RESUMO
The repair and homeostasis of peri-implant tissues depend on several factors such as the local presence of pathogenic bacteria and their products. Among other events, peri-implant tissue response is also related to the implant material used, which interferes with cells and extracellular matrix interactions, affecting the osseointegration process. In this study, the influence of zirconia (Zr) and titanium (Ti) substrates on the response of preosteoblasts (MC3T3) and murine macrophages (RAW 264.7) exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS, P. gingivalis) was evaluated. Zr and Ti disks were obtained and subjected to surface roughness standardization, which was analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The cells were subsequently cultured on Zr and Ti surfaces in AlphaMEM culture medium for 24 h, followed by LPS stimulus for 4 h. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and gene expression of inflammatory markers were determined. SEM images showed that Ti disks exhibited higher surface roughness than that of Zr disks. Cells that seeded onto Ti and Zr had increased expression of inflammatory mediators and ROS production in the presence of LPS; however, such cell responses were more evident for Ti disks. These data indicate that contact of cells with Zr surfaces may lead to a lower inflammatory potential than Ti surfaces. Elucidation of the inflammatory response triggered by LPS for cells in contact with titanium and zirconia may contribute to the selection of materials for installation of osseointegrated implants.
Assuntos
Implantes Dentários , Titânio , Animais , Camundongos , Lipopolissacarídeos , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio , Zircônio , Propriedades de SuperfícieRESUMO
This study aimed to evaluate the performance and carcass of lambs of different genotypes through univariate and multivariate analysis. Intact male lambs of the Berganês (BG), Berganês x Santa Inês (BSI), and Berganês x Dorper (BD) genotypes and the control group Dorper x Santa Inês (DSI) were used. Eight lambs of each genotype were used, aged between 4 and 5 months, with an average initial weight of 27.52 ± 3.79 kg, distributed in a completely randomized design. Data were tested by analyzing variance, followed by Tukey's test and principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis (DA). Slaughter body and average daily gain were higher for BD and BG than BSI (P < 0.05). On the other hand, BSI, BD, and DSI showed higher cold carcass yield than BG (P < 0.05). Lower cooling losses (CL) and more excellent conformation were observed in DSI (P < 0.05). BD showed a higher carcass compactness index (CCI), and DSI showed a higher leg compactness index (LCI) (P < 0.05). PCA produced seven components explaining 83.59% of total data variability. Based on the discriminant analysis, LCI, CL, CCI, and conformation showed greater power to distinguish the genotypes, with a high index of the lambs' classification to their respective genotypes. The crossbreeding improved carcass yield and reduced cooling weight loss. The Berganês ecotype and its crossbreeds have performance and carcass traits compatible with the DSI genotype. According to the DA, heterogeneity was found between the Berganês ecotype and its crossbreeds, with CL, LCI CCI, and conformation showing greater discrimination power.
Assuntos
Composição Corporal , Doenças dos Ovinos , Animais , Cadáver , Genótipo , Hibridização Genética , Masculino , Fenótipo , OvinosRESUMO
This study aimed to evaluate carcass and noncarcass components of Santa Inês lambs fed diets containing different proportions of mango meal (MF) replacing corn. Twenty four Santa Inês lambs, castrated, with initial live weight of 23.3 kg, were used. Animals were housed in individual pens and fed isonitrogenous diets containing four levels of corn replaced by mango meal for 77 days. Roughage:concentrate ratio was 40:60 and Pennisetum purpureum Schum. in natura was used as roughage source. The completely randomized experimental design with four treatments and six replications was used. Considering the carcass weight and yield components, influences of corn replacement were not observed (P> 0.05), except for brisket and hindquarter weights and hindquarter yield. Quantitative characteristics of eye-muscle area (fat thickness and tissue composition) of Santa Inês lambs were also unchanged. Thus, the MF can be used as food for Santa Inês lambs without damage to quantitative and qualitative carcass and noncarcass characteristics.(AU)
Este estudo avaliou as características dos constituintes e não constituintes da carcaça de cordeiros Santa Inês alimentados com dietas contendo diferentes proporções de farelo de manga (FM) em substituição ao milho. Foram utilizados 24 cordeiros, castrados, com peso corporal inicial médio de 23,3 kg, alojados em baias individuais e alimentados, por 77 dias, com rações isoproteicas, contendo quatro níveis de substituição (0; 33; 66 e 100%) do milho pelo FM. A relação volumoso:concentrado foi de 40:60, com capim elefante (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) in natura utilizado como volumoso. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos e seis repetições. Considerando os constituintes da carcaça, não foi observada influência (P>0,05) do nível de inclusão do FM, exceto para os cortes serrote e paleta e para o rendimento de paleta. Quanto aos não constituintes da carcaça, observou-se influência (P 0,05) apenas para os rendimentos de fígado e língua. As características quantitativas do lombo não sofreram alterações. O FM pode ser utilizado na alimentação de cordeiros Santa Inês sem prejuízos para as características dos constituintes e não constituintes da carcaça.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Carne/análise , Mangifera , Zea mays , Aumento de Peso , Ração Animal , OvinosRESUMO
This study aimed to evaluate carcass and noncarcass components of Santa Inês lambs fed diets containing different proportions of mango meal (MF) replacing corn. Twenty four Santa Inês lambs, castrated, with initial live weight of 23.3 kg, were used. Animals were housed in individual pens and fed isonitrogenous diets containing four levels of corn replaced by mango meal for 77 days. Roughage:concentrate ratio was 40:60 and Pennisetum purpureum Schum. in natura was used as roughage source. The completely randomized experimental design with four treatments and six replications was used. Considering the carcass weight and yield components, influences of corn replacement were not observed (P> 0.05), except for brisket and hindquarter weights and hindquarter yield. Quantitative characteristics of eye-muscle area (fat thickness and tissue composition) of Santa Inês lambs were also unchanged. Thus, the MF can be used as food for Santa Inês lambs without damage to quantitative and qualitative carcass and noncarcass characteristics.
