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Este estudo teve o objetivo de analisar se a frequência e duração da prática de atividade física e o comportamento sedentário interferem no risco de sarcopenia em idosos frequentadores de grupos sociais. Estudo transversal, em que foram avaliados 207 idosos frequentadores de grupos sociais do município de Sarandi, estado do Paraná. Foi utilizado o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ) e o SARC-F. Os dados foram analisados por meio da estatística inferencial (p<0,05). Notou-se a prevalência de idosos com nível ativo de atividade física (93,2%) e que não apresentaram risco de sarcopenia (75,8%). Os idosos com risco de sarcopenia ficam mais tempo sentados em dias de semana do que os idosos com ausência de risco de sarcopenia (p=0,043). A duração e frequência da prática de atividade física não interferem no risco de sarcopenia. No entanto, o risco de sarcopenia está associado ao comportamento sedentário do idoso.

This study aimed to analyze whether the frequency and duration of physical activity and sedentary behavior interfere with the risk of sarcopenia in elderly attending social groups. Cross-sectional study to evaluate 207 elderly people attending social groups in the municipality of Sarandi, state of Paraná. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the SARC-F were used. Data were analyzed using inferential statistics (p<0.05). The prevalence of elderly people with active level of physical activity (93.2%) and no risk of sarcopenia (75.8%) was observed. Elderly people at risk of sarcopenia spend more time sitting on weekdays than elderly people with no risk of sarcopenia (p=0.043). Duration and frequency of physical activity do not affect the risk of sarcopenia. However, the risk of sarcopenia is associated with sedentary behavior of the elderly.

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Objective: This study investigated the psychometric properties of the Purpose in Life Scale in a sample of Brazilian older adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study applied the scale to 309 older adults (mean age = 69.33 ± 7.47 years) residing in the city of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. Data analysis was conducted through confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability, and factor invariance (p < 0.05). Results: Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that items 2, 3, 5, 6, and 9 had a factor loading below 0.50 and should be excluded. The 1-factor model with 5 items showed acceptable reliability. Multigroup analysis revealed that the configurational, metric, and structural invariance of the 1-factor model with 5 items was acceptable for both men and women. Conclusion: Although the Brazilian version of Purpose in Life Scale presented acceptable psychometric properties in a reduced model with 5 items, there were limitations that should be explored in the future.

Objetivo: Este estudo investigou as propriedades psicométricas da Escala de Propósito de Vida em idosos brasileiros. Metodologia: Estudo transversal realizado com 309 idosos (média de idade = 69,33 ± 7,47 anos) residentes na cidade de Maringá, estado do Paraná, Brasil. Foi utilizada a Escala de Propósito de Vida. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio de análise fatorial confirmatória (CFA), alfa de Cronbach, confiabilidade composta e invariância fatorial (p < 0,05). Resultados: O CFA revelou que os itens 2, 3, 5, 6 e 9 apresentaram carga fatorial abaixo de 0,50 e devem ser excluídos. O modelo de um fator com cinco itens apresentou ajuste aceitável. A análise multigrupo revelou que a invariância configuracional, métrica e estrutural do modelo de um fator com cinco itens era aceitável para homens e mulheres. Conclusão: A versão brasileira da Escala de Propósito de Vida apresentou propriedades psicométricas aceitáveis em um modelo reduzido, com cinco itens; no entanto, mostrou limitações que devem ser exploradas no futuro. Palavras-chave: envelhecimento; qualidade de vi

