RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: ITGAM has consistently been associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in many ethnically diverse populations. However, in populations with higher Amerindian ancestry (like Yucatan) or highly admixed population (like Mexican), ITGAM has seldom been evaluated (except few studies where patients with childhood-onset SLE were included). In addition, ITGAM has seldom been evaluated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, we evaluated whether four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), located within ITGAM, were associated with SLE and RA susceptibility in patients from Mexico. METHODS: Our study consisted of 1,462 individuals, which included 363 patients with SLE (292 from Central Mexico and 71 from Yucatan), and 621 healthy controls (504 from Central Mexico and 117 from Yucatan). Our study also included 478 patients with RA from Central Mexico. TaqMan assays were used to obtain the genotypes of the four SNPs: rs34572943 (G/A), rs1143679 (G/A), rs9888739 (C/T), and rs1143683 (C/T). We also verified the genotypes by Sanger sequencing. Fisher's exact test and permutation test were employed to evaluate the distribution of genotype, allele, and haplotype between patients and controls. RESULTS: Our data show that all four ITGAM SNPs are significantly associated with susceptibility to SLE using both genotypic and allelic association tests (corrected for multiple testing, but not for population stratification). A second study carried out in patients from Yucatan, a southeastern part of Mexico (with a high Amerindian ancestry), also replicated SLE association with all four SNPs, including the functional SNP, rs1143679 (OR = 24.6 and p = 9.3X10-6). On the other hand, none of the four SNPs are significant in RA after multiple testing. Interestingly, the GACC haplotype, which carries the ITGAM rs1143679 (A) minor allele, showed an association with protection against RA (OR = 0.14 and p = 3.0x10-4). CONCLUSION: Our data displayed that ITGAM is a risk factor to SLE in individuals of Mexican population. Concurrently, a risk haplotype in ITGAM confers protection against RA.
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Artrite Reumatoide/genética , Antígeno CD11b/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/genética , Adulto , Alelos , Artrite Reumatoide/imunologia , Antígeno CD11b/imunologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos de Coortes , Análise Mutacional de DNA , Feminino , Voluntários Saudáveis , Humanos , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/imunologia , México , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/imunologia , Fatores de Proteção , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Introducción: La infección por el virus del Zika (ZIKV) es, en la mayoría de los casos, asinto-mática o se presenta como una enfermedad leve y auto-limitada, principalmente con erupción cutánea, fiebre, artralgias y conjuntivitis. Sin embargo, en algunos pacientes puede producir efectos graves en el sistema nervioso, entre los cuales se destaca el síndrome de Guillain-Ba-rré (SGB), una polirradiculoneuropatía aguda, con características autoinmunes y, por lo ge-neral, desmielinizante. Objetivo: Realizar el primer estudio de asociación del genoma com-pleto en pacientes con infección por ZIKV y en aquellos que desarrollaron SGB post-viral.
Assuntos
Síndrome de Guillain-Barré , Desaminase APOBEC-3G , Zika virusRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with a strong genetic component. We undertook the present work to perform the first genome-wide association study on individuals from the Americas who are enriched for Native American heritage. METHODS: We analyzed 3,710 individuals from the US and 4 countries of Latin America who were diagnosed as having SLE, and healthy controls. Samples were genotyped with HumanOmni1 BeadChip. Data on out-of-study controls genotyped with HumanOmni2.5 were also included. Statistical analyses were performed using SNPtest and SNPGWA. Data were adjusted for genomic control and false discovery rate. Imputation was performed using Impute2 and, for classic HLA alleles, HiBag. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated. RESULTS: The IRF5-TNPO3 region showed the strongest association and largest OR for SLE (rs10488631: genomic control-adjusted P [Pgcadj ] = 2.61 × 10(-29), OR 2.12 [95% CI 1.88-2.39]), followed by HLA class II on the DQA2-DQB1 loci (rs9275572: Pgcadj = 1.11 × 10(-16), OR 1.62 [95% CI 1.46-1.80] and rs9271366: Pgcadj = 6.46 × 10(-12), OR 2.06 [95% CI 1.71-2.50]). Other known SLE loci found to be associated in this population were ITGAM, STAT4, TNIP1, NCF2, and IRAK1. We identified a novel locus on 10q24.33 (rs4917385: Pgcadj = 1.39 × 10(-8)) with an expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) effect (Peqtl = 8.0 × 10(-37) at USMG5/miR1307), and several new suggestive loci. SLE risk loci previously identified in Europeans and Asians were corroborated. Local ancestry estimation showed that the HLA allele risk contribution is of European ancestral origin. Imputation of HLA alleles suggested that autochthonous Native American haplotypes provide protection against development of SLE. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that studying admixed populations provides new insights in the delineation of the genetic architecture that underlies autoimmune and complex diseases.
