RESUMO
La respiración de Cheyne-Stokes es una variante cíclica o tipo de apnea central del sueño poco frecuente en la población pediátrica. Se describe a una paciente de 12 años con insuficiencia cardíaca grave relacionada con miocardiopatía dilatada que demostró trastornos del sueño con características de respiración de Cheyne-Stokes, que se resolvieron completamente después del trasplante cardíaco.
Cheyne-Stokes respiration is a cyclic variant or type of central sleep apnea rare in pediatric population. We describe a 12-year-old female patient with severe heart failure related to dilated cardiomyopathy who demonstrated sleep disorders with Cheyne-Stokes breathing features, which completely resolved following cardiac transplantation.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Respiração de Cheyne-Stokes , Insuficiência Cardíaca , Cardiomiopatia Dilatada , Transplante de Coração , Apneia do Sono Tipo CentralRESUMO
Cheyne-Stokes respiration is a cyclic variant or type of central sleep apnea rare in pediatric population. We describe a 12-yearold female patient with severe heart failure related to dilated cardiomyopathy who demonstrated sleep disorders with Cheyne-Stokes breathing features, which completely resolved following cardiac transplantation.
La respiración de Cheyne-Stokes es una variante cíclica o tipo de apnea central del sueño poco frecuente en la población pediátrica. Se describe a una paciente de 12 años con insuficiencia cardíaca grave relacionada con miocardiopatía dilatada que demostró trastornos del sueño con características de respiración de Cheyne-Stokes, que se resolvieron completamente después del trasplante cardíaco.
Assuntos
Cardiomiopatia Dilatada , Insuficiência Cardíaca , Transplante de Coração , Apneia do Sono Tipo Central , Adolescente , Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/complicações , Respiração de Cheyne-Stokes/complicações , Criança , Feminino , Insuficiência Cardíaca/complicações , Humanos , Apneia do Sono Tipo Central/complicaçõesRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a recent outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In Cuba, the first case of COVID-19 was reported on March 11, 2020. Elderly individuals with multiple comorbidities are particularly susceptible to adverse clinical outcomes in the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection. During the outbreak, a local transmission event took place in a nursing home in Villa Clara province, Cuba, in which 19 elderly residents tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: Based on the increased susceptibility to cytokine release syndrome, inducing respiratory and systemic complications in this population, 19 patients were included in an expanded access clinical trial to receive itolizumab, an anti-CD6 monoclonal antibody. RESULTS: All patients had underlying medical conditions. The product was well tolerated. After the first dose, the course of the disease was favorable, and 18 of the 19 patients (94.7%) were discharged clinically recovered with negative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test results at 13 days. After one dose of itolizumab, circulating IL-6 decreased within the first 24-48 h in patients with high baseline values, whereas in patients with low levels, this concentration remained over low values. To preliminarily assess the effect of itolizumab, a control group was selected among the Cuban COVID-19 patients that did not receive immunomodulatory therapy. The control subjects were well matched regarding age, comorbidities, and severity of the disease. The percentage of itolizumab-treated, moderately ill patients who needed to be admitted to the intensive care unit was only one-third of that of the control group not treated with itolizumab. Additionally, treatment with itolizumab reduced the risk of death 10 times as compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: This study corroborates that the timely use of itolizumab in combination with other antivirals reduces COVID-19 disease worsening and mortality. The humanized antibody itolizumab emerges as a therapeutic alternative for patients with COVID-19. Our results suggest the possible use of itolizumab in patients with cytokine release syndrome from other pathologies.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/uso terapêutico , Anticorpos Monoclonais/uso terapêutico , Tratamento Farmacológico da COVID-19 , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Cuba , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , SARS-CoV-2/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Introducción. Los pacientes con lesiones neurocríticas representan el 10-16 % de los ingresos a unidades de cuidados intensivos pediátricas (UCIP) y, frecuentemente, requieren neuromonitoreo. Objetivo. Describir el estado actual del neuromonitoreo en la Argentina. Métodos. Encuesta con 37 preguntas sobre neuromonitoreo sin incluir datos de pacientes. Período: abril-junio, 2017. Resultados. Se recibieron 38 respuestas a 71 solicitudes (14 distritos con 11498 egresos anuales). La relación camas de UCIP/hospitalarias fue 21,9 (rango: 4,2-66,7). El 74 % fueron públicas; el 61 %, universitarias, y el 71 %, nivel 1. La disponibilidad fue similar entre públicas y privadas (porcentajes): presión intracraneana (95), electroencefalografía (92), doppler transcraneano (53), potenciales evocados (50), saturación yugular (47) e índice bispectral (11). El principal motivo de monitoreo fue trauma. Conclusión. Excepto la presión intracraneana y la electroencefalografía, los recursos de neuromonitoreo son escasos y la disponibilidad de neurocirugía activa es mínima. Se necesita un registro nacional de UCIP.
