RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the need to develop an application with information about the measles vaccine for Warao indigenous people. METHODS: This was a quantitative study conducted at the Espaço de Acolhimento Tapanã refugee shelter in the city of Belém, Pará, Brazil. The study sample was selected for convenience. Data were analyzed descriptively using Bioestat 5.0 software. RESULTS: Twenty-one Warao indigenous individuals were interviewed. It was identified that 91% (n=20) had lost their vaccination card; 91% (n=20) stated they had lost their vaccination card more than three times, and 91% expressed interest in an application to store their vaccination information. CONCLUSIONS: The research provided important information for the development of a health application named WaraoMedI (Warao Measles Diversity Indigenous), as well as offered nursing professionals evidence about the challenges Warao indigenous refugees face in self-managing their vaccination information.
Assuntos
Cardiologia , Refugiados , Humanos , Vacina contra Sarampo , Brasil , Povos IndígenasRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to synthesize the evidence on the prevalence of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among undergraduate health care students. METHODS: A systematic review of prevalence with meta-analysis was conducted. Prospective and retrospective cohorts and cross-sectional studies involving probable exposure to M. tuberculosis during undergraduate education, along with the tuberculin skin test (TST) or interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) for investigation of latent tuberculosis were searched. Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, LILACS, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Independent reviewers were responsible for the selection and inclusion of studies. Data were extracted, critically appraised, and synthesized using the JBI approach. PRISMA was used to report the study. RESULTS: Twenty-two studies were analyzed. The overall prevalence in healthcare undergraduate students was 12.53%. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of LTBI in undergraduate health students was high for such a highly educated population. Screening with TST and/or IGRA and chemoprophylaxis, when necessary, should be provided to undergraduate health students when in contact with respiratory symptomatic patients.
Assuntos
Tuberculose Latente , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Humanos , Prevalência , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudos Prospectivos , Tuberculose Latente/diagnóstico , Tuberculose Latente/epidemiologia , EstudantesRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the need to develop an application with information about the measles vaccine for Warao indigenous people. Methods: This was a quantitative study conducted at the Espaço de Acolhimento Tapanã refugee shelter in the city of Belém, Pará, Brazil. The study sample was selected for convenience. Data were analyzed descriptively using Bioestat 5.0 software. Results: Twenty-one Warao indigenous individuals were interviewed. It was identified that 91% (n=20) had lost their vaccination card; 91% (n=20) stated they had lost their vaccination card more than three times, and 91% expressed interest in an application to store their vaccination information. Conclusions: The research provided important information for the development of a health application named WaraoMedI (Warao Measles Diversity Indigenous), as well as offered nursing professionals evidence about the challenges Warao indigenous refugees face in self-managing their vaccination information.
RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar la necesidad de desarrollar una aplicación con información sobre la vacuna contra el sarampión para los indígenas Warao. Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, realizado en el refugio de refugiados llamado Espacio de Acolhida Tapanã, en la ciudad de Belém, Pará, Brasil. La muestra del estudio fue por conveniencia. Los datos fueron analizados de forma descriptiva, mediante el software Bioestat 5.0. Resultados: se entrevistaron a 21 indígenas Warao. Se identificó que el 91% (n=20) perdieron su tarjeta de vacunación; el 91% (n=20) afirmó que perdió la tarjeta de vacunación más de 3 veces y el 91% afirmó que les gustaría una aplicación para guardar su información de vacunación. Conclusiones: La investigación proporcionó información importante para la construcción de una aplicación de salud llamada WaraoMedI (Warao Measles Diversity Indigenous), así como proporcionó a los profesionales de enfermería evidencia sobre las dificultades de los indígenas Warao refugiados para autogestionar información sobre vacunación
RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a necessidade de desenvolver um aplicativo com informações sobre a vacina antissarampo para indígenas Warao. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, realizado no abrigo de refugiados chamado Espaço de Acolhimento Tapanã, na cidade de Belém, Pará, Brasil. Amostra do estudo foi por conveniência. Os dados foram analisados de forma descritiva, por meio do software Bioestat 5.0. Resultados: foram entrevistados 21 indígenas Warao. Identificou-se que 91% (n=20) perderam o cartão de vacina; 91% (n=20) afirmaram que perderam o cartão de vacina mais de 3 vezes e 91% afirmaram que gostariam de um aplicativo para guardar suas informações de vacina. Conclusões: A pesquisa ofereceu informações importantes para a construção de um aplicativo em saúde chamado WaraoMedI (Warao Mesles Diversity Indigenous), assim como disponibilizou aos profissionais de enfermagem evidências sobre as dificuldades de os indígenas Warao refugiados autogerenciarem informações sobre vacina.
RESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to synthesize the evidence on the prevalence of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among undergraduate health care students. Methods: A systematic review of prevalence with meta-analysis was conducted. Prospective and retrospective cohorts and cross-sectional studies involving probable exposure to M. tuberculosis during undergraduate education, along with the tuberculin skin test (TST) or interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) for investigation of latent tuberculosis were searched. Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, LILACS, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Independent reviewers were responsible for the selection and inclusion of studies. Data were extracted, critically appraised, and synthesized using the JBI approach. PRISMA was used to report the study. Results: Twenty-two studies were analyzed. The overall prevalence in healthcare undergraduate students was 12.53%. Conclusion: The prevalence of LTBI in undergraduate health students was high for such a highly educated population. Screening with TST and/or IGRA and chemoprophylaxis, when necessary, should be provided to undergraduate health students when in contact with respiratory symptomatic patients.
RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi sintetizar as evidências sobre a prevalência de infecção de Mycobacterium tuberculosis (ILTB) entre estudantes de graduação da área da saúde. Método: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de prevalência com metanálise. Coortes prospectivas e retrospectivas e estudos transversais envolvendo provável exposição a M. tuberculosis durante a graduação, juntamente com o teste tuberculínico (TT) ou ensaio de liberação de interferon-γ (IGRA) para investigação de tuberculose latente foram pesquisados. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, LILACS, Scopus e Web of Science. Revisores independentes foram responsáveis pela seleção e inclusão dos estudos. Os dados foram extraídos, avaliados criticamente e sintetizados utilizando a abordagem JBI. PRISMA foi usado para relatar o estudo. Resultados: Vinte e dois estudos foram analisados. A prevalência geral em estudantes de graduação da área da saúde foi de 12,53%. Conclusão: A prevalência de ILTB em estudantes de graduação em saúde foi alta para uma população com alto nível de escolaridade. Triagem com TT e/ou IGRA e quimioprofilaxia, quando necessária, deve ser fornecida aos estudantes de graduação da área da saúde quando em contato com pacientes sintomáticos respiratórios.
RESUMEN Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue sintetizar la evidencia sobre la prevalencia de infección latente por Mycobacterium tuberculosis (ILTB) entre estudiantes universitarios de la salud. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la prevalencia con metanálisis. Cohortes prospectivas y retrospectivas y estudios transversales que involucran exposición probable a M tuberculosis durante la educación universitaria, junto con la prueba cutánea de tuberculina (TST) o el ensayo de liberación de interferón-γ (IGRA) para la investigación de tuberculosis latente. Las búsquedas se realizaron en las bases de datos MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, LILACS, Scopus y Web of Science. Revisores independientes fueron responsables de la selección e inclusión de los estudios. Los datos se extrajeron, se evaluaron críticamente y se sintetizaron utilizando el enfoque JBI. Se utilizó PRISMA para informar el estudio. Resultados: Se analizaron veintidós estudios. La prevalencia global en estudiantes universitarios en salud fue del 12,53%. Conclusión: La prevalencia de LTBI en estudiantes universitarios de salud fue alta para una población con un nivel educativo tan alto. Se debe proporcionar tamizaje con TST y/o IGRA y quimioprofilaxis, cuando sea necesario, a los estudiantes universitarios en salud cuando estén en contacto con pacientes sintomáticos respiratorios.
