, summary, review and back-translation). The scale Argentine version (Escala de disconfort del tracto vocal) was administered to 107 patients with muscle-tension dysphonia (MTD) (23 men and 84 women, mean ages being: 32.30 ± 9.09 years old for MTD type I, and 31.23 ± 8.45 years old for MTD type II) and 30 volunteers with no vocal pathology (9 men and 21 women, mean ages being: 44.3 ± 8.72 years old). All patients completed the Escala de disconfort del tracto vocal before and after Mathieson Laryngeal Manual Therapy. The results of the VTD Scale administered in both patients and vocally healthy subjects were initially compared; the changes arising from pre and post therapy were also compared in the second phase. The internal consistency of the VTD Scale was assessed using Cronbach alpha coefficient. RESULTS: The internal consistency assessed was considered acceptable for both subscales within the VTD Scale. The values obtained for frequency, severity, and total score of the Scale were similar in patients with MTD I and MTD II, marking a difference with those obtained in the control group of healthy volunteers. A lump feeling in the throat was one of the most frequent symptoms in both MTD and vocally healthy groups. CONCLUSION: The VTD Scale shows an acceptable consistency, so it is a highly reproducible, reliable, and valuable instrument of evaluation to assess Argentinian patients with voice disorders.
Assuntos
Autoavaliação Diagnóstica , Disfonia/diagnóstico , Prega Vocal/fisiopatologia , Qualidade da Voz , Adulto , Argentina , Percepção Auditiva , Estudos Transversais , Disfonia/fisiopatologia , Disfonia/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Estudos Prospectivos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The introduction of statistical analysis in biomedical journals should be attributed to Dunn and Greenwood in the 1930s, who reflect the concepts of statistical analysis and interpretation. The aim of this study was to analyze the use of different statistical tests and the level of accessibility analysis-dependent and article-dependent of the original articles published in the journal Medicina (B Aires) in the period 2008-2017. A bibliometric, descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study was carried out, in which the original articles were evaluated according to the scale proposed by Mora Ripoll et al. From the 301 articles in Spanish reviewed, 96% presented statistical analyses. Among the 215 articles that used some inferential statistics technique, 49.7% used the chi-square test, z tests for proportions, the Fisher exact test or the McNemar test; 29.2% used student t-tests and z-tests, including the use of these techniques or the use of confidence intervals for medium-conformance contrasts, and/or median-homogeneity (two samples), in paired or independent samples. The results indicate that a reader who knows about the tests included in Level II will have statistical access to 75% of the original articles published. It was found that it is not necessary to have advanced knowledge of statistics to access most publications, but it is important that these contents are developed with emphasis on statistical reasoning over the application and use of software or the choice of the appropriate test.
La introducción de análisis estadísticos en revistas biomédicas debe atribuirse a Dunn y a Gree wood en la década del 30, quienes reflejan los conceptos del análisis e interpretación estadística. El objetivo del trabajo fue analizar la utilización de distintas pruebas estadísticas y el grado de accesibilidad análisis-dependiente y artículo-dependiente de los artículos originales publicados en la revista Medicina (B Aires) en el período 2008-2017. Se realizó un estudio bibliométrico, descriptivo, observacional, de corte transversal, en el cual se incluyeron los artículos originales que fueron evaluados de acuerdo a la escala propuesta por Mora Ripoll y col. Se revisaron 301 artículos en idioma español, el 96% presentó análisis estadísticos. Entre los 215 artículos que emplearon alguna técnica de estadística inferencial, el 49.7% utilizó la prueba chi-cuadrado, pruebas z para proporciones, el test exacto de Fisher o prueba de McNemar. El 29.2% empleó pruebas t de student y pruebas z, incluyendo el uso de estas técnicas o de intervalos de confianza para contrastes de conformidad de medianas, y/o homogeneidad de medianas (dos muestras), en muestras apareadas o independientes. Los resultados indican que un lector conocedor de las pruebas incluidas en el Nivel II tendrá acceso estadístico al 75% de los artículos originales publicados. Se comprobó que no es necesario tener conocimientos avanzados de estadística para acceder a la mayoría de las publicaciones, pero sí es importante que estos contenidos sean desarrollados haciendo hincapié en el razonamiento estadístico por sobre la aplicación y utilización de software o la elección del test adecuado.
