RESUMO

This study aimed to evaluate the replacement of soybean meal by soybean cleaning residue on performance, carcass traits and non–carcass components of finishing lambs. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design using 24 texel lambs, with average initial weight of 21.35±0.62 kg, distributed in four treatments: 1) 0% of soybean cleaning residue, 2) 25% of soybean cleaning residue, 3) 50% of soybean cleaning residue and 4) 75% of soybean cleaning residue in replacement of soybean meal. The diets were composed of 40% of roughage (50% of cassava foliage plus 50% of Panicum maximum cv aruana) plus 60% of concentrate. The performance and carcass traits and non-carcass components of the lambs were not affected by the different levels of soybean cleaning residue used in the diets. Soybean cleaning residue can be used up to 75% in replacement of soybean meal, without impairment of performance and carcasses traits.(AU)

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a substituição do farelo de soja por resíduo de limpeza de soja no desempenho, nas características e rendimento da carcaça e dos componentes não-carcaça de cordeiros confinados. O experimento foi realizado sob delineamento inteiramente casualizado, utilizando 24 cordeiros, com base genética Texel e peso médio inicial de 21,35±0,62 kg, divididos em quatro tratamentos: 1) 0% de resíduo de limpeza de soja; 2) 25% de resíduo de limpeza de soja; 3) 50% de resíduo de limpeza de soja e 4) 75% de resíduo de limpeza de soja em substituição ao farelo de soja. As dietas foram compostas de 40% de volumoso (50% feno de rama de mandioca e 50% de feno de Panicum maximum cv aruana) e 60% de ração concentrada. As características de desempenho, os componentes de carcaça e não-carcaça não foram influenciados pelos diferentes níveis de inclusão de resíduo de farelo de soja na alimentação dos ovinos. Resíduo de limpeza de soja pode ser utilizado até 75% de substituição ao farelo de soja sem prejuízos para o desempenho e características da carcaça.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study aimed to evaluate the replacement of soybean meal by soybean cleaning residue on performance, carcass traits and non–carcass components of finishing lambs. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design using 24 texel lambs, with average initial weight of 21.35±0.62 kg, distributed in four treatments: 1) 0% of soybean cleaning residue, 2) 25% of soybean cleaning residue, 3) 50% of soybean cleaning residue and 4) 75% of soybean cleaning residue in replacement of soybean meal. The diets were composed of 40% of roughage (50% of cassava foliage plus 50% of Panicum maximum cv aruana) plus 60% of concentrate. The performance and carcass traits and non-carcass components of the lambs were not affected by the different levels of soybean cleaning residue used in the diets. Soybean cleaning residue can be used up to 75% in replacement of soybean meal, without impairment of performance and carcasses traits.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a substituição do farelo de soja por resíduo de limpeza de soja no desempenho, nas características e rendimento da carcaça e dos componentes não-carcaça de cordeiros confinados. O experimento foi realizado sob delineamento inteiramente casualizado, utilizando 24 cordeiros, com base genética Texel e peso médio inicial de 21,35±0,62 kg, divididos em quatro tratamentos: 1) 0% de resíduo de limpeza de soja; 2) 25% de resíduo de limpeza de soja; 3) 50% de resíduo de limpeza de soja e 4) 75% de resíduo de limpeza de soja em substituição ao farelo de soja. As dietas foram compostas de 40% de volumoso (50% feno de rama de mandioca e 50% de feno de Panicum maximum cv aruana) e 60% de ração concentrada. As características de desempenho, os componentes de carcaça e não-carcaça não foram influenciados pelos diferentes níveis de inclusão de resíduo de farelo de soja na alimentação dos ovinos. Resíduo de limpeza de soja pode ser utilizado até 75% de substituição ao farelo de soja sem prejuízos para o desempenho e características da carcaça.

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RESUMO

Haemonchus contortus is the most prevalent and pathogenic nematode of sheep in tropical areas. The objectives of this study were to assess the frequency of the F200Y polymorphism on the ß-tubulin gene in third-stage larvae of H. contortus from 33 sheep flocks in São Paulo state, Brazil, and to associate this frequency to risk factors based on farm management practices. The resistance allele frequency varied from 9 to 74%, and the resistance genotype frequency varied from 0 to 66.7%. Resistance genotype frequencies higher than 40% were associated with multiple risk factors - new sheep farming enterprises, the absence of farm records, the use of Dorper and Suffolk breeds, rotational grazing, the lack of wetlands on farms, pasture sharing with cattle or horses, frequent incorporation of animals into the flock, semi-intensive farming systems, whole-flock treatment, failure to use the FAMACHA method, lack of the dose-and-move practice, anthelmintic rotation after each application, visual estimation of animal weight for treatment, and lack of drug combination use. It can be concluded that genotyping the F200Y polymorphism can be used to monitor the resistance in sheep flocks and the knowledge of management strategies at the farm level is important to identify drug resistance related factors.