Assuntos
Humanos , Tuberculose Latente , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Estudantes , Prevalência , Metanálise , Revisão SistemáticaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: to analyze health knowledge and practices among Quilombola men. METHODS: a qualitative, descriptive study, carried out with 40 men from two Quilombola communities in Santa Izabel do Pará, state of Pará, Brazil. Individual interviews were carried out using a semi-structured script. Text corpus was subjected to analysis with Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires 0.6, alpha 3, through Descending Hierarchical Classification. RESULTS: among participants, eight (20.00%) were aged 55 to 59 years. 382 text segments were identified, with 299 (78.27%) being used, generating five lexical classes, which made up two subcorpora. The classes were organized into four thematic axes, covering knowledge about health and practices to prevent and solve health problems. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: men highlighted popular/traditional wisdom permeated by biomedical knowledge, translating their understanding of how to act to remain or become healthy.
Assuntos
Atenção à Saúde , Instalações de Saúde , Masculino , Humanos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Pesquisa Qualitativa , BrasilRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: to develop, in a participatory way, an educational technology to assist nurses in the management of tuberculosis cases in Primary Health Care. METHODS: methodological research with a qualitative approach. Data were collected between June and October 2022, in 25 Basic Health Units, with 41 nurses interviewed individually. Thematic content analysis was carried out to guide technology elaboration. RESULTS: three empirical categories were organized, demonstrating the facilities and difficulties in tuberculosis management, the conceptions about educational technology as a facilitator of the teaching-learning process in Primary Health Care and participatory development of technology. Nurses were in favor of constructing an instructional guide technology, and made suggestions to encourage its creation and use in daily service routine. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the participatory process made it possible to create technology to assist nurses in the teaching-learning process in Primary Health Care about caring for people with tuberculosis.
Assuntos
Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros , Tuberculose , Humanos , Aprendizagem , Tecnologia Educacional , Tuberculose/terapia , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Pesquisa QualitativaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the spatial pattern of human immunodeficiency virus infection in pregnant women and its correlation with socioeconomic determinants. METHOD: Ecological study, carried out with cases of human immunodeficiency virus infection in pregnant women in the state of Pará, Brazil, from 2010 to 2017. Rate analysis was performed using the empirical Bayesian method and univariate local Moran. Bivariate analyses were used to examine the correlation between infection and socioeconomic determinants. RESULTS: High rates of infection were observed in municipalities in the mesoregions of Southeast of Pará and Metropolitan area of Belém. A significant spatial correlation was found between human immunodeficiency virus infection rates in pregnant women and human development index indicators (I = 0.2836; p < 0.05), average income (I = 0.6303; p < 0.05), and illiteracy rate (I = 0.4604; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The spatial pattern of human immunodeficiency virus infection in pregnant women correlated to socioeconomic determinants highlights the need to restructure public policies for the control and prevention of AIDS virus that take into account the socioeconomic factors of this specific population and locoregional disparities in Pará.
Assuntos
Infecções por HIV , Gestantes , Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Teorema de Bayes , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Cidades , Brasil/epidemiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the Social Representations of pregnant women about high-risk pregnancy and its repercussions for prenatal care. METHOD: Qualitative study, based on the procedural aspect of the Theory of Social Representations, carried out with 62 high-risk prenatal pregnant women at a High Complexity Maternity, in Belém, PA, Brazil. Data from semi-structured interviews were processed by the software Interface de R pour les Analyzes Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires. RESULTS: Four categories emerged, in which three dimensions of the Theory composing the genesis of Social Representations are considered: the affective dimension, the biological dimension and the sociocultural dimension. CONCLUSION: Affects, negative feelings, and adaptations were revealed, with high-risk pregnancy being represented as an unusual and uncomfortable event, influenced by common sense and science, communication means, and dialogues with health professionals, with family support being considered of paramount importance. and prenatal care a propitious moment for establishing bonds with the health professional, seen as essential for their adherence to the care offered.