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Indígena Americano ou Nativo do Alasca/genética , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/genética , Argentina , Antígeno CD11b/genética , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Chile , Cromossomos Humanos Par 10/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Feminino , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Antígenos HLA-DQ/genética , Cadeias beta de HLA-DQ/genética , Haplótipos , Humanos , Fatores Reguladores de Interferon , Quinases Associadas a Receptores de Interleucina-1/genética , Masculino , México , ATPases Mitocondriais Próton-Translocadoras/genética , NADPH Oxidases/genética , Razão de Chances , Peru , Análise de Componente Principal , Fator de Transcrição STAT4/genética , Estados Unidos , População Branca/genética , beta CarioferinasRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common autoimmune arthropathy worldwide. The increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in RA is not fully explained by classic risk factors. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of rs1058587 SNP within GDF15(MIC1) gene on the risk of CVD in a Colombian RA population. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional analytical study in which 310 consecutive Colombian patients with RA and 228 age- and sex-matched controls were included and assessed for variables associated with CVD. The mixed cluster methodology based on multivariate descriptive methods such as principal components analysis and multiple correspondence analyses and regression tree (CART) predictive model were performed. RESULTS: Of the 310 patients, 87.4% were women and CVD was reported in 69.5%. Significant differences concerning GDF15 polymorphism were not observed between patients and controls. Mean arterial pressure, current smoking, and some clusters were significantly associated with CVD. CONCLUSION: GDF15 (rs1058587) does not influence the development of CVD in the population studied.
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Artrite Reumatoide/genética , Doenças Cardiovasculares/etiologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/genética , Fator 15 de Diferenciação de Crescimento/genética , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , América Latina , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Many autoimmune diseases (ADs) share similar underlying pathology and have a tendency to cluster within families, supporting the involvement of shared susceptibility genes. To date, most of the genetic variants associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) susceptibility also show association with others ADs. ITGAM and its associated 'predisposing' variant (rs1143679, Arg77His), predicted to alter the tertiary structures of the ligand-binding domain of ITGAM, may play a key role for SLE pathogenesis. The aim of this study is to examine whether the ITGAM variant is also associated with other ADs. We evaluated case-control association between rs1143679 and ADs (N=18,457) including primary Sjögren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, celiac disease, and type-1 diabetes. We also performed meta-analyses using our data in addition to available published data. Although the risk allele 'A' is relatively more frequent among cases for each disease, it was not significantly associated with any other ADs tested in this study. However, the meta-analysis for systemic sclerosis was associated with rs1143679 (p(meta)=0.008). In summary, this study explored the role of ITGAM in general autoimmunity in seven non-lupus ADs, and only found association for systemic sclerosis when our results were combined with published results. Thus ITGAM may not be a general autoimmunity gene but this variant may be specifically associated with SLE and systemic sclerosis.