Introduction. Patients with neurocritical injuries account for 10-16 % of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admissions and frequently require neuromonitoring. Objective. To describe the current status of neuromonitoring in Argentina. Methods. Survey with 37 questions about neuromonitoring without including patients' data. Period: April-June 2017. Results. Thirty-eight responses were received out of 71requests (14districts with 11498annual discharges). The PICU/hospital bed ratio was 21.9 (range: 4.2-66.7). Seventy-four percent of PICUs were public; 61%, university-affiliated; and 71%, levelI. The availability of monitoring techniques was similar between public and private (percentages): intracranial pressure (95), electroencephalography (92), transcranial Doppler (53), evoked potentials (50), jugular saturation (47), and bispectral index(11). Trauma was the main reason for monitoring. Conclusion. Except for intracranial pressure and electroencephalography, neuromonitoring resources are scarce and active neurosurgery availability is minimal. A PICU national registry is required.
Assuntos
Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Inquéritos e Questionários , Lesões Encefálicas Traumáticas , Instalações de Saúde , Recursos em Saúde , NeurocirurgiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Patients with neurocritical injuries account for 10-16 % of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admissions and frequently require neuromonitoring. OBJECTIVE: To describe the current status of neuromonitoring in Argentina. METHODS: Survey with 37 questions about neuromonitoring without including patients' data. Period: April-June 2017. RESULTS: Thirty-eight responses were received out of 71 requests (14 districts with 11 498 annual discharges). The PICU/hospital bed ratio was 21.9 (range: 4.2-66.7). Seventy-four percent of PICUs were public; 61 %, university-affiliated; and 71 %, level I. The availability of monitoring techniques was similar between public and private (percentages): intracranial pressure (95), electroencephalography (92), transcranial Doppler (53), evoked potentials (50), jugular saturation (47), and bispectral index (11). Trauma was the main reason for monitoring. CONCLUSION: Except for intracranial pressure and electroencephalography, neuromonitoring resources are scarce and active neurosurgery availability is minimal. A PICU national registry is required.
Introducción. Los pacientes con lesiones neurocríticas representan el 10-16 % de los ingresos a unidades de cuidados intensivos pediátricas (UCIP) y, frecuentemente, requieren neuromonitoreo. Objetivo. Describir el estado actual del neuromonitoreo en la Argentina. Métodos. Encuesta con 37 preguntas sobre neuromonitoreo sin incluir datos de pacientes. Período: abril-junio, 2017. Resultados. Se recibieron 38 respuestas a 71 solicitudes (14 distritos con 11 498 egresos anuales). La relación camas de UCIP/hospitalarias fue 21,9 (rango: 4,2-66,7). El 74 % fueron públicas; el 61 %, universitarias, y el 71 %, nivel 1. La disponibilidad fue similar entre públicas y privadas (porcentajes): presión intracraneana (95), electroencefalografía (92), doppler transcraneano (53), potenciales evocados (50), saturación yugular (47) e índice bispectral (11). El principal motivo de monitoreo fue trauma. Conclusión. Excepto la presión intracraneana y la electroencefalografía, los recursos de neuromonitoreo son escasos y la disponibilidad de neurocirugía activa es mínima. Se necesita un registro nacional de UCIP.