Assuntos
Gestantes , Cuidado Pré-Natal , Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Gestantes/psicologia , Gravidez de Alto Risco , Inquéritos e Questionários , Pesquisa QualitativaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the incidence of malaria among indigenous people associated with the presence of artisanal miningin the state of Pará. METHOD: Analytical, cross-sectional study conducted with 20,774 cases of malaria in indigenous people in the state of Pará (2011 to 2020). The data came from the Malaria Epidemiological Surveillance Information System, obtained from the Pará State Department of Public Health. In the analysis, Spearman's correlation coefficient was used, with a significance of 5% (p < 0.05). RESULTS: Incidence rates were high, especially in the Tapajós River Indigenous Special Health District (372.2/1,000 inhabitants). There was association between the incidence of malaria and the presence of indigenous people in artisanalmining activities on the Tapajós River (p=0.0008). CONCLUSION: The occurrence of malaria is unequal among the Special Indigenous Health Districts, being more frequent in those with greater mining activity, configuring exposure to the disease. It is necessary to adopt intersectoral measures, especially in areas of vulnerability to illness.
Assuntos
Malária , Humanos , Incidência , Estudos Transversais , Malária/epidemiologia , Povos IndígenasRESUMO
Objetivo: analisar as percepções de enfermeiras sobre a Monitorização Residencial da Pressão Arterial no contexto da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Métodos: estudo descritivo, qualitativo, realizado em sete Unidades de Saúde da Família de Belém, Pará, com participação de 14 enfermeiras, que atuavam no Programa HiperDia. A coleta de dados ocorreu nos meses de janeiro a março de 2017, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas individuais, empregando roteiro elaborado pelos pesquisadores. As entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritas e submetidas à técnica de análise de conteúdo. Resultados: emergiram quatro categorias temáticas, abordando os conhecimentos sobre a Monitorização Residencial da Pressão Arterial, as práticas e estratégias no manejo da pessoa com hipertensão, a importância da monitorização, os recursos e métodos para o diagnóstico da doença e as dificuldades na execução dessa monitorização. Conclusão: as enfermeiras reconheceram a importância da Monitorização Residencial da Pressão Arterial nas ações empreendidas por suas equipes, destacando a aplicação desse método na prevenção de complicações da hipertensão. Todavia, ressaltaram que a efetividade perpassa pelo uso de aparelho adequado, não disponível nos serviços. (AU)
Objective: to analyze nurses' perceptions about Home Blood Pressure Monitoring in the context of Primary Health Care. Methods: a descriptive, qualitative study, carried out in seven Family Health Care Units in Belém, Pará, in which 14 nurses, who worked in the HiperDia Program participated. Data collection was conducted from January to March 2017, through individual semi-structured interviews, using a script prepared by the researchers. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and submitted to content analysis technical procedures. Results: four thematic categories emerged, addressing knowledge about Home Blood Pressure Monitoring, the proceedings, and strategies in the management of people with hypertension, the importance of monitoring, the resources and methods for diagnosing the disease, and the difficulties in carrying out this monitoring. Conclusion: the nurses acknowledged the relevance of Home Blood Pressure Monitoring in the actions carried out by their teams, highlighting the use of this method in preventing complications of hypertension. However, they emphasized that effectiveness involves the use of an adequate device, which is not available in the services. (AU)
Objetivo: analizar las percepciones de las enfermeras sobre el Monitoreo Domiciliario de la Presión Arterial en el contexto de la Atención Primaria de Salud. Métodos: estudio descriptivo y cualitativo realizado en siete Unidades de Salud Familiar en Belém, Pará, con la participación de 14 enfermeras que trabajaron en el Programa HiperDia. La recopilación de datos tuvo lugar entre enero y marzo de 2017, mediante entrevistas individuales semiestructuradas, utilizando un guion preparado por los investigadores. Las entrevistas fueron grabadas, transcritas y sometidas a la técnica de análisis de contenido. Resultados: surgieron cuatro categorías temáticas, abordando el conocimiento sobre el control de la presión arterial en el domicilio, las prácticas y estrategias en el manejo de la persona con hipertensión, la importancia del monitoreo, los recursos y métodos para el diagnóstico de la enfermedad y las dificultades para realizar este monitoreo. Conclusión: las enfermeras reconocen la importancia del Monitoreo Domiciliario de la Presión Arterial en las acciones llevadas a cabo por sus equipos, subrayando la aplicación de este método en la prevención de las complicaciones de la hipertensión. No obstante, resaltaron que la eficacia requiere el uso de aparatos adecuados, que no están disponibles en los servicios. (AU)