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Objective: To assess the effects of order of resistance training (RT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on functional capacity, blood pressure, and body composition in middle-aged and older women. Methods: Twenty-two participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups: RT followed by HIIT (RT-HIIT, n = 10, mean age 64.5 ± 7.9 years) or HIIT followed by RT (HIIT-RT, n = 10, mean age 59.32 ± 4.44 years). Both groups trained twice a week for 8 weeks. RT was composed of 7 exercises for the upper and lower body. HIIT was composed of alternate pairings of high-intensity (> 85% of maximum heart rate [MHR]) and moderate-intensity (60% MHR) running. Results: A time effect was found for upper-body muscle endurance (HIIT-RT = +9.43%; RT-HIIT = +6.16%), agility and dynamic balance (HIIT-RT = -5.96%; RT-HIIT = -8.57%), and cardiorespiratory fitness (HIIT-RT = +5.14%; RT-HIIT = +6.13%), with no difference between groups. Body composition and blood pressure did not change throughout the investigation for either group. Conclusion: Eight weeks of a combined HIIT and RT exercise program improved functional capacity of middle-aged and older women without altering blood pressure and body composition, regardless of the order of exercises.

Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos da ordem do treinamento resistido (TR) e do treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade (HIIT) sobre a capacidade funcional, pressão arterial e composição corporal em mulheres de meia-idade e idosas. Metodologia: Vinte e duas mulheres foram aleatoriamente designadas em dois grupos: um grupo realizou TR seguido por HIIT (TR-HIIT, n = 10, 64,5 ± 7,94 anos) e outro grupo realizou HIIT seguido por TR (HIIT-TR, n = 10, 59,32 ± 4,44 anos). Ambos os grupos treinaram duas vezes por semana durante oito semanas. O TR foi composto por sete exercícios para a parte superior e inferior do corpo. O HIIT foi composto de pares alternados de corrida de alta intensidade (> 85% da frequência cardíaca máxima [FCM]) e intensidade moderada (60% FCM). Resultados: Foi encontrado um efeito dos programas de exercício para a resistência muscular de membros superiores do corpo (HIIT-TR = +9.43%; TR-HIIT = +6.16%), agilidade e equilíbrio dinâmico (HIIT-TR = -5,96%; TR-HIIT = -8.57%) e aptidão cardiorrespiratória (HIIT-TR = +5.14%; TR-HIIT = +6.13%), sem diferença entre os grupos. A composição corporal e a pressão arterial não se alteraram ao longo da investigação em nenhum dos grupos. Conclusão: Oito semanas de um programa combinado de exercícios de HIIT e de TR proporcionaram melhora na capacidade funcional de mulheres de meia-idade e idosas, sem alterar a pressão arterial e a composição corporal, independente da ordem de execução.

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Abstract Aim: to compare the impact of different resistance exercise orders on postexercise hemodynamic measures in resistance-trained nonhypertensive middle-aged and older women. Methods: Twenty-three women (age 50-78 yrs) were randomized into two resistance training (RT) groups: one group started training sessions performing multi-joint exercises followed by single-joint exercises (MS, n = 12; 58.92 ± 5.53 yrs), while the other group performed their sessions in the opposite order (SM, n = 11; 57.93 ± 11.89 yrs). Both groups performed their RT sessions composed of 7 exercises performed in 3 sets of 10-15 repetitions maximum. Blood pressure was measured by automated equipment during pre-training and at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min after the training session. Results: Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) identified an isolated effect of time only for systolic blood pressure (p = 0.003) with statistically significant reductions in pre-session measurement at 60 min post-session in both groups (MS: 117.67 ± 15.89 mmHg vs. 111.25 ± 11.84 mmHg and SM: 118.64 ± 15.13 mmHg vs. 111.50 ± 15.62 mmHg). Regarding diastolic blood pressure and subjective perception of effort, no difference was identified between groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: We conclude that a RT session can promote post-exercise hypotension for systolic blood pressure after 60 min of recovery in middle-aged and nonhypertensive older women regardless of the exercise order.

