RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Birthweight (BW) has been associated with anthropometry, body composition and physical fitness during growth and development of children. However, less is known about the mediation effect of those variables on the relationship between BW and basal metabolic rate (BMR) in children. OBJECTIVE: To analyse the mediation effect of anthropometry, body composition and physical fitness on the association between BW and BMR in children. METHODS: In total, 499 children (254 boys, 245 girls) aged 7-10 years were included. Anthropometry (weight, height, head, waist and hip circumferences), body composition (skinfolds thickness, body fat percentage), physical fitness (handgrip strength, flexibility, muscular endurance, muscular explosive power, agility, running speed) and BMR were evaluated. The analyses were conducted by: single-mediator analysis (SMA) and multi-mediator analysis (MMA). RESULTS: The SMA indicates height, head, waist and hip circumferences and handgrip strength as significant mediators of BW on BMR for boys and height, hip circumference and handgrip strength as significant mediators of BW on BMR for girls. In MMA for girls, there were significant indirect effects for height, hip circumference and handgrip strength, with 79.08% of percent mediation. For boys, the head and waist circumferences mediation had a significant indirect effect, with 83.37% of percent mediation. CONCLUSION: The anthropometric variables associated with BW were body height, head, hip and waist circumferences for boys and body height and hip circumference for girls. The current study provides new evidence that height and handgrip strength during childhood mediated the relationship between BW and BMR.
Assuntos
Metabolismo Basal , Peso ao Nascer/fisiologia , Estatura/fisiologia , Desenvolvimento Infantil/fisiologia , Aptidão Física/fisiologia , Brasil , Criança , Feminino , Força da Mão/fisiologia , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The increase in the prevalence of overweight/obesity in youth is a public health problem worldwide; however, few studies have investigated its prevalence and correlates in children from the Brazilian Northeast region rural zone. The purpose of this study was (1) to estimate the prevalence of children's weight status according to sex, age, and birth weight categories; and (2) to investigate the links between biological and behavioral factors and weight categories. METHODS: The sample comprises 501 children (248 girls), aged 7-10 years, classified as low weight, normal weight, overweight, and obese using body mass index cut-points. Predicted variables included birth weight, percentage of body fat (%BF), fat free mass (FFM), physical fitness, and gross motor coordination. RESULTS: Data showed differences among weight groups for the predictor variables. Results of the logistic regression revealed that sex, age, %BF, FFM, physical fitness, and motor coordination seem to be relevant predictors of children's weight status, while no significant effect was observed for birth weight. CONCLUSION: Children with lower physical fitness levels as well as those with lower motor coordination quotient are more likely to be overweight and/or obese. No significant relationship was observed between birth weight and weight status in childhood. Strategies to reduce childhood obesity should consider biological, behavioral, and also environmental predictors.
Assuntos
Peso Corporal , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Aptidão Física , Magreza/epidemiologia , Fatores Etários , Peso ao Nascer , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Prevalência , Fatores Sexuais , EstudantesRESUMO
Introdução: O processo de envelhecimento está associado a modificações no controle postural, com grande impacto sobre o equilíbrio, favorecendo a ocorrência de quedas. O exercício físico, por meio dos videogames ativos (VGAs), proporciona maior entretenimento e aumenta a movimentação física durante o jogo. Objetivo: Analisar o efeito de cinco semanas de intervenção com VGA sobre o equilíbrio de idosas. Métodos: Trata-se de relato de três casos de idosas com histórico de instabilidade e quedas. As voluntárias foram avaliadas pré e pós intervenção por meio do teste da Escala de Equilíbrio de Berg (EEB). A intervenção foi realizada em dias alternados durante cinco semanas, totalizando dez sessões com o VGA Kinect Adventures. Resultados: Após cinco semanas de intervenção as idosas apresentaram diminuição no risco de quedas e desempenho satisfatório no equilíbrio, alcançando a pontuação máxima na escala EEB. Conclusão: O videogame ativo mostrou ser um instrumento viável para melhora do equilíbrio e diminui o risco de quedas. (AU)
Introduction: The aging process is associated with changes in postural control with grater impact about balance, favoring falls. The physical exercises with active videogame (AVG) provide entertainment and increase the physical movement during the game. Objective: To analyze the effect of five weeks of intervention with AVG in elderly balance. Methods: The article is about three elderly cases report with instability history and falls. The volunteers were evaluated with the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) before and after the intervention, that was realized in five weeks with alternate days, totaling ten sessions with AVG Kinect Adventures. Results: After five weeks with AVG intervention the elderly showed decrease about falls risk and balance satisfactory performance, reached the maximum score in BBS. Conclusion: The AVG was a viable tool improves the elderly balance and prevent falls. (AU)