Assuntos
Doenças Autoimunes/genética , Antígeno CD11b/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Doenças Autoimunes/epidemiologia , Análise Mutacional de DNA , Europa (Continente) , Frequência do Gene , Estudos de Associação Genética , Genótipo , Humanos , América Latina , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo ÚnicoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Recent studies have identified several common genes associated with multiple autoimmune diseases that support the hypothesis of the presence of shared or general autoimmunity genes. However, most of this work has been performed in populations of white origin. The main objectives of this study are to replicate the genotype-phenotype correlation between 19 such variants and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and to evaluate gene-gene interactions between these genes in individuals from an ethnically homogenous nonwhite Colombian population. METHODS: Nineteen single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) from 16 genes/loci were genotyped in 353 RA cases and 368 controls. For each SNP, allelic and genotype-based association tests were applied to evaluate genotype-phenotype correlation. Permutation-based tests were used to validate the statistical significance. Gene-gene interactions were assessed by logistic regression. RESULTS: We replicated the genetic association with rs13277113 (p = 0.0009, OR 1.46) and rs2736340 (p = 0.0001, OR 1.63) from C8orf13-BLK (8p23.1, associated with RA and systemic lupus erythematosus), and rs763361 (p = 0.03) from CD226 (18q22.3, associated with multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes) in the Colombian population. The population-attributable risks were estimated as 27%, 34%, and 16% for rs13277113, rs2736340, and rs763361, respectively. We also detected evidence for gene-gene interaction between SNP in MMEL1 (rs3890745) and C80rf13-BLK (rs13277113; p = 0.0002). CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that the IL2/IL21 region, C8orf13-BLK, and CD226 influence RA in Colombians, and RA shares some of the pathogenic mechanisms associated with other autoimmune diseases.
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Artrite Reumatoide/genética , Epistasia Genética/imunologia , Loci Gênicos/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença/genética , Artrite Reumatoide/etnologia , Artrite Reumatoide/imunologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Colômbia/etnologia , Feminino , Estudos de Associação Genética/métodos , Variação Genética/imunologia , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla/métodos , Hispânico ou Latino/genética , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Recently, a non-synonymous (Gly307Ser) variant, rs763361, in the CD226 gene was shown to be associated with multiple autoimmune diseases (ADs) in European Caucasian populations. However, shared autoimmunity with CD226 has not been evaluated in non-European populations. The aim of the present study is to assess the association of this single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with ADs in non-European populations. METHODS: To replicate this association in non-European populations, we evaluated case-control association between rs763361 and coeliac disease (CED) samples from Argentina; SLE, RA, type-1 diabetes (T1D) and primary SS (pSS) from Colombia; and SLE samples from China and Japan. We genotyped rs763361 and evaluated its genetic association with multiple ADs, using chi(2)-test. For each association, odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI were calculated. RESULTS: We show that rs763361 is significantly associated with Argentinean CED (P = 0.0009, OR = 1.60). We also observed a trend of possible association with Chinese SLE (P = 0.01, OR = 1.19), RA (P = 0.047, OR = 1.25), SLE (P = 0.0899, OR = 1.24) and pSS (P = 0.09, OR = 1.33) in Colombians. Meta-analyses for SLE (using our three populations) and T1D (our population and three published populations) yielded significant association with rs763361, P = 0.009 (OR = 1.16) and P = 1.1.46 x 10(-9) (OR = 1.14), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that the coding variant rs763361 in CD226 gene is associated with multiple ADs in non-European populations.
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Antígenos de Diferenciação de Linfócitos T/genética , Doenças Autoimunes/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença/genética , Argentina , Povo Asiático/genética , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Colômbia , Frequência do Gene , Genótipo , Humanos , Estatística como Assunto , População Branca/genéticaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Autoimmune diseases often have susceptibility genes in common, indicating similar molecular mechanisms. Increasing evidence suggests that rs6822844 at the IL2-IL21 region is strongly associated with multiple autoimmune diseases in individuals of European descent. This study was undertaken to attempt to replicate the association between rs6822844 and 6 different immune-mediated diseases in non-European populations, and to perform disease-specific and overall meta-analyses using data from previously published studies. METHODS: We evaluated case-control associations between rs6822844 and celiac disease (CD) in subjects from Argentina; rheumatoid arthritis (RA), type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in subjects from Colombia; and Behçet's disease (BD) in subjects from Turkey. Allele and gene distributions were compared between cases and controls. Meta-analyses were performed using data from the present study and previous studies. RESULTS: We detected significant associations of rs6822844 with SLE (P = 0.008), type 1 DM (P = 0.014), RA (P = 0.019), and primary SS (P = 0.033) but not with BD (P = 0.34) or CD (P = 0.98). We identified little evidence of population differentiation (F(ST) = 0.01) within cases and controls from Argentina and Colombia, suggesting that association was not influenced by population substructure. Disease-specific meta-analysis indicated significant association for RA (P(meta) = 3.61 x 10(-6)), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD; Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis) (P(meta) = 3.48 x 10(-12)), type 1 DM (P(meta) = 5.33 x 10(-5)), and CD (P(meta) = 5.30 x 10(-3)). Overall meta-analysis across all autoimmune diseases reinforced association with rs6822844 (23 data sets; P(meta) = 2.61 x 10(-25), odds ratio 0.73 [95% confidence interval 0.69-0.78]). CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that there is an association between rs6822844 and multiple autoimmune diseases in non-European populations. Meta-analysis results strongly reinforce this robust association across multiple autoimmune diseases in both European-derived and non-European populations.