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O presente estudo transversal teve como objetivo identificar os fatores sociodemográficos e de saúde intervenientes na funcionalidade e atividade física de 654 idosos usuários das Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBSs) de Maringá, Paraná, Brasil. Utilizou-se questionário de perfil sociodemográfico e de saúde, o International Physical Activity Questionnaire, e o WHODAS 2.0. A análise dos dados foi feita por meio do teste Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Kruskal-Wallis e "U" de Mann-Whitney (p<0,05). As mulheres realizam mais atividades moderadas por dia (p=0,039) e por semana (p=0,048). Os homens possuem menos dificuldades de compreensão e comunicação (p=0,011), mobilidade (p=0,001), atividades da vida diária (p=0,004), participação social (p=0,023) e melhor funcionalidade total (p= 0,001). Idosos de 70 a 79 anos apresentam melhor funcionalidade do que os mais jovens e os com 80 anos ou mais (p=0,032). Sexo, faixa etária e histórico de quedas são intervenientes na duração e frequência da prática de atividade física dos idosos e em sua funcionalidade.

This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the sociodemographic and health factors involved in functionality and physical activity of 654 elderly users of Basic Health Units in Maringá, state of Paraná, Brazil. The sociodemographic and health profile questionnaire, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and the WHODAS 2.0 were used. Data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests (p<0.05). Women perform more moderate activities per day (p=0.039) and per week (p= 0.048). Men have less understanding and communication difficulties (p=0.011), mobility (p=0.001), activities of daily living (p=0.004), social participation (p=0.023) and better overall functionality (p=0.001). Elderly from 70 to 79 years old have better functionality than younger and those aged 80 or over (p=0.032). Gender, age group and history of falls are interfering with the duration and frequency of physical activity, as well as their functionality.

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We aimed to characterize the age of onset of training, age at menarche, menstrual periodicity, and performance perception during the menstrual cycle and examined the impact of these reproductive variables on body composition, morphology, and body weight satisfaction in Brazilian elite futsal players. The study consisted of 115 female Brazilian elite futsal players from the top national teams. Data were collected during the twentieth Women's Brazil Futsal Cup. Players were interviewed and self-reported their age of onset of training, age at menarche, menstrual periodicity, and the menstrual period, where they performed best. We also asked for what they considered to be their ideal body weight as well as information related to their training (i.e., volume and frequency). Subsequently, anthropometric measurements (i.e., body mass, height, circumferences, diameters, and skinfold thickness) were performed to estimate the body composition and determine morphological characteristics (e.g., somatotype). Fifty-nine (53.2%) players were postmenarche-trained and 52 (46.8%) were premenarche-trained. Eighteen (16.2%), 65 (58.6%), and 28 (25.2%) were classified as early, normal, and late menarche, respectively. Only 11 (9.6%) and 1 (0.9%) had irregular menstrual cycles and were amenorrheic, respectively. Seventy-three (69.5%), 23 (21.9%), and 9 (8.6%) reported that their game performance was the best at the follicular phase, menses, and luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, respectively. No associations between the four reproductive-related variables were found. Postmenarche-trained players had significant lower age at menarche and higher percentage body fat. The somatotype profile registered lower ectomorphy rate for the postmenarche-trained participants after controlling for covariates. Early menarche group presented higher sum of six skinfold thickness and endomorphy rate compared to normal and late menarche groups. No differences were found when menstrual periodicity groups and best performance groups were compared, except for higher femur width in the regular menstrual cycle group compared to the irregular one. The association between body weight satisfaction and the four reproductive-related variables were not observed. Premenarche-trained Brazilian elite futsal players had the menarche later than the postmenarche-trained athletes. Most of the participants had menarche age classified as "normal," presented "regular" menstrual cycles and perceived to perform better during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle.

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This study aimed to assess the factors associated with the risk of sarcopenia in older adults who attend social groups. This is a cross-sectional conducted with 207 older adults. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the SARC-f ques-tionnaire were used as instruments. Data analysis was carried out by using the chi-squared test and the Binary Logistic Regression (p < 0.05). The results showed a significant association of the risk of sarcopenia with the education level (p = 0,016). There was a significant difference among the groups in self-perceived health (p = 0.001), health perception compared to older adults of the same age (p = 0.001), amount of medications used (p = 0.001), history of falls (p = 0.001) and near-falls (p = 0.001). No significant difference was found in the risk of sarcopenia with level of physical activity. When comparing the ratios of diseases reported according to the risk of sarcopenia, there was a significant difference in heart disease (p = 0.001), systemic arterial hypertension (p = 0.001), stroke (p = 0.001), diabetes (p = 0.049), osteoarthritis (p = 0.001), lung disease (p = 0.034), depression (p = 0.001) and osteoporosis (p = 0.001). The logistic regression revealed that the older adults who had no history of falls and reported no heart disease, lung disease, depression or osteoporosis were more likely to have no risk of sarcopenia. Therefore, it was concluded that the education level and health conditions reported by the older adults can be considered as factors associated with the risk of sarcopenia. The level of physical activity is not a factor associated with the indication of sarcopenia

