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BACKGROUND: During heart failure (HF) decompensation, an intense activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system occurs; however, the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) cannot block it completely. Otherwise, the addition of angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) can be useful when the inotropic dependence occurs. We evaluated the efficacy of the ARB-ACEI association on dobutamine withdrawal in advanced decompensated HF. OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of association angiotensin receptor blocker--angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor to withdraw the intravenous inotropic support in decompensated severe heart failure. METHODS: In a case-control study (N = 24), we selected patients admitted at the hospital due to HF that had been using dobutamine for more than 15 days, with one or more unsuccessful drug withdrawal attempts; optimized dose of ACEI and ejection fraction (EF) < 0.45. Then, the patients additionally received ARB (n=12) or not (control, n=12). The outcome was the successful dobutamine withdrawal, evaluated by logistic regression, with a p < 0.05. RESULTS: The EF was 0.25 and the age was 53 years, with a dobutamine dose of 10.7 microg/kg x min. The successful drug withdrawal was observed in 8 patients from the ARB group (67.7%) and in 2 patients from the control group (16.7%). The odds ratio (OR) was 10.0 (95%CI: 1.4 to 69.3; p = 0.02). The worsening in renal function was similar (ARB group: 42% vs. control group: 67%; p=0.129). CONCLUSION: In this pilot study, the ARB-ACEI association was associated with successful dobutamine withdrawal in advanced decompensated heart failure. The worsening in renal function was similar in both groups. Further studies are necessary to clarify the issue.

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FUNDAMENTO: Durante a descompensação da insuficiência cardíaca, ocorre uma intensa ativação do sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona, entretanto, o uso de inibidor da enzima de conversão de angiotensina (IECA) não pode bloqueá-lo completamente. De outro modo, a adição de bloqueador do receptor de angiotensina II (BRA) pode ser útil quando ocorre a dependência de inotrópico. Avaliamos a eficiência da associação BRA-IECA para retirada da dobutamina na insuficiência cardíaca avançada e descompensada. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a eficácia da associação de bloqueador do receptor AT1 de angiotensina II ao inibidor de enzima de conversão, para a retirada da dobutamina em pacientes com dependência de suporte inotrópico decorrente da descompensação aguda da insuficiência cardíaca crônica. MÉTODOS: Em um estudo caso-controle (N = 24), selecionamos pacientes internados por descompensação da insuficiência cardíaca e com uso por mais de 15 dias de dobutamina, ou uma ou mais tentativas sem sucesso de retirada; dose otimizada de IECA; e FEVE < 0,45. Os pacientes então receberam adicionalmente BRA (n = 12) ou não (controle, n = 12). O desfecho foi o sucesso na retirada da dobutamina, avaliado pela regressão logística, com p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: A fração de ejeção foi de 0,25, e a idade de 53 anos, com dose de dobutamina de 10,7 μg/kg.min. O sucesso na retirada de dobutamina ocorreu em oito pacientes do grupo BRA (67,7 por cento), e em dois no grupo controle (16,7 por cento). A "odds ratio" foi de 10,0 (intervalo de confiança de 95 por cento:1,4 a 69,3; p = 0,02). A piora da função renal foi semelhante (grupo BRA: 42 por cento vs. grupo controle: 67 por cento, p = 0,129). CONCLUSÃO: Neste estudo piloto, a associação BRA-IECA foi relacionada ao sucesso na retirada da dobutamina, na insuficiência cardíaca avançada descompesada. A piora da função renal foi semelhante em ambos os grupos. Estudos adicionais são necessários para esclarecer o assunto.

BACKGROUND: During heart failure (HF) decompensation, an intense activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system occurs; however, the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) cannot block it completely. Otherwise, the addition of angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) can be useful when the inotropic dependence occurs. We evaluated the efficacy of the ARB-ACEI association on dobutamine withdrawal in advanced decompensated HF. OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of association angiotensin receptor blocker - angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor to withdraw the intravenous inotropic support in decompensated severe heart failure. METHODS: In a case-control study (N = 24), we selected patients admitted at the hospital due to HF that had been using dobutamine for more than 15 days, with one or more unsuccessful drug withdrawal attempts; optimized dose of ACEI and ejection fraction (EF) < 0.45. Then, the patients additionally received ARB (n=12) or not (control, n=12). The outcome was the successful dobutamine withdrawal, evaluated by logistic regression, with a p < 0.05. RESULTS: The EF was 0.25 and the age was 53 years, with a dobutamine dose of 10.7 μg/kg.min. The successful drug withdrawal was observed in 8 patients from the ARB group (67.7 percent) and in 2 patients from the control group (16.7 percent). The odds ratio (OR) was 10.0 (95 percentCI: 1.4 to 69.3; p = 0.02). The worsening in renal function was similar (ARB group: 42 percent vs. control group: 67 percent; p=0.129). CONCLUSION: In this pilot study, the ARB-ACEI association was associated with successful dobutamine withdrawal in advanced decompensated heart failure. The worsening in renal function was similar in both groups. Further studies are necessary to clarify the issue.

