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The shoulder is susceptible to disturbances caused by microtraumas due to direct contact of the surrounding skeletal structures or failure of the soft parts of the rotator cuff and other muscles inserted into the glenohumeral joint. The purpose of the study was to compare the electromyographic signal in the stabilizing muscles of the shoulder during the diagonal elevation exercise as recommended by the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) method and dumbbell exercise. This study is classified as Quase-experiment. Subjects were instructed to perform diagonal standard exercises and the electromyographic signal was detected from pectoralis muscles, middle and upper trapezius of dominant limb in each subject. We observed greater muscular recruitment when the PNF method was adopted in comparison with the dumbbell workouts for the trapezius upper and middle fiber muscles and for the major pectoralis (267,30 µv/181,02 µv; 235,76 µv/;164,47 µv; 299,87 µv/148,69 µv; P<0.001). The PNF method promotes a greater recruitment of the shoulder dynamic stabilizing muscles during diagonal elevation exercises. Being so, such kinesiotherapeutic technique may be effectively used in the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of shoulder disorders.

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BACKGROUND: Patients with a recent myocardial infarction (MI) present a reduction in functional capacity expressed as a decrease in peak oxygen consumption (Vo2 peak). The impact of a Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) cardiac rehabilitation program for patients recovering from recent MI has yet to be assessed. Our goal is to evaluate functional capacity after a TCC-based cardiac rehabilitation program in patients with recent MI. METHODS: A single-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted. The researchers who performed the tests were blinded to group allocation. Between the 14th and 21st days after hospital discharge, all patients performed a cardiopulmonary exercise testing and a laboratory blood workup. Mean age was similar (56±9 years in the TCC group and 60±9 years in the control group). Patients allocated to the intervention group performed 3 weekly sessions of TCC Beijin style for 12 weeks (n=31). The control group participated in 3 weekly sessions of full-body stretching exercises (n=30). RESULTS: After the 12-week study period, participants in the TCC group experienced a significant 14% increase in Vo2 peak from baseline (21.6 ± 5.2 to 24.6 ± 5.2 mL/kg per minute), whereas control participants had a nonsignificant 5% decline in Vo2 peak (20.4 ± 5.1 to 19.4 ± 4.4 mL/kg per minute). There was a significant difference between the 2 groups (P<.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Tai Chi Chuan practice was associated with an increase in Vo2 peak in patients with a recent MI and may constitute an effective form of cardiac rehabilitation in this patient population.

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Background: Several studies have shown that Tai Chi Chuan can improve cardiac function in patients with heart disease. Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the literature to assess the effects of Tai Chi Chuan on cardiac rehabilitation for patients with coronary artery disease. Methods: We performed a search for studies published in English, Portuguese and Spanish in the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS and Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials. Data were extracted in a standardized manner by three independent investigators, who were responsible for assessing the methodological quality of the manuscripts. Results: The initial search found 201 studies that, after review of titles and abstracts, resulted in a selection of 12 manuscripts. They were fully analyzed and of these, nine were excluded. As a final result, three randomized controlled trials remained. The studies analyzed in this systematic review included patients with a confirmed diagnosis of coronary artery disease, all were clinically stable and able to exercise. The three experiments had a control group that practiced structured exercise training or received counseling for exercise. Follow-up ranged from 2 to 12 months. Conclusion: Preliminary evidence suggests that Tai Chi Chuan can be an unconventional form of cardiac rehabilitation, being an adjunctive therapy in the treatment of patients with stable coronary artery disease. However, the methodological quality of the included articles and the small sample sizes clearly indicate that new randomized controlled trials are needed in this regard. .

Fundamento: Alguns estudos têm mostrado que o Tai Chi Chuan pode melhorar a função cardiorrespiratória de pacientes com doenças cardíacas. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura para avaliar os efeitos do Tai Chi Chuan na reabilitação cardíaca de pacientes com doença arterial coronária. Métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa nas seguintes bases de dados: MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS e Registro Cochrane de Ensaios Controlados. Foram feitas buscas por estudos publicados em inglês, português e espanhol. Os dados foram extraídos de forma padronizada, por três investigadores independentes, que foram responsáveis pela avaliação da qualidade metodológica dos manuscritos. Resultados: A busca inicial detectou 201 estudos que, após revisão de títulos e resumos, resultou na seleção de 12 manuscritos. Os mesmos foram analisados na íntegra e, destes, nove foram excluídos. Ao final, restaram três ensaios clínicos randomizados. Os estudos incluídos nessa revisão sistemática foram compostos por amostra de pacientes com diagnóstico comprovado de doença arterial coronária, todos estáveis clinicamente e capazes de se exercitar. Os três experimentos contaram com a presença de um grupo controle praticante de qualquer categoria de treinamento físico estruturado ou receberam aconselhamento para exercício físico. O tempo de acompanhamento variou de 2 a 12 meses. Conclusão: Evidências preliminares sugerem que o Tai Chi Chuan possa ser uma forma não convencional de reabilitação cardíaca, podendo ser terapêutica adjuvante no tratamento de pacientes com doença arterial coronária estável. No entanto, a qualidade metodológica dos artigos incluídos e as amostras de tamanho reduzido ...