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RESUMO

The economic importance of sheep production is increasing worldwide simultaneously with the emergence of parasitic resistance. This study aimed to survey the current situation of management practices and parasite resistance in sheep flocks in São Paulo state, Brazil. A questionnaire was given to 35 sheep farmers to obtain information related to flock management practices. Of these flocks, 30 were submitted to the fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) with at least one of the five following anthelmintics: albendazole, closantel, ivermectin, levamisole, and moxidectin, for comparison against an untreated control group. In the survey, the median number animals per flock was 301, mainly of the Santa Ines breed (in 75.8% of the flocks) and crossbred animals (in 54.5% of the flocks). The predominant farming system was semi-intensive (82.9%), using rotational grazing (80%). Selective treatment was based on FAMACHA grade (47.1%) and in clinical signs (41.2%). The most often applied anthelmintics were macrocyclic lactones (42.9-54.2% in the last three applications). Considering the anthelmintics employed in this study, 10.7% of the farms' flocks were resistant to three, 35.7% to four, and 53.6% to all five anthelmintics. The main helminth genera observed before and after treatments were Haemonchus sp. (75.8%) and Trichostrongylus sp. (19.1%), but all observed genera (Cooperia sp., Oesophagostomum sp., and Strongyloides sp.) were detected by the FECRT. Considering efficacy values less than or equal to 90% in the FECRT as resistant, 100% of flocks were resistant to albendazole and ivermectin, 96.6% to moxidectin, 92.9% to closantel, and 53.6% to levamisole. It is thus possible to conclude that multidrug resistance is widespread in sheep flocks in São Paulo state, Brazil, and this involves all prevalent helminth genera.

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RESUMO

During three consecutive years a total of 144 bull records from the Zebu breeds Nellore, Guzerah and Caracu breed, selected for post-weaning weight, finished in feedlot and slaughtered at an average age of 19 months, with three different degrees of maturity, were analyzed. Multivariate procedure (MANOVA) was used to estimate the residual correlations between body measurements and carcass traits. The model fitted the effects of genetic groups, order of slaughter and year of birth. Correlation coefficient between hip height and carcass weight was 0.37, antagonistic to the amount of kidney fat (-0.14). High correlation coefficients were estimated between chest girth and carcass weight (0.77), blade (0.57), and chuck (0.67) and positive correlations were estimated between chest girth and kidney fat (0.38) and carcass fat (0.52). The estimated correlation coefficient between body length and carcass weight was 0.38. Correlation coefficients between dorsal line length, rump length and distance among pin bones and all the meat cuts of commercial interest analyzed ranged from 0.24 to 0.56. In addition to live body weight, chest girth and distances between hip bones can be considered an auxiliary tool for evaluation of carcass traits in Zebu and Caracu bulls. Other body measurements analyzed resulted in low or null relationship to carcass traits.

Em três anos consecutivos foram analisados registros de 144 bovinos machos das raças zebuínas Nelore, Guzerá e da raça Caracu, selecionados para peso pós-desmame, terminados em confinamento e abatidos com idade média de 19 meses, em três diferentes graus de maturidade. A análise multivariada (MANOVA) foi utilizada com o objetivo de estimar as correlações residuais entre medidas corporais e características de carcaça. O modelo de ajuste incluiu os efeitos de grupos genéticos, ordem de abate e ano de nascimento. O coeficiente de correlação entre a altura na garupa e peso de carcaça foi de 0,37, sendo antagônico à quantidade de gordura renal (-0,14). Altos coeficientes de correlação foram estimados entre perímetro torácico e peso de carcaça (0,77), paleta (0,57) e acém (0,67) e correlações positivas foram estimadas entre perímetro torácico e gordura renal (0,38) e gordura na carcaça (0,52). O coeficiente de correlação estimado entre comprimento do corpo e peso de carcaça foi 0,38. Os coeficientes de correlação estimados entre comprimento do dorso, comprimento da garupa e distância entre ísquios e todos os cortes cárneos comerciais analisados variaram de 0,24 a 0,56. Além de peso vivo, o perímetro torácico e a distância entre os íleos podem ser considerados auxiliares na avaliação de características de carcaça de bovinos Zebu e Caracu. As outras medidas corporais analisadas resultaram em baixa ou nula correlação com características de carcaça.

Assuntos