Assuntos
Cuidados Críticos/estatística & dados numéricos , Utilização de Instalações e Serviços/estatística & dados numéricos , Recursos em Saúde/provisão & distribuição , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica/estatística & dados numéricos , Monitorização Neurofisiológica/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Argentina , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Cuidados Críticos/métodos , Estado Terminal , Pesquisas sobre Atenção à Saúde , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Infecções/diagnóstico , Infecções/terapia , Neoplasias/diagnóstico , Neoplasias/terapia , Monitorização Neurofisiológica/instrumentação , Monitorização Neurofisiológica/métodos , Estado Epiléptico/diagnóstico , Estado Epiléptico/terapia , Traumatismos do Sistema Nervoso/diagnóstico , Traumatismos do Sistema Nervoso/terapiaRESUMO
Healthcare can cause harm. The goal of this study is to evaluate the association between the occurrence of adverse events (AEs) and morbidity-mortality in critically ill children. A prospective cohort study was designed. All children admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) between August 2016 and July 2017 were followed. An AE was considered any harm associated with a healthcare-related incident. AEs were identified in two steps: first, adverse clinical incidents (ACI) were recognized through direct observation and active surveillance by PICU physicians, and then the patient safety committee evaluated every ACI to define which would be considered an AE. The outcome was hospital morbidity-mortality. There were 467 ACI registered, 249 (53.31%) were considered AEs and the rate was 4.27/100 patient days. From the 842 children included, 142 (16.86%) suffered AEs, 39 (4.63%) experienced morbidity-mortality: 33 (3.92%) died, and 6 (0.71%) had morbidity. Multivariate analysis revealed that the occurrence of AEs was significantly associated with morbidity-mortality, OR 5.70 (CI95% 2.58-12.58, p = 0.001). This association was independent of age and severity of illness score.Conclusion: Experiencing AEs significantly increased the risk of morbidity-mortality in this cohort of PICU children.What is Known:⢠Many children suffer healthcare-associated harm during pediatric intensive care hospitalization.What is New:⢠This prospective cohort study shows that experiencing adverse events during pediatric intensive care hospitalization significantly increases the risk of morbidity and mortality independent of age and severity of illness at admission.
Assuntos
Doença Iatrogênica/epidemiologia , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica/estatística & dados numéricos , Erros Médicos/estatística & dados numéricos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios/efeitos adversos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estado Terminal/terapia , Feminino , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Humanos , Masculino , Morbidade , Segurança do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
Introducción. El uso de listas de cotejo para mejorar la adherencia a prácticas basadas en evidencia en unidades de cuidados intensivos pediátricos no está generalizado. El objetivo del estudio fue, mediante una lista específicamente diseñada, alcanzar el 90% de adherencia a las prácticas estudiadas. Población y métodos. Estudio cuasiexperimental tipo serie de tiempo en niños ventilados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos. Las prácticas estudiadas fueron ventana de sedación, presión plateau ≤ 30 cmH2O, fracción inspirada de oxígeno ≤ 60%, cabecera a 30º, higiene bucal con clorhexidina, recambio semanal del circuito del respirador, preferencia de alimentación enteral, disminución del umbral de transfusiones (hemoglobina: 7 g/dl), consideración diaria de prueba de respiración espontánea y de retiro de catéter central. La lista fue utilizada durante el pase de sala, por médicos de planta responsables de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos , como intervención para mejorar la adherencia y herramienta de registro. Se consideró observación a cada formulario completado diariamente. Las observaciones fueron clasificadas como defectuosas si no hubo adherencia a uno o más ítems. La adherencia (proporción de observaciones sin defecto) se resume en el gráfico de control. Resultados. El estudio abarcó 420 días. Se internaron732pacientes; 218 recibieronventilación mecánica; se realizaron 1201 observaciones y 1191 fueron incluidas. El gráfico de control con horizonte temporal de 14 meses mostró un aumento de adherencia, un patrón de variabilidad de causa especial en los últimos 3 meses y adherencia > 90% en los últimos dos. Conclusiones. El uso de la lista de cotejo permitió mejorar la adherencia a las prácticas estudiadas y alcanzar más de 90% en los últimos 2 meses.
