RESUMO
The sand fly phlebotomine fauna of the Brazilian municipality of Assis Brasil, Acre was sampled between April 2013 and March 2014 using modified CDC light traps. A total of 22,334 sand flies were collected, 41 of them belonging to three species: Lutzomyia gonzaloi, Lu. kirigetiensis and Lu. munaypata, of the subgenus Helcocyrtomyia, which have previously only been recorded in Peru. This paper presents their first reported collection in Brazil.
Assuntos
Insetos Vetores/classificação , Psychodidae/classificação , Animais , Brasil , Feminino , Insetos Vetores/anatomia & histologia , Masculino , Peru , Phlebotomus , Psychodidae/anatomia & histologia , Manejo de EspécimesRESUMO
In South America, the main sand fly species involved in the transmission of Leishmania infantum chagasi (Cunha & Chagas, 1937), etiological agent of the visceral leishmaniasis (VL), is Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva, 1912). The species has been recorded in Colombia, Venezuela, Bolivia, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Brazil, where it is recorded in 24 of the 27 Brazilian states, except Acre, Amazonas, and Santa Catarina. Collections were carried out for one year (April 2013 to March 2014) using modified CDC light traps in different environments in Assis Brasil municipality, state of Acre. Two males of Lu. longipalpis were found in peridomiciliary location in a peri-urban area. This is the first record of the species in Acre. This finding may be considered by the health agencies located in the trinational frontier, and new collections are needed to evaluate the real distribution of the species.
Na América do Sul, a principal espécie de flebotomíneo envolvido na transmissão de Leishmania infantum chagasi , agente etiológico da Leishmaniose visceral (VL), é Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva, 1912). Esta espécie já foi registrada na Colômbia, Venezuela, Bolívia, Argentina, Paraguai, Uruguai e Brasil, onde foram registradas em 24 dos 27 estados brasileiros, com exceção do Acre, Amazonas e Santa Catarina. As coletas foram realizadas por um ano (abril de 2013 a março de 2014) utilizando-se armadilhas de luz tipo de CDC em diferentes ambientes no município de Assis Brasil, estado do Acre. Dois machos de Lu. longipalpis foram encontrados no peridomicílio de uma residência localizada na área periurbana, sendo o primeiro registro desta espécie no estado. Esse achado deve ser considerado pelas agências de saúde localizadas na fronteira trinacional. Novas capturas serão necessárias para avaliar a distribuição real da espécie.
Assuntos
Distribuição Animal , Insetos Vetores/fisiologia , Psychodidae/fisiologia , Animais , Brasil , Leishmania infantum/fisiologia , Leishmaniose Visceral/transmissão , MasculinoRESUMO
Sand flies are natural hosts of various microorganisms. Due to their epidemiological importance, sand fly colonies are kept in laboratories to be studied in terms of their biology and vector/host/parasite interactions. In order to investigate the presence of oviposition pheromones in Nyssomyia neivai, experiments using Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) were performed. However, siloxanes which is an external class of contamination, present in breeding containers made by plaster used to maintain sand flies in colonies, may be hindered the experiments.
Assuntos
Artefatos , Sulfato de Cálcio/química , Oviposição , Feromônios/isolamento & purificação , Psychodidae/química , Psychodidae/fisiologia , Siloxanas/análise , Microextração em Fase Sólida , Animais , Sulfato de Cálcio/análise , Feminino , Psychodidae/parasitologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Similar to other hematophagous insects, male and female sand flies must feed on plants to obtain sugar and, subsequently, energy to complete their life cycles. A large number of compounds emitted by plants may act as volatile signals to these insects. Primary alcohols have been detected in some plants, but in small amounts. In a previous report, the attractiveness of saturated primary alcohols with 7 to 9 carbons was evaluated for Lutzomyia longipalpis, the vector of American visceral leishmaniasis, with positive results. METHODS: In the present study, a wide range of primary alcohols, 3 to 10 carbons, were tested to investigate their attractiveness to another sand fly species, Nyssomyia neivai, a putative vector of American cutaneous leishmaniasis. The mixture of compounds that induced the best sand fly response was also evaluated. RESULTS: Of the eight compounds evaluated, hexanol and octanol elicited the best attractive responses for sand fly females. CONCLUSION: Phytochemicals may be an interesting source of search for new sand fly attractants.