Este estudo avaliou as características dos constituintes e não constituintes da carcaça de cordeiros Santa Inês alimentados com dietas contendo diferentes proporções de farelo de manga (FM) em substituição ao milho. Foram utilizados 24 cordeiros, castrados, com peso corporal inicial médio de 23,3 kg, alojados em baias individuais e alimentados, por 77 dias, com rações isoproteicas, contendo quatro níveis de substituição (0; 33; 66 e 100%) do milho pelo FM. A relação volumoso:concentrado foi de 40:60, com capim elefante (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) in natura utilizado como volumoso. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos e seis repetições. Considerando os constituintes da carcaça, não foi observada influência (P>0,05) do nível de inclusão do FM, exceto para os cortes serrote e paleta e para o rendimento de paleta. Quanto aos não constituintes da carcaça, observou-se influência (P 0,05) apenas para os rendimentos de fígado e língua. As características quantitativas do lombo não sofreram alterações. O FM pode ser utilizado na alimentação de cordeiros Santa Inês sem prejuízos para as características dos constituintes e não constituintes da carcaça.
Assuntos
Animais , Aumento de Peso , Carne/análise , Mangifera , Ração Animal , Zea mays , OvinosRESUMO
In this trial, four feeding strategies to growing goats were compared and adult goat females performance were evaluated. Four feeding strategies were studied,, three roughage sources (White cassava hay, Leucena hay and Gliricidia hay), in a total mixed ration (70% concentrate and 30% roughage, in dry matter basis), and control-caatinga treatment, in which mothers were accompanied during all the day. The others animals were milked during night. 44 animals, 24 males and 20 females were used and distributed in four groups of 11 animals, three groups in collective pens, while the fourth was kept with the adult goats. The experimental design was completely randomized, with 11 replications. Rations with White cassava or Leucena hay increased growing kids daily weight gain and total weight gain (P0.05) the performance and body condition score. Hence, White cassava and Leucena hay are important roughage sources to be included in high concentrate proportion ration given to growing kids.
O objetivo, no presente trabalho, foi comparar quatro estratégias alimentares para caprinos em crescimento e avaliar o desempenho das mães. Os tratamentos avaliados referem-se a três fontes de volumosos (feno de Maniçoba, feno de Leucena e feno de Gliricídia) na ração completa com relação de 70% de concentrado: 30% de volumoso na MS (matéria seca) e ao tratamento controle-caatinga, no qual as mães foram acompanhadas durante todo o dia. Os animais que recebiam ração também foram aleitados durante a noite após o retorno das mães. Foram utilizados 44 animais, 24 machos e 20 fêmeas, distribuídos em quatro grupos de 11, sendo que três grupos foram mantidos em baias coletivas e o quarto acompanhava as mães na caatinga. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o inteiramente casualizado com 11 repetições. As rações que continham fenos de Maniçoba e Leucena como volumosos proporcionaram maiores (P0,05) os ganhos e o escore de condição corporal. Pode-se concluir que os fenos de Leucena e Maniçoba são fontes de volumosos tecnicamente viáveis para rações de caprinos em crescimento com elevada proporção de concentrado.
RESUMO
In this trial, four feeding strategies to growing goats were compared and adult goat females performance were evaluated. Four feeding strategies were studied,, three roughage sources (White cassava hay, Leucena hay and Gliricidia hay), in a total mixed ration (70% concentrate and 30% roughage, in dry matter basis), and control-caatinga treatment, in which mothers were accompanied during all the day. The others animals were milked during night. 44 animals, 24 males and 20 females were used and distributed in four groups of 11 animals, three groups in collective pens, while the fourth was kept with the adult goats. The experimental design was completely randomized, with 11 replications. Rations with White cassava or Leucena hay increased growing kids daily weight gain and total weight gain (P0.05) the performance and body condition score. Hence, White cassava and Leucena hay are important roughage sources to be included in high concentrate proportion ration given to growing kids.
O objetivo, no presente trabalho, foi comparar quatro estratégias alimentares para caprinos em crescimento e avaliar o desempenho das mães. Os tratamentos avaliados referem-se a três fontes de volumosos (feno de Maniçoba, feno de Leucena e feno de Gliricídia) na ração completa com relação de 70% de concentrado: 30% de volumoso na MS (matéria seca) e ao tratamento controle-caatinga, no qual as mães foram acompanhadas durante todo o dia. Os animais que recebiam ração também foram aleitados durante a noite após o retorno das mães. Foram utilizados 44 animais, 24 machos e 20 fêmeas, distribuídos em quatro grupos de 11, sendo que três grupos foram mantidos em baias coletivas e o quarto acompanhava as mães na caatinga. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o inteiramente casualizado com 11 repetições. As rações que continham fenos de Maniçoba e Leucena como volumosos proporcionaram maiores (P0,05) os ganhos e o escore de condição corporal. Pode-se concluir que os fenos de Leucena e Maniçoba são fontes de volumosos tecnicamente viáveis para rações de caprinos em crescimento com elevada proporção de concentrado.