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BACKGROUND: Several studies have shown that Tai Chi Chuan can improve cardiac function in patients with heart disease. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review of the literature to assess the effects of Tai Chi Chuan on cardiac rehabilitation for patients with coronary artery disease. METHODS: We performed a search for studies published in English, Portuguese and Spanish in the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS and Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials. Data were extracted in a standardized manner by three independent investigators, who were responsible for assessing the methodological quality of the manuscripts. RESULTS: The initial search found 201 studies that, after review of titles and abstracts, resulted in a selection of 12 manuscripts. They were fully analyzed and of these, nine were excluded. As a final result, three randomized controlled trials remained. The studies analyzed in this systematic review included patients with a confirmed diagnosis of coronary artery disease, all were clinically stable and able to exercise. The three experiments had a control group that practiced structured exercise training or received counseling for exercise. Follow-up ranged from 2 to 12 months. CONCLUSION: Preliminary evidence suggests that Tai Chi Chuan can be an unconventional form of cardiac rehabilitation, being an adjunctive therapy in the treatment of patients with stable coronary artery disease. However, the methodological quality of the included articles and the small sample sizes clearly indicate that new randomized controlled trials are needed in this regard.

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Dentre as profissões da área da saúde, a enfermagem, em particular, tem sido afetada pelos distúrbios musculoesqueléticos produzindo alterações na vida desses trabalhadores, impossibilitando-os de realizarem atividades cotidianas e laborais. Objetivo: Investigar a prevalência de dor osteomuscular e a associação com a qualidade de vida em profissionais de enfermagem que atuam em equipes de cirurgia no Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Método: Estudo transversal realizado entre março de 2011 ejaneiro de 2012, em um hospital universitário terciário do sul do Brasil. Foram avaliados 110 trabalhadores de enfermagem das equipes de cirurgia. Foram excluídos os trabalhadores em licença saúde, fériasou outro tipo de afastamento durante o período de coleta dos dados. A dor osteomuscular foi avaliada através do questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares e a qualidade de vida foi avaliada atravésdo questionário Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Item Short-Form Survey (SF-36). As relações entre dor osteomuscular e qualidade de vida foram analisadas através do Teste U de Mann-Whitney, utilizandonível de significância de 95%. Resultados: A prevalência de dor osteomuscular encontrada neste estudo foi de 91,81%. Com relação às regiões anatômicas, considerou-se as queixas de dor osteomuscular retroativo há doze meses, onde o predomínio foi de dor no pescoço (56%) e ombros (56%). Quando consideramos afastamento por dor osteomuscular encontramos a prevalência de dor lombar (34%). O grupo que não relatou dor osteomuscular apresentou melhores índices de qualidade de vida nos domínios de capacidade funcional, aspectos físicos, dor, vitalidade, aspectos sociais e saúde mental. Conclusão: A dor osteomuscular apresenta maior prevalência nas regiões do pescoço e ombros. Além disso, o maior número de afastamentos ocorre por prevalência de dor lombar entre os trabalhadores de enfermagem das equipes de cirurgia. A dor influenciou na qualidade de vida afetando seis dos domínios avaliados

Among the health professions, nursing, in particular, has been affected by musculoskeletal disorders. The WMSD produce changes in the lives of these workers, impossible of them held daily activities andlabour. Objective: Investigating the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and associated with the quality of life in nursing professionals who work in surgery teams. Method: Cross-sectional study conductedbetween March 2011 and January 2012 in a tertiary university hospital in southern Brazil. We evaluated 110 workers nursing teams. It was excluded workers on sick leave, vacation or other absence duringthe period of data collection. The musculoskeletal pain was assessed using the Nordic Musculoskeletal symptoms questionnaire the quality of life was assessed by the Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Item Short-Form Survey (SF-36). The relationship between musculoskeletal pain and quality of life were analyzed by the U of Mann-Whitney test, using a significance level of 95%. Results: The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain found in this study was 91.81%. With respect to anatomic regions, it was consideredthe complaints of musculoskeletal pain retroactive twelve months ago, where there was the predominance of neck pain (56%) and shoulders (56%). When we consider sick leaving for musculoskeletal painwe found the prevalence of low back pain (34%). The group who reported no musculoskeletal pain showed better indices of quality of life in the areas of physical functioning, physical aspect, bodily pain,vitality, social and mental health aspect. Conclusion: the higher prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in the neck and shoulder regions. Moreover, the largest number of sick leaves occurs because of the prevalenceof low back pain among nursing staff of the surgical teams. The pain influenced the quality of life affecting six of the areas assessed.

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OBJECTIVE: To compare the Cleveland Clinical Score and EuroSCORE when evaluating patients submitted to elective CABGS in Rio Grande do Sul, RS, Brazil. METHODS; This was a cohort study of 202 patients given CABGS between January 2006 and March 2007. Surgical risk was categorized according to the Cleveland Clinic Score and the EuroSCORE as low, medium or high. The incidence of deaths was measured over a 60-day period. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 62 ± 10 years and 134 (66%) of them were men. A correlation was observed between the scores for classifying patients into different levels of risk. According to the Cleveland Clinic score and the EuroSCORE, respectively, patients were categorized as follows: 142(70.3%) and 155(76.7%) low risk patients, 56(27.7%) and 43(21.3) intermediate risk patients and 4(2%) and 4(2%) high risk patients; with a Kaplan correlation coefficient of 0.432; p0.001. Thirteen (13, 6.4%) patients died during the first 60 days after surgery. There was a correlation between greater incidence of death and higher risk categories for both the Cleveland Clinic score and the EuroSCORE. Deaths occurred in the Cleveland and EuroSCORE risk groups, respectively, as follows: 6 (4.4%) and 7 (4.5%) in the low risk group; 5 (8.9%) and 5 (11.6%) in the intermediate risk group and 2 (50%) 3 1(25%) in the high risk group. Observed sensitivity for surgical mortality prediction was 72.5% and 66.5% for the Cleveland score and EuroSCORE respectively. CONCLUSION: The Cleveland Clinic and EuroSCORE surgical risk prediction instruments are both moderately effective for predicting mortality among elective CABGS patients.

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