Assuntos
Acesso à Informação , Bibliometria , Medicina/estatística & dados numéricos , Publicações Periódicas como Assunto/estatística & dados numéricos , Estatística como Assunto , Argentina , Pesquisa Biomédica/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Transversais , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , HumanosRESUMO
La introducció;n de análisis estadísticos en revistas biomó;©dicas debe atribuirse a Dunn y a Greewood en la dó;©cada del 30, quienes reflejan los conceptos del análisis e interpretació;n estadística. El objetivo del trabajo fue analizar la utilizació;n de distintas pruebas estadísticas y el grado de accesibilidad análisis-dependiente y artículo-dependiente de los artículos originales publicados en la revista Medicina (B Aires) en el período 2008-2017. Se realizó; un estudio bibliomó;©trico, descriptivo, observacional, de corte transversal, en el cual se incluyeron los artículos originales que fueron evaluados de acuerdo a la escala propuesta por Mora Ripoll y col. Se revisaron 301 artículos en idioma espaó;±ol, el 96% presentó; análisis estadísticos. Entre los 215 artículos que emplearon alguna tó;©cnica de estadística inferencial, el 49.7% utilizó; la prueba chi-cuadrado, pruebas z para proporciones, el test exacto de Fisher o prueba de McNemar. El 29.2% empleó; pruebas t de student y pruebas z, incluyendo el uso de estas tó;©cnicas o de intervalos de confianza para contrastes de conformidad de medianas, y/o homogeneidad de medianas (dos muestras), en muestras apareadas o independientes. Los resultados indican que un lector conocedor de las pruebas incluidas en el Nivel II tendrá acceso estadístico al 75% de los artículos originales publicados. Se comprobó; que no es necesario tener conocimientos avanzados de estadística para acceder a la mayoría de las publicaciones, pero sí es importante que estos contenidos sean desarrollados haciendo hincapí en el razonamiento estadístico por sobre la aplicació;n y utilizació;n de software o la elecció;n del test adecuado.
The introduction of statistical analysis in biomedical journals should be attributed to Dunn and Greenwood in the 1930s, who reflect the concepts of statistical analysis and interpretation. The aim of this study was to analyze the use of different statistical tests and the level of accessibility analysis-dependent and article-dependent of the original articles published in the journal Medicina (B Aires) in the period 2008-2017. A bibliometric, descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study was carried out, in which the original articles were evaluated according to the scale proposed by Mora Ripoll et al. From the 301 articles in Spanish reviewed, 96% presented statistical analyses. Among the 215 articles that used some inferential statistics technique, 49.7% used the chi-square test, z tests for proportions, the Fisher exact test or the McNemar test; 29.2% used student t-tests and z-tests, including the use of these techniques or the use of confidence intervals for medium-conformance contrasts, and /or median-homogeneity (two samples), in paired or independent samples. The results indicate that a reader who knows about the tests included in Level II will have statistical access to 75% of the original articles published. It was found that it is not necessary to have advanced knowledge of statistics to access most publications, but it is important that these contents are developed with emphasis on statistical reasoning over the application and use of software or the choice of the appropriate test.
Assuntos
Humanos , Publicações Periódicas como Assunto/estatística & dados numéricos , Bibliometria , Estatística como Assunto , Acesso à Informação , Medicina/estatística & dados numéricos , Argentina , Estudos Transversais , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Pesquisa Biomédica/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the lower vena cava Collapse Index (CI) as a predictor parameter of hypotensive episodes after general anesthesia induction in ASA I and II patients who were scheduled for elective surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective, observational and simple blind study was designed. A sample of 80 patients was recruited. In the preoperative stage, they underwent protocolarized sedation and CI was obtained. Prior to induction, the baseline values ââof heart rate, non-invasive mean arterial pressure and continuous electrocardiographic tracing in DII were noted. In the post-orotracheal intubation stage, the aforementioned hemodynamic monitoring variables were recorded manually for 10 minutes. RESULTS: The data of 78 individuals are presented. After anesthetic induction, 8 (10.3%) patients developed hypotension. The adjustment of the univariate logistic regression model for CI shows a good diagnostic capacity, with the area under the ROC curve equal to 0.76. The chance of presenting hypotension is increased by 62% by increasing the CI by 5 points (p = 0.003). Regarding the negative predictive value, we found that with values ââcorresponding to the cutoff points between 39% and 46%, a probability of at least 93.1% of not presenting hypotension was obtained. The optimal cutoff point of the CI to predict hypotension is estimated at 43%, with a sensitivity of 62.5% and a specificity of 92.9%. CONCLUSION: A lower IC was associated with a lower probability of developing intraoperative hypotension. The use of this tool could be useful to anticipate which patients will be prone to intra-surgical hypotension.
