RESUMO

A manutenção de condições apropriadas de higiene e de conservação é de suma importância na garantia de qualidade e segurança dos produtos cárneos, através do controle no procedimento produtivo, sendo essenciais para a elaboração de produtos seguros. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as condições higiênicosanitárias dos açougues, identificando os pontos críticos de controle de qualidade na distribuição da carne e as possíveis causas da contaminação microbiana no alimento. Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa. A coleta dos dados foi realizada em uma cidade no sul do estado do Ceará. Avaliaram-se as condições higiênicosanitárias dos estabelecimentos comerciais de carne bovina registrados e não registrados do município, aplicou-se, um checklist de verificação em boas práticas. Nos estabelecimentos verificouse que 90% dos itens pesquisados apresentaram não conformidade com a lista de Boas Práticas de Manipulação. Segundo classificação proposta pela Agência Nacional da Vigilância Sanitária - ANVISA na Resolução RDC n° 275/02, os açougues avaliados não se enquadram em nenhum dos grupos classificatórios de estabelecimentos. Itens como aberturas com dispositivos que impeçam a entrada de insetos e impurezas apresentaram 95% de não conformidade e área de manipulação adequada e lixeira provida de tampa apresentaram 100% de não conformidade. Conclui-se que há necessidade da implementação de programas de Boas Práticas em serviços de alimentação e, por parte da Vigilância Sanitária do Município, cabe intensificar a fiscalização, especialmente com o objetivo de melhorar a educação sanitária e a conscientização dos proprietários e açougueiros locais.(AU)

The maintenance of appropriate conditions of hygiene and conservation is of utmost importance in guaranteeing the quality and safety of the meat products, through the control in the productive procedure, being essential for the elaboration of safe products. The objective of this work was to evaluate the hygienic-sanitary conditions of the butchers, identifying the critical points of quality control in the meat distribution and the possible causes of the microbial contamination in the food. It was a descriptive study, with a quantitative and qualitative approach. Data collection was performed in a city in the southern state of Ceará. The hygienic-sanitary conditions of registered and unregistered commercial beef establishments of the municipality were evaluated using a checklist available in Administrative Rule 2619/11-SMS. In the establishments it was verified that 90% of the items surveyed presented noncompliance with the list of Good Manipulation Practices. According to classification proposed by ANVISA in Resolution RDC No. 275/02, the evaluated butchers do not fall into any of the classificatory groups of establishments. Items such as openings with devices that prevent the entry of insects and impurities showed 95% non-compliance and adequate handling area and trash bin provided with 100% non-compliance. It is concluded that there is a need for the implementation of Good Practices programs in food services, and the Sanitary Surveillance of the Municipality, it is necessary to intensify the inspection, especially with the objective of improving health education and the awareness of local owners and butchers.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Yeasts from the Candida parapsilosis complex are clinically relevant due to their high virulence and pathogenicity potential, such as adherence to epithelial cells and emission of filamentous structures, as well as their low susceptibility to antifungals. D-limonene, a natural compound, emerges as a promising alternative with previously described antibacterial, antiparasitic, and antifungal activity; however, its mechanisms of action and antivirulence activity against C. parapsilosis complex species have not been elucidated. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to evaluate the antifungal and antivirulence action, as well as the mechanism of action of D-limonene against isolates from this complex. D-limonene exhibited relevant antifungal activity against C. parapsilosis complex yeasts, as well as excellent antivirulence activity by inhibiting yeast morphogenesis and adherence to the human epithelium. Furthermore, the apoptotic mechanism induced by this compound, which is not induced by oxidative stress, represents an important target for the development of new antifungal drugs.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Microbial resistance has become a worrying problem in recent decades after the abusive use of antibiotics causing the selection of resistant microorganisms. In order to circumvent such resistance, researchers have invested efforts in the search for promising natural substances, such as essential oils. Thus, the objective of this work was to determine the chemical composition of the essential oil of Acritopappus confertus leaves, to evaluate its intrinsic effect and its effects in combination with drugs against pathogenic fungi and bacteria, in addition to verifying the inhibition of virulence in Candida strains. To this end, the oil was verified by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Candida strains were used for antifungal assays by means of the serial microdilution technique, in order to determine the average inhibitory concentration (IC50), and for the modification assays, sub-inhibitory concentrations (MIC/8) were used. Finally, the natural product's ability to inhibit the formation of filamentous structures was evaluated. In antibacterial tests, the MIC of the oil against strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and its modifying effects in association with gentamicin, erythromycin, and norfloxacin were determined. The major constituent of the essential oil was the monoterpene myrcene (54.71%). The results show that the essential oil has an antifungal effect, with C. albicans strains being the most susceptible. Furthermore, the oil can potentiate the effect of fluconazole against strains of C. tropicalis and C. albicans. Regarding its effect on micromorphology, the oil was also able to inhibit the filaments in all strains. In combination with antibiotics, the oil potentiated the drug's action by reducing the MIC against E. coli and S. aureus. It can be concluded that the essential oil of A. confertus has potential against pathogenic fungi and bacteria, making it a target for the development of an antimicrobial drug.

RESUMO

The inappropriate use of synthetic antibiotics has become a global public health problem. Therefore, the study of new alternatives for the treatment of infectious diseases is relevant and natural bioactive products are on the rise. This study conducted a scientific prospection of bioactive natural products with promising applications in the chemical control of microorganisms. A systematic review of the most recent articles was performed according to the following three steps: (i) eligibility assessment, (ii) screening, and (iii) inclusion of articles and information extraction. There has been an increase in the number of scientific publications on bioactive natural products for microbial control in the CAPES and SciELO databases (2001-2021). Seventeen relevant articles were included, most of which focused on extracts. Ascorbic acid, chlorogenic acid, chrysin, and quercetin were the most cited compounds. Natural products were shown to be effective in inhibiting more than 30 microorganisms. A discussion was presented on the research trends.

Assuntos