Introduction. The use of checklists to increase adherence to evidence-based practices is not yet widespread in pediatric intensive care units. The objective of this study was to achieve 90% compliance with studied practices using an ad hoc checklist. Population and methods. Time series quasiexperimental study conducted in ventilated children hospitalized in the pediatric intensive care unit. Studied practices included sedation breaks, plateau pressure ≤ 30 cm H2O, fraction of inspired oxygen ≤ 60%, maintenance of headboard at > 30°, chlorhexidine mouthwash, weekly ventilator circuit changes, preference for enteral feeding, reduction in the threshold for blood transfusions (hemoglobin: 7 g/dL), daily consideration of spontaneous breathing trials and central venous catheter removal. The checklist was used during ward rounds by the staff physicians in charge of the pediatric intensive care unit as part of an intervention to increase adherence and as a tracking tool. Each form completed on a daily basis was considered an observation. Observations were classified as defective in the case of non-compliance with one or more items. Adherence (the rate of nondefective units of observation) is summarized in the control chart. Results. The study period lasted 420 days. A total of 732 patients were hospitalized; 218 underwent mechanical ventilation; 1201 observations were made, and 1191 were included in the study. The control chart with a 14-month time horizon showed increased adherence, a special cause variation pattern in the last 3 months of the study period, and > 90% compliance over the last 2 months. Conclusions. The implementation of a checklist increased adherence to studied practices and achieved more than 90% compliance over the last 2 months of the study period.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica/normas , Fidelidade a Diretrizes/estatística & dados numéricos , Prática Clínica Baseada em Evidências , Lista de ChecagemRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The use of checklists to increase adherence to evidence-based practices is not yet widespread in pediatric intensive care units. The objective of this study was to achieve 90% compliance with studied practices using an ad hoc checklist. POPULATION AND METHDOS: Time series quasiexperimental study conducted in ventilated children hospitalized in the pediatric intensive care unit. Studied practices included sedation breaks, plateau pressure ≤ 30 cm H 2O, fraction of inspired oxygen ≤ 60%, maintenance of headboard at > 30°, chlorhexidine mouthwash, weekly ventilator circuit changes, preference for enteral feeding, reduction in the threshold for blood transfusions (hemoglobin: 7 g/dL), daily consideration of spontaneous breathing trials and central venous catheter removal. The checklist was used during ward rounds by the staff physicians in charge of the pediatric intensive care unit as part of an intervention to increase adherence and as a tracking tool. Each form completed on a daily basis was considered an observation. Observations were classified as defective in the case of non-compliance with one or more items. Adherence (the rate of nondefective units of observation) is summarized in the control chart. RESULTS: The study period lasted 420 days. A total of 732 patients were hospitalized; 218 underwent mechanical ventilation; 1201 observations were made, and 1191 were included in the study. The control chart with a 14-month time horizon showed increased adherence, a special cause variation pattern in the last 3 months of the study period, and > 90% compliance over the last 2 months. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of a checklist increased adherence to studied practices and achieved more than 90% compliance over the last 2 months of the study period.
INTRODUCCIÓN: El uso de listas de cotejo para mejorar la adherencia a prácticas basadas en evidencia en unidades de cuidados intensivos pediátricos no está generalizado. El objetivo del estudio fue, mediante una lista específicamente diseñada, alcanzar el 90% de adherencia a las prácticas estudiadas. POBLACIÓN Y MÉTODOS: Estudio cuasiexperimental tipo serie de tiempo en niños ventilados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos. Las prácticas estudiadas fueron ventana de sedación, presión plateau ≤ 30 cmH 2O, fracción inspirada de oxígeno ≤ 60%, cabecera a 30 o, higiene bucal con clorhexidina, recambio semanal del circuito del respirador, preferencia de alimentación enteral, disminución del umbral de transfusiones (hemoglobina: 7 g/dl), consideración diaria de prueba de respiración espontánea y de retiro de catéter central. La lista fue utilizada durante el pase de sala, por médicos de planta responsables de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos , como intervención para mejorar la adherencia y herramienta de registro. Se consideró observación a cada formulario completado diariamente. Las observaciones fueron clasificadas como defectuosas si no hubo adherencia a uno o más ítems. La adherencia (proporción de observaciones sin defecto) se resume en el gráfico de control. RESULTADOS: El estudio abarcó 420 días. Se internaron732pacientes; 218 recibieronventilación mecánica; se realizaron 1201 observaciones y 1191 fueron incluidas. El gráfico de control con horizonte temporal de 14 meses mostró un aumento de adherencia, un patrón de variabilidad de causa especial en los últimos 3 meses y adherencia > 90% en los últimos dos. CONCLUSIONES: El uso de la lista de cotejo permitió mejorar la adherencia a las prácticas estudiadas y alcanzar más de 90% en los últimos 2 meses.