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Doenças Autoimunes/etnologia , Doenças Autoimunes/genética , Interleucina-2/genética , Interleucinas/genética , Argentina/epidemiologia , Artrite Reumatoide/etnologia , Artrite Reumatoide/genética , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Colômbia/epidemiologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/etnologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença/etnologia , Genótipo , Humanos , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/etnologia , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/genética , Fenótipo , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Síndrome de Sjogren/etnologia , Síndrome de Sjogren/genética , Turquia/epidemiologiaRESUMO
We recently identified a novel non-synonymous variant, rs1143679, at exon 3 of the ITGAM gene associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) susceptibility in European-Americans (EAs) and African-Americans. Using genome-wide association approach, three other studies also independently reported an association between SLE susceptibility and ITGAM or ITGAM-ITGAX region. The primary objectives of this study are to assess whether single or multiple causal variants from the same gene or any nearby gene(s) are involved in SLE susceptibility and to confirm a robust ITGAM association across nine independent data sets (n = 8211). First, we confirmed our previously reported association of rs1143679 (risk allele 'A') with SLE in EAs (P = 1.0 x 10(-8)) and Hispanic-Americans (P = 2.9 x 10(-5)). Secondly, using a comprehensive imputation-based association test, we found that ITGAM is one of the major non-human leukocyte antigen susceptibility genes for SLE, and the strongest association for EA is the same coding variant rs1143679 (log(10)Bayes factor=20, P = 6.17 x 10(-24)). Thirdly, we determined the robustness of rs1143679 association with SLE across three additional case-control samples, including UK (P = 6.2 x 10(-8)), Colombian (P = 3.6 x 10(-7)), Mexican (P = 0.002), as well as two independent sets of trios from UK (P(TDT) = 1.4 x 10(-5)) and Mexico (P(TDT) = 0.015). A meta-analysis combing all independent data sets greatly reinforces the association (P(meta) = 7.1 x 10(-50), odds ratio = 1.83, 95% confidence interval = 1.69-1.98, n = 10 046). However, this ITGAM association was not observed in the Korean or Japanese samples, in which rs1143679 is monomorphic for the non-risk allele (G). Taken together along with our earlier findings, these results demonstrate that the coding variant, rs1143679, best explains the ITGAM-SLE association, especially in European- and African-derived populations, but not in Asian populations.
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Antígeno CD11b/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , Alelos , Povo Asiático/genética , Teorema de Bayes , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Colômbia , Demografia , Feminino , Haplótipos , Hispânico ou Latino/genética , Humanos , Japão , Coreia (Geográfico) , Desequilíbrio de Ligação/genética , Masculino , Metanálise como Assunto , México , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Reino Unido , População Branca/genéticaRESUMO
Friedreich ataxia accounts for approximately 75% of European recessive ataxia patients. Approximately 98% of pathogenic chromosomes have large expansions of a GAA triplet repeat in the FRDA gene (E alleles), and strong linkage disequilibrium among polymorphisms spanning the FRDA locus indicates a common origin for all European E alleles. In contrast, we found that only 14 of 151 (9.3%) Mexican Mestizo patients with recessive ataxia were homozygous for E alleles. Analysis of polymorphisms spanning the FRDA locus revealed that all Mestizo E alleles had the common European haplotype, indicating that they share a single origin. Genetic admixture levels were determined, which revealed that the relative contributions to the Mestizo FRDA gene pool by Native American and European genes were 76-87% and 13-24%, respectively, commensurate with the observed low prevalence of Friedreich ataxia in Mestizos. This indicates that Friedreich ataxia in Mexican Mestizos is due to genetic admixture of European mutant FRDA genes in the Native American gene pool that existed prior to contact with Europeans.