FUNDAMENTO: Durante la descompensación de la insuficiencia cardiaca, ocurre una intensa activación del sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona, sin embargo, el empleo de inhibidor de la enzima de conversión de angiotensina (IECA) no puede bloquearlo completamente. De otro modo, la adición de bloqueante del receptor de angiotensina II (BRA) puede ser útil cuando ocurre la dependencia de inotrópico. Evaluamos la eficiencia de la asociación BRA-IECA para retirada de la dobutamina en la insuficiencia cardiaca avanzada y descompensada. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la eficacia de la asociación de bloqueante del receptor AT1 de angiotensina II al inhibidor de enzima de conversión, para la retirada de la dobutamina en pacientes con dependencia de soporte inotrópico que trascurre de la descompensación aguda de la insuficiencia cardiaca crónica. MÉTODOS: En un estudio caso-control (N = 24), seleccionamos a pacientes internados por descompensación de la insuficiencia cardiaca y con empleo por más de 15 días de dobutamina, o una o más intentos sin éxito de retirada; dosis optimizada de IECA; y FEVI < 0,45. Así que los pacientes recibieron adicionalmente BRA (n = 12) o no (control, n = 12). El desenlace fue el éxito en la retirada de la dobutamina, evaluado por la regresión logística, con p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: La fracción de eyección fue de 0,25, y la edad de 53 años, con dosis de dobutamina de 10,7 μg/kg.min. El éxito en la retirada de dobutamina ocurrió en ocho pacientes del grupo BRA (67,7 por ciento), y en dos en el grupo control (16,7 por ciento). La "odds ratio" fue de 10,0 (intervalo de confianza de 95 por ciento:1,4 a 69,3; p = 0,02). El empeoramiento de la función renal se halló similar (grupo BRA: 42 por ciento vs grupo control: 67 por ciento, p = 0,129). CONCLUSIÓN: En este estudio piloto, la asociación BRA-IECA se relacionó al éxito en la retirada de la dobutamina, en la insuficiencia cardiaca avanzada descompensada. El empeoramiento de la función ...

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We present the case of an asymptomatic 31-year-old man with perimembranous ventricular septal defect and aortic insufficiency due to a prolapsed right cusp. The ventricular septal defect was corrected with the rotation of the right cusp, and the Ross procedure was performed for the aortic insufficiency. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course. At immediate and first year follow-up examinations he presented with trivial aortic insufficiency and no residual ventricular septal defect. The patient remains asymptomatic with no medication.

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate uric acid renal excretion, hyperuricemia, renal dysfunction, and prognosis in patients with decompensated severe heart failure, as there are few data available. METHODS: One hundred and twenty-two patients, hospitalized for heart failure decompensation, in NYHA class IV, were classified into 3 groups as follows. Pilot group [ejection fraction (EF)0.45 and valvular dysfunction, n=16). The patients in groups 1 and 2 underwent assessment of creatinine and uric acid clearance before and after pyrazinamide, to estimate uric acid tubular secretion. Uric acid clearance <6.8 mL/min and secretion <170 microg/min were considered reduced. In groups 1 and pilot (n=106), mortality was analyzed by Cox regression model, and the prognostic value of hyperuricemia was assessed by ROC curve. RESULTS: In groups 1 and 2, respectively, serum uric acid was 511.7 and 422.5 micromol/L, and creatinine clearance was 46.7 and 61.4 mL/min. Uric acid clearance (3.2 vs. 3.9 mL/min) and tubular secretion (116 vs. 128 microg/min) were not different, but lower than normal values. In groups 1 and pilot, the 12-month mortality was 46.4% (CI 95%: 36.7%-56.0%). At end of follow-up, mortality was associated with impaired creatinine clearance (p<0.001), but not with hyperuricemia (p=0.236). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with decompensated severe heart failure, the tubular secretion and the clearance of uric acid were reduced. Renal dysfunction was associated with mortality, but hyperuricemia was not.

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