Assuntos
Lista de Checagem , Prática Clínica Baseada em Evidências , Fidelidade a Diretrizes/estatística & dados numéricos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica/normas , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Introducción. Se han descrito asociaciones entre balance de fluido acumulado y mayor estadía en asistencia respiratoria mecánica en adultos. El objetivo fue evaluar si el balance de las primeras 48 horas de iniciada la asistencia respiratoria mecánica se asociaba a su prolongación en niños internados en Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica (UCIP). Métodos. Cohorte retrospectiva de pacientes de la UCIP del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, entre el 1/1/2010 y el 30/6/2012. El balance se calculó en porcentaje del peso corporal; ventilación mecánica prolongada se definió como > 7 días y se registraron confundidores. Se realizó un análisis univariado y multivariado. Resultados. 249 pacientes permanecieron ventilados más de 48 horas; se incluyeron 163. El balance de las primeras 48 horas en ventilación mecánica fue 5,7%±5,86; 82 pacientes (50,3%) permanecieron más de 7 días con respirador. La edad < 4 años (OR 3,21; IC 95% 1,38-7,48; p 0,007), enfermedad respiratoria (OR 4,94; IC 95% 1,51-16,10; p 0,008), shock séptico (OR 4,66; IC 95% 1,10-19,65; p 0,036), puntaje de disfunción orgánica (PELOD) > 10 (OR 2,44; IC 95% 1,23-4,85; p 0,011) y balance positivo > 13% (OR 4,02; IC 95% 1,08-15,02; p 0,038) se asociaron a ventilación mecánica prolongada. El modelo multivariado mostró para PELOD > 10 un OR 2,58; IC 95%: 1,17-5,58; p 0,018, y para balance positivo > 13% un OR 3,7; IC 95%: 0,91-14,94; p 0,066. Conclusiones. En relación a ventilación mecánica prolongada, el modelo multivariado mostró una asociación independiente con disfunción de órganos (PELOD > 10) y una tendencia hacia la asociación con balance positivo > 13%.
Introduction. Associations between cumulative fluid balance and a prolonged duration of assisted mechanical ventilation have been described in adults. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether fluid balance in the first 48 hours of assisted mechanical ventilation initiation was associated with a prolonged duration of this process among children in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). Methods. Retrospective cohort of patients in the PICU of Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, between 1/1/2010 and 6/30/2012. Balance was calculated in percentage of body weight; prolonged mechanical ventilation was defined as >7 days, and confounders were registered. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Results. Two hundred and forty-nine patients were mechanically ventilated for over 48 hours; 163 were included in the study. Balance during the first 48 hours of mechanical ventilation was 5.7% ± 5.86; 82 patients (50.3%) were on mechanical ventilation for more than 7 days. Age < 4 years old (OR 3.21, 95% CI 1.38-7.48, p 0.007), respiratory disease (OR 4.94, 95% CI 1.51-16.10, p 0.008), septic shock (OR 4.66, 95% CI 1.10-19.65, p 0.036), Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction (PELOD) > 10 (OR 2.44, 95% CI 1.234.85, p 0.011), and positive balance > 13% (OR 4.02, 95% CI 1.08-15.02, p 0.038) were associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation. The multivariate model resulted in an OR 2.58, 95% CI: 1.17-5.58, p= 0.018 for PELOD > 10, and an OR 3.7, 95% CI: 0.91-14.94, p= 0.066 for positive balance > 13%. Conclusions. Regarding prolonged mechanical ventilation, the multivariate model showed an independent association with organ dysfunction (PELOD > 10) and a trend towards an association with positive balance > 13%.
