RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the safety of acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) for patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures. METHODS: A group of 100 patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures was assigned prospectively to receive ANH. A group of 47 patients who underwent craniotomy for aneurysm clipping and standard anesthetic management was used as a control. Procedures conducted under ANH were performed without significant variations in physiologic parameters. RESULTS: Compared with controls, intraoperative blood loss, operative time, incidence and grade of complications, and length of hospital stay were similar between the two groups. Although the ANH group showed a difference in prothrombin levels before and after hemodilution procedures, the levels were still considered within physiologic parameters. Platelet counts and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) levels indicated no significant variations in either group. During the ANH procedure, a considerable reduction of brain oxygen extraction was observed in individuals with worse preoperative neurologic status (P < 0.05), indicating potential benefit. Among patients with cerebral aneurysm, patients with good initial clinical grades had better clinical results as indicated by Glasgow Outcome Scale scores (P < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: ANH is a safe procedure for patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures. Further studies are necessary to confirm the improvement in brain oxygen extraction and the clinical impact. Nonetheless, patients undergoing aneurysm clipping with good clinical grades seem to profit from ANH.
Assuntos
Aneurisma Roto/cirurgia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/cirurgia , Craniotomia/métodos , Hemodiluição/métodos , Aneurisma Intracraniano/cirurgia , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Aneurisma Roto/fisiopatologia , Perda Sanguínea Cirúrgica/fisiopatologia , Volume Sanguíneo/fisiologia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/fisiopatologia , Criança , Transfusão de Eritrócitos , Feminino , Hidratação , Humanos , Aneurisma Intracraniano/fisiopatologia , Tempo de Internação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tempo de Tromboplastina Parcial , Contagem de Plaquetas , Estudos Prospectivos , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea/fisiopatologia , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea/cirurgia , Estudos de Tempo e Movimento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Os autores descrevem episódios de mutismo após cirurgia para tumores da fossa posterior em pacientes jovens. Säo apresentados dois casos e é feita análise de ausência de expressäo verbal que estabeleceu após cirurgia. Também é feita análise do mutismo do ponto de vista de suas conotaçöes neurológicas e psicológicas, ao mesmo tempo em que é revista a literatura sobre o assunto