RESUMO
El equilibrio ocupacional de la población en general está relacionado con la buena salud, sin embargo, la población infantil fue uno de los grupos más afectados por el confinamiento y las medidas de distanciamiento social durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo conocer el impacto ocupacional que experimentaron niñas y niños a causa del confinamiento por COVID-19 según la percepción de sus madres y padres en la ciudad de Punta Arenas, Chile. A través de un enfoque cualitativo y alcance exploratorio descriptivo se entrevistó a 25 madres y 1 padre de niñas y niños entre 6 a 12 años, estudiantes de un establecimiento educacional subvencionado que se encontraban en confinamiento en la ciudad de Punta Arenas. Según su percepción, se establece que el confinamiento ocasionó algunos cambios positivos en las actividades de la vida diaria instrumentales y negativos en las ocupaciones de juego, participación social, educación, actividades de la vida diaria de alimentación, descanso y sueño de sus hijas e hijos. Madres y padres se enfrentaron a realizar diversas adaptaciones y modificaciones como organización del tiempo, entorno e implementación de materiales, para favorecer el desempeño ocupacional. Se concluye que debido a la incertidumbre e inestabilidad emocional con relación al ambiente y sus cambios, desde la mirada de la Terapia Ocupacional, resulta relevante el apoyo de las madres y padres para reestructurar las rutinas y adaptarlas al encierro prolongado dentro del hogar, respetando y organizando horarios. El añadir actividades recreativas y fomentar el juego en el ocio y tiempo libre favoreció el equilibrio ocupacional y la sensación de satisfacción de niñas y niños junto a sus familias.
The occupational balance of the general population is related to good health; however, the child population was one of the groups most affected by confinement and social distancing measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this research was to determine the occupational impact experienced by children as a result of COVID-19 confinement as perceived by their mothers and fathers in the city of Punta Arenas, Chile. Through a qualitative approach and descriptive exploratory scope, 25 mothers and 1 father of children between 6 and 12 years old, students of a subsidized educational establishment who were in confinement in the city of Punta Arenas, Chile, were interviewed. According to their perception, it was established that confinement caused some positive changes in instrumental daily life activities and negative changes in their children's activities of play, social participation, education, daily life activities of eating, resting and sleeping. Mothers and fathers were faced with making various adaptations and modifications such as organization of time, environment and implementation of materials, in order to favor occupational performance. It is concluded that due to the uncertainty and emotional instability in relation to the environment and its changes, from the point of view of occupational therapy, the support of mothers and fathers is relevant to restructure routines and adapt them to the prolonged confinement at home, respecting and organizing schedules. Adding recreational activities and encouraging play in leisure and free time favored occupational balance and the feeling of satisfaction of children and their families.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Quarentena , Saúde da Criança , Terapia Ocupacional , COVID-19 , Descanso , Atividades Cotidianas , Chile , Entrevistas como Assunto , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Educação , Participação Social , Atividades de LazerRESUMO
In recent years, the use of fluorescent glucose analogs has allowed the study of rapid transport modulation in heterogeneous cell cultures and complex tissues. However, the kinetic behavior of these tracers is not conventional. For instance, the fluorescent glucose analog 6-NBDG permeates the cell 50-100 times slower than glucose but the uptake of 6-NBDG is almost insensitive to glucose, an observation that casts doubts as to the specificity of the uptake pathway. To investigate this apparent anomaly in cultured astrocytes, which are rich in the glucose transporter GLUT1, we first estimated the kinetic parameters of 6-NBDG uptake, which were then incorporated into the kinetic model of GLUT1. The main outcome of the analysis was that 6-NBDG binds to GLUT1 with 300 times higher affinity than glucose, which explains why its uptake is not efficiently displaced by glucose. The high binding affinity of 6-NBDG also explains why cytochalasin B is less effective at inhibiting 6-NBDG uptake than at inhibiting glucose uptake. We conclude that 6-NBDG, used at low concentrations, permeates into astrocytes chiefly through GLUT1, and advise that the exofacial GLUT1 inhibitor 4,6-ethylidine-D-glucose be used, instead of glucose, as the tool of choice to confirm the specificity of 6-NBDG uptake.