OBJETIVO: Evaluar el índice de colapsabilidad (IC) de la vena cava inferior (VCI) como predictor de episodios hipotensivos posinducción de anestesia general en cirugía electiva de pacientes ASA I y II. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se diseñó un estudio prospectivo, observacional y simple ciego. Se reclutó una muestra de 80 pacientes. En etapa preoperatoria fueron sometidos a una sedación protocolizada y se obtuvo el IC. Previo a la inducción, se anotaron los valores basales de la frecuencia cardíaca, la presión arterial media y el trazado electrocardiográfico continuo en DII. Posintubación orotraqueal, se registraron manualmente las variables hemodinámicas mencionadas durante 10 minutos. RESULTADOS: Se presentan datos de 78 individuos. Luego de la inducción, 8 (10,3%) pacientes desarrollaron hipotensión. El ajuste del modelo de regresión logística univariado para IC muestra una buena capacidad diagnóstica, siendo el área bajo la curva ROC igual a 0,76. La chance de presentar hipotensión se incrementa en un 62% al aumentar el IC en 5 puntos (p = 0,003). En cuanto al valor predictivo negativo, encontramos que con valores correspondientes a los puntos de corte entre 39% y 46%, se obtenía una probabilidad de 93,1% de no presentar hipotensión. El punto de corte óptimo del IC para predecir hipotensión se estima en 43%, con una sensibilidad del 62,5% y una especificidad del 92,9%. CONCLUSIÓN: Un menor IC se asoció con una menor probabilidad de desarrollar hipotensión intraoperatoria. El uso de esta herramienta podría ser de utilidad para anticipar qué pacientes serán propensos a hipotensión intraquirúrgica.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Veia Cava Inferior/diagnóstico por imagem , Hipotensão/diagnóstico , Anestesia Geral/efeitos adversos , Veia Cava Inferior/fisiopatologia , Modelos Logísticos , Método Simples-Cego , Pressão Venosa Central , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Estudos Prospectivos , Curva ROC , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Eletivos , Hidratação , Hemodinâmica , Hipotensão/etiologia , Complicações Intraoperatórias/diagnóstico , Complicações Intraoperatórias/etiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: eSS is a rat model of type 2 diabetes characterized by fasting hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia and early hypertriglyceridemia. Diabetic symptoms worsen during the second year of life as insulin release decreases. In 12-month-old males a diffuse hepatic steatosis was detected. We report the disturbances of lipid metabolism of the model with regard to the diabetic syndrome. METHODS: The study was conducted in eight 12-month-old eSS male rats and seven age/weight matched eumetabolic Wistar rats fed with a complete commercial diet al libitum. Fasting plasmatic glucose, insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density and high-density lipoprotein, and nonesterified fatty acids levels were measured. Very low density and intermediate-density lipoproteins were analyzed and hepatic lipase activity was determined. RESULTS: eSS rats developed hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, indicating insulin resistance. Compared with controls, diabetic rats exhibited high plasmatic levels of NEFA, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (Chol) and LDL-Chol while high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol values were reduced. eSS rats also displayed TG-rich VLDL and IDL particles without changes in hepatic lipase activity. CONCLUSION: The nonobese eSS rats develop a syndrome characterized by glucose and lipid disorders and hepatic steatosis that may provide new opportunities for studying the pathogenesis of human type 2 diabetes.
RESUMO
Se procesaron registros de la presión arterial sistólica (PAS), diastólica (PAD) y de la frecuencia cardíaca (FC) efectuados durante todo el día en situación basal y a las 6, 26 y 52 semanas de tratamiento. Para ello se aplicaron técnicas multidimensionales de datos con el enfoque de la escuela francesa (análisis de correspondencias múltiples seguido de la construcción de clusters sobre coordenadas factoriales), logrando una partición en tres clases. Se consideró luego cada clase como un objeto simbólico y se realizaron gráficos de estrellas multivariantes que pusieron en evidencia los diferentes perfiles de las clases, posibilitando una satisfactoria visualización gráfica.
Systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure and heart frequency performed all along the day under basal conditions and at 6, 26 and 52 weeks of treatment were processed. Multidimensional data techniques were applied with the French school approach (multiple correspondence analysis followed by construction of clusters on factorial coordinates), achieving partition in three classes. Thereafter, each class was considered as a symbolic object and multivariant star graphs were drawn to show the different class profiles, making possible a satisfactory graphic visualization.