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os fatores associados ao risco de sarcopenia em idosos que frequentam grupos sociais. Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com 207 idosos. Utilizaram-se como instrumento os questionários sociodemográficos, o International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) e o SARC-f. A análise dos dados foi realizada pelo teste do qui-quadrado e pela regressão logística binária (p < 0,05). Os resultados mostraram associação significante do risco de sarcopenia com o nível de escolaridade (p = 0,016). Houve diferença significante entre os grupos com e sem risco de sarcopenia em relação à autopercepção de saúde (p = 0,001), percepção de saúde em comparação com idosos da mesma idade (p = 0,001), quantidade de medicamentos utilizados (p = 0,001), histórico de quedas (p = 0,001) e quase quedas (p = 0,001). Não foi encontrada diferença significativa do risco de sarcopenia com nível de atividade física. Ao comparar as proporções de doenças relatadas de acordo com o risco de sarcopenia, houve diferença significante entre cardio-patia (p = 0,001), hipertensão arterial sistêmica (p = 0,001), acidente vascular cerebral (p = 0,001), diabetes ( p = 0,049), osteoartrite (p = 0,001), doença pulmonar (p = 0,034), depressão (p = 0,001) e osteoporose (p = 0,001). A regressão logística revelou que os idosos que não tinham histórico de quedas e não relataram cardiopatia, doença pulmonar, depressão ou osteoporose apresentaram maior probabilidade de não ter risco de sarcopenia. Concluiu-se que o nível de escolaridade e as condições de saúde relatadas pelos idosos podem ser considerados fatores associados ao risco de sarcopenia. O nível de atividade física não é um fator associado ao risco de sarcopenia

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The present study aimed to analyze the prevalence of the Hypertriglyceridemic Waist (HTW ) and its rates with levels of physical activity, nutritional status and lipid profile of students from public schools. The 448 schoolchildren aged 10 to 18 years old were analyzed for body mass, height, BMI (waist circumference), triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, non-HDL cholesterol, fast-ing blood glucose and weekly physical activity time. The survey results showed a high prevalence of the HTW phenotype in schoolchildren (n = 125; 27.9%). The group diagnosed with phenotype has higher body mass, BMI, total cholesterol, LDL-C and non-HDL cholesterol and a lower level of HDL-C about the group without a diagnosis of the phenotype. However, for fasting blood glucose measurements and time of physical activity, the groups are no different. An association analysis using logistic regression showed the HTW phenotype associated with sex, nutritional status, and total cho-lesterol, where boys presented 2.0 (95%CI: 1.3 - 3.2); obese 6.2 (95%CI: 2.7 - 17.2) and cholesterol levels above 150 mg/dL 3.5 (95%CI: 2.1 - 5.7) times more likely to have the phenotype. In this way, the present research showed a high prevalence of HTW in schoolchildren from public schools, with boys, obese and schoolchildren with total cholesterol levels, the individuals most likely to have the phenotype. However, it is worth emphasizing the importance of monitoring these variables through-out the year in all courses, given the period of strong, biological, behavioral and psychological chang-es, as they can quickly change the values of the analyzed variables