Assuntos
Humanos , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Respiração Artificial , Equilíbrio Hidroeletrolítico , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica , Admissão do Paciente , Fatores de Tempo , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Associations between cumulative fluid balance and a prolonged duration of assisted mechanical ventilation have been described in adults. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether fluid balance in the first 48 hours of assisted mechanical ventilation initiation was associated with a prolonged duration of this process among children in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). METHODS: Retrospective cohort of patients in the PICU o, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, between 1/1/2010 and 6/30/2012. Balance was calculated in percentage of body weight; prolonged mechanical ventilation was defined as >7 days, and confounders were registered. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. RESULTS: Two hundred and forty-nine patients were mechanically ventilated for over 48 hours; 163 were included in the study. Balance during the first 48 hours of mechanical ventilation was 5.7% ± 5.86; 82 patients (50.3%) were on mechanical ventilation for more than 7 days. Age ã 4 years old (OR 3.21, 95% CI 1.38-7.48, p 0.007), respiratory disease (OR 4.94, 95% CI 1.51-16.10, p 0.008), septic shock (OR 4.66, 95% CI 1.10-19.65, p 0.036), Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction (PELOD) ã 10 (OR 2.44, 95% CI 1.234.85, p 0.011), and positive balance ã 13% (OR 4.02, 95% CI 1.08-15.02, p 0.038) were associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation. The multivariate model resulted in an OR 2.58, 95% CI: 1.17-5.58, p= 0.018 for PELOD ã 10, and an OR 3.7, 95% CI: 0.91-14.94, p= 0.066 for positive balance ã 13%. CONCLUSIONS: Regarding prolonged mechanical ventilation, the multivariate model showed an independent association with organ dysfunction (PELOD ã 10) and a trend towards an association with positive balance ã 13%.
INTRODUCCIÓN: Se han descrito asociaciones entre balance de fluido acumulado y mayor estadía en asistencia respiratoria mecánica en adultos. El objetivo fue evaluar si el balance de las primeras 48 horas de iniciada la asistencia respiratoria mecánica se asociaba a su prolongación en niños internados en Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica (UCIP). MÉTODOS: Cohorte retrospectiva de pacientes de la UCIP de, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, entre el 1/1/2010 y el 30/6/2012. El balance se calculó en porcentaje del peso corporal; ventilación mecánica prolongada se definió como ã 7 días y se registraron confundidores. Se realizó un análisis univariado y multivariado. RESULTADOS: 249 pacientes permanecieron ventilados más de 48 horas; se incluyeron 163. El balance de las primeras 48 horas en ventilación mecánica fue 5,7%±5,86; 82 pacientes (50,3%) permanecieron más de 7 días con respirador. La edad ã 4 años (OR 3,21; IC 95% 1,38-7,48; p 0,007), enfermedad respiratoria (OR 4,94; IC 95% 1,51-16,10; p 0,008), shock séptico (OR 4,66; IC 95% 1,10-19,65; p 0,036), puntaje de disfunción orgánica (PELOD) ã 10 (OR 2,44; IC 95% 1,23-4,85; p 0,011) y balance positivo ã 13% (OR 4,02; IC 95% 1,08-15,02; p 0,038) se asociaron a ventilación mecánica prolongada. El modelo multivariado mostró para PELOD ã 10 un OR 2,58; IC 95%: 1,17-5,58; p 0,018, y para balance positivo ã 13% un OR 3,7; IC 95%: 0,91-14,94; p 0,066. CONCLUSIONES: En relación a ventilación mecánica prolongada, el modelo multivariado mostró una asociación independiente con disfunción de órganos (PELOD ã 10) y una tendencia hacia la asociación con balance positivo ã 13%.