Processaram-se registros da pressão arterial sistólica (PAS), diastólica (PAD) e da freqüência cardíaca (FC) efetuados durante todo o dia em situação basal e as 6, 26 e 52 semanas de tratamento. Para isto se aplicaram técnicas multidimensionais de dados com o enfoque da escola francesa (análise de correspondências múltiples seguido da construção de clusters sobre coordenadas fatoriais), logrando uma partição em três classes. Consideraram-se em seguida cada classe como um objeto simbólico e se realizaram gráficos de estrelas multivariantes que puseram em evidência os diferentes perfis das classes, possibilitando uma satisfatória visualização gráfica.
RESUMO
The eSMT rat is derived from the crossing of eSS and beta, both lines belonging to the IIM strain, while eSS is a model of type 2 diabetes without overweight and beta develops moderate obesity and late glucose intolerance. Metabolic characteristics and histopathological findings in endocrine pancreas of eSS and eSMT were compared. Young eSMT animals are more robust than eSS and develop more intense fasting hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance at an earlier age. eSMT males of 6 and 9 months show islets with altered shapes and fibrosis, as well as sporadic images of apoptosis. At 12 months of age, islets are reduced in number and size, resembling the histoarchitecture of eSS males during their second year of life; eventually islets undergo disruption and, at the same time, occasional mitoses and nesidioblastosis are seen. These dynamic modifications may be expressing a response to hyperglycemia. eSS females preserve their insular structure for a longer time and have less glycemic alterations. Sexual dimorphism of the diabetic syndrome of eSMT is attenuated when compared with eSS. The construction of a typology of individuals through multivariate analysis separated three clusters, evidencing genetic, age and sex differences.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/patologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Ilhotas Pancreáticas/patologia , Animais , Apoptose , Glicemia/análise , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/genética , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/fisiopatologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/etiologia , Feminino , Intolerância à Glucose/patologia , Hiperglicemia/patologia , Masculino , Mitose , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
La rata eSMT derivó del cruzamiento de eSS y b, líneas de la cepa IIM. eSS es un modelo de diabetes tipo 2 sin sobrepeso; b desarrolla obesidad moderada e intolerancia tardía a la glucosa. Fueron comparados características metabólicas y hallazgos histopatológicos del páncreas endocrino entre eSS y eSMT. Cotejados con eSS, los animales eSMT jóvenes son más corpulentos y desarrollan hiperglucemia de ayuno e intolerancia a la glucosa más precoces e intensas. En los machos eSMT de 6 y 9 meses existen islotes de formas alteradas y con fibrosis, detectándose esporádicas imágenes de apoptosis. En los de un año se tornan más pequeños y escasos, remedando la histoarquitectura de los machos eSS en el segundo año de vida; posteriormente los islotes van disgregándose, a la vez que muestran ocasionales mitosis y se observa nesidioblastosis. Se sugiere que estas modificaciones dinámicas constituyen una respuesta a la hiperglucemia. Las hembras eSS conservan por más tiempo la estructura insular y tienen menores alteraciones de la glucemia. El dimorfismo sexual del síndrome diabético de eSMT es atenuado respecto de eSS. La construcción de una tipología de individuos mediante el análisis multivariado separó tres clusters, evidenciando diferencias genéticas, etáreas y de sexo.(AU)
The eSMT rat is derived from the crossing of eSS and b, both lines belonging to the IIM strain, while eSS is a model of type 2 diabetes without overweight and b develops moderate obesity and late glucose intolerance. Metabolic characteristics and histopathological findings in endocrine pancreas of eSS and eSMT were compared. Young eSMT animals are more robust than eSS and develop more intense fasting hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance at an earlier age. eSMT males of 6 and 9 months show islets with altered shapes and fibrosis, as well as sporadic images of apoptosis. At 12 months of age, islets are reduced in number and size, resembling the histoarchitecture of eSS males during their second year of life; eventually islets undergo disruption and, at the same time, occasional mitoses and nesidioblastosis are seen. These dynamic modifications may be expressing a response to hyperglycemia. eSS females preserve their insular structure for a longer time and have less glycemic alterations. Sexual dimorphism of the diabetic syndrome of eSMT is attenuated when compared with eSS. The construction of a typology of individuals through multivariate analysis separated three clusters, evidencing genetic, age and sex differences.(AU)