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a prevalência do fenótipo Cintura Hipertrigliceridêmica e suas associações com os níveis de atividade física, estado nutricional e perfil lipídico de escolares da rede pública de ensino. Os 448 escolares com idade entre 10 e 18 anos foram analisados pela massa corporal, estatura, índice de massa corporal (IMC), circunferência de cintura, triglicerídeos, colesterol total, HDL-C, LDL-C, colesterol não HDL, glicemia em jejum e tempo de atividade física semanal. Os resultados evidenciaram uma alta prevalência do fenótipo CHT nos escolares (n = 125; 27,9%). O grupo diagnosticado com fenótipo apresentou maior massa corporal, IMC, colesterol total, LDL-C e colesterol não HDL e menor nível de HDL-C em relação ao grupo sem o diagnóstico do fenótipo. Porém, para medidas de glicemia em jejum e tempo de atividade física os grupos não se diferiram. A análise de associação por meio de regressão logística, mostrou que o fenótipo CHT associou-se com o sexo, estado nutricional e colesterol total, onde os meninos apresentaram 2,0 (IC95%:1,3 - 3,2); obesos 6,2 (IC95%: 2,7 - 17,2) e níveis de colesterol acima 150 mg/dL 3,5 (IC95%: 2,1 - 5,7) vezes mais chances de terem o fenótipo. Logo, essa pesquisa evidenciou uma alta prevalência de CHT em escolares da rede pública, sendo os meninos, obesos e escolares com níveis de colesterol total inadequado os sujeitos com maiores chances de terem o fenótipo. Todavia, destaca-se a importância do acompanhamento dessas variáveis ao longo do ano em todos os escolares, considerando o período de fortes mudanças pelas quais podem alterar rapidamente os elementos analisados

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This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the psychological factors that might predict the sedentary behavior of 654 older adults from the South Region of Brazil. The participants were evaluated by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire; Mini-Mental State Exam; Geriatric Anxiety Scale; and the scales Geriatric Depression, Purpose in Life, Perceived Stress, Rosenberg Self-Esteem, and Satisfaction with Life. Data analysis was conducted through Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis (p < .05). No significant (p > .05) correlation was found between the sedentary behavior variables with self-esteem. Multiple regression analysis revealed that psychological variables explained 6% of the variance of sitting time during the week (R2 = .06; F = 11.546; p < .01). Depression showed a positive prediction (ß = -0.10; p = .040), while life satisfaction (ß = -0.16; p = .001) and purpose in life (ß = -0.10; p = .026) showed negative prediction. Psychological variables predicted only 3% of the variance of sitting time during the weekend (R2 = .03; F = 5.629; p < .01), showing that life satisfaction had significant (p = .007) and negative (ß = -0.13) association. Life satisfaction and purpose in life can be considered protector factors to sedentary behavior, while depression is a potentiating factor.

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OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze changes in the daily routine and life perceptions of older adults due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study conducted with 338 older adults (93 men and 238 women) residing in southern Brazil. An online questionnaire consisting of 20 questions was created using the Google Forms platform and was distributed to older adults (> 60 years of age) during the isolation period caused by the coronavirus disease pandemic. Data analysis was conducted through Student's-t and χ2 tests. RESULTS: Our results showed a significant association between social isolation and sex (p < 0.01), revealing that women experienced higher levels of social isolation than men. We observed that 82.21% of the older adults participating in this study reported changes in their social routines during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS: During this period of extended social isolation, women reported more negative effects than men.

OBJETIVO: Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as alterações perceptivas em idosos em decorrência da pandemia de COVID-19. METODOLOGIA: Estudo transversal realizado com 338 idosos (93 homens e 238 mulheres), residentes na região sul do Brasil. Um questionário online criado na plataforma Google Forms®, composto por 20 questões, foi aplicado aos idosos no período de isolamento devido à pandemia do COVID-19. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio do teste t de Student e teste do χ2 . RESULTADOS: Encontrou-se uma associação significativa entre isolamento social e sexo (p < 0,01), revelando que as mulheres vivenciaram maior isolamento social do que os homens. Observa-se que 82,21% dos idosos relataram mudança na rotina social durante a pandemia. CONCLUSÕES: Durante esse período de isolamento social prolongado, as mulheres mostraram mais efeitos negativos do que os homens.

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