RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Initial tissue sampling for diagnosis of suspected basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is typically performed using a shave biopsy technique or punch biopsy. METHODS: Our realization of no residual BCC findings after excision in some patients with biopsy-proven BCC diagnosed through a shave biopsy prompted us to conduct a retrospective study of all consecutive patients with 127 BCCs who were treated in our department between 2006 and 2012. All patients with incompletely excised BCCs after shave biopsy diagnosis were operated on by a single surgeon (R.G.), eliminating variables in preoperative evaluation and surgical technique including margin control and reconstructive approach. Patient demographics, initial BCC site, size, subtype, duration between shave biopsy and surgery, size of excision, findings of intraoperative frozen section analysis, type of closure technique, and final pathology reports were analyzed. RESULTS: There were 108 residual BCCs diagnosed after surgical excision. Most of the108 BCCs were nodular (52) or micronodular (21) subtype. Eighteen BCCs were treated with excision and primary closure. Flap procedure was performed in 64 BCCs after excision. Twenty-six defects after excision were reconstructed using skin grafts. There was no evidence of residual BCC in 15% of BCCs (19 patients) after surgical treatment. In other words, shave biopsy was found to be curative in 15% of BCCs. Seven patients in no residual BCC group received excision and primary closure. Eleven patients underwent flap reconstruction, whereas only 1 patient required skin grafting. Most of the patients in this group had nodular or micronodular type BCC (14/19). CONCLUSIONS: We were not able to identify any clinically significant predictors of residual versus no residual BCC, at least within the context of the current study. Although most patients diagnosed with BCC had residual tumors for which they received surgical treatment, 15% of patients had to undergo primary closure, skin graft, or flap procedure for negative residual BCC. We would like to promote greater awareness on the subject among plastic surgeons treating BCCs. And, it is extremely important that the informed consent should include statements regarding possible reconstructive procedures even in the case of nonpersistent tumor from medicolegal standpoint.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Basocelular/cirurgia , Cirurgia de Mohs , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Neoplasias Cutâneas/cirurgia , Pele/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Biópsia , Carcinoma Basocelular/patologia , Seguimentos , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Transplante de Pele , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
PURPOSE: Definitive radiotherapy is a viable option for medically inoperable patients with early stage endometrial cancer. We present our experience using image-based brachytherapy (BT). METHODS AND MATERIALS: Patients with medically inoperable clinical Stage I endometrial adenocarcinoma received definitive BT with or without external beam radiotherapy. High-dose-rate BT was delivered using MRI- or CT-based planning for each fraction. For patients with an MRI, gross tumor volume (GTV) was contoured although dose was still prescribed to the clinical treatment volume (CTV), including the entire uterus, cervix, and upper 1-2 cm of vagina. Equivalent 2 Gy doses (EQD2) were calculated. RESULTS: Thirty-eight patients were treated from 2007 to 2013, 20 receiving BT alone with a median dose of 37.5 Gy in five to six fractions. For combined therapy, median external beam and BT doses were 45 and 25 Gy in four to five fractions. With 15-month median followup, the 2-year actuarial local control and overall survival were 90.6% and 94.4%. No Grade 2-5 late toxicities were observed. Mean CTV D90 EQD2 for BT alone and combined therapy was 48.6 ± 5.6 and 72.4 ± 6.0 Gy, whereas mean GTV D90 EQD2 was 172.3 ± 59.6 and 138.0 ± 64.6 Gy. CONCLUSIONS: Image-based BT is feasible for medically inoperable early stage endometrial cancer with excellent early results. Despite low CTV doses, high doses delivered to GTV with BT likely accounts for high local control. Endometrial cancer guidelines for image-based planning are needed to define target volumes based on risk with differential dose delivery.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/radioterapia , Braquiterapia/métodos , Neoplasias do Endométrio/radioterapia , Radioterapia Conformacional , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Fracionamento da Dose de Radiação , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento Tridimensional , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Planejamento da Radioterapia Assistida por Computador/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
BACKGROUND: For the past 6 years, we have used double hatchet flaps for reconstruction of lower lid and infraorbital skin defects. METHODS: Twenty-five patients who underwent reconstruction of lower eyelid/infraorbital skin defects using double hatchet flaps were retrospectively analyzed. Defect size ranged from 11 × 11 to 15 × 15 mm. In addition, pearls and pitfalls of the technique are discussed along with the presentation of 3 cases. RESULTS: Flaps were highly viable in all patients. There was no eyelid retraction, scleral show, ectropion, or entropion. Mean follow-up period was 13.7 months. Patient satisfaction with respect to scar appearance was assessed by the standard 5-point scale. Overall patient satisfaction score was 4 (satisfied) in 6 patients, and was 5 (very satisfied) in 19 patients. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of the critical review of outcomes in 25 patients, use of double hatchet flaps for the repair of lower lid and infraorbital skin defects gives an excellent functional and aesthetic result. Horizontal movement of the hatchet flaps avoids vertical skin tension in the lower eyelid, and hence minimizes potential complications.