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1.
Acta Ortop Mex ; 33(2): 102-106, 2019.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31480111

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The education process is understood as an activity focused on developing competencies through the use of educational tools and strategies that can be evaluated. The training of the residents in traumatology and orthopedics requires you to acquire knowledge and develop skills that will affect the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the patient. Therefore, what will be the evaluation of the educational intervention on the theoretical and practical knowledge in this group of physicians on the technique of taking, measuring and preparation of hamstring graft for the reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament? MATERIAL Y METHODS: A prospective, quasi-experimental study was conducted to evaluate the impact of educational intervention in 23 Traumatology and orthopaedic residents on the use of hamstring in the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction through theoretical sessions and Practice on cadaverous knees with preand post-intervention evaluations. RESULTS: The correlation between the pre and post evaluation educational intervention, both theoretical and practical, was statistically significant (p = 0.004 and p = 0.4, respectively). CONCLUSION: The statistically significant correlation between preand post-educational intervention evaluations speaks of the value of learning strategies, in the case of this study, the intervention through a theoretical and practical session by a simulated patient promotes knowledge acquisition and development of skills.


INTRODUCCIÓN: El proceso de educación se entiende como una actividad enfocada a desarrollar competencias mediante el empleo de herramientas y estrategias educativas que pueden ser sometidas a evaluación. La formación del médico residente de Traumatología y Ortopedia le exige adquirir conocimientos y desarrollar destrezas que repercutirán en el diagnóstico, tratamiento y pronóstico del paciente. Por lo tanto, ¿cuál será la evaluación de la intervención educativa sobre los conocimientos teóricos y prácticos en residentes de la especialidad de traumatología y ortopedia sobre la técnica de toma, medición y preparación de injerto de isquiotibiales para la reconstrucción de ligamento cruzado anterior? MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, cuasiexperimental para evaluar el impacto de la intervención educativa en 23 residentes de Traumatología y Ortopedia sobre el uso de isquiotibiales en la reconstrucción de ligamento cruzado anterior mediante sesiones teórica y práctica en rodillas cadavéricas con evaluaciones pre- y postintervención. RESULTADOS: La correlación entre la evaluación pre- y postintervención educativa, tanto teórica como práctica, fue estadísticamente significativa (p = 0.004 y p = 0.4, respectivamente). CONCLUSIONES: La correlación estadísticamente significativa entre evaluaciones pre- y postintervención educativa refiere el valor de las estrategias de aprendizaje, en el caso de este estudio, la intervención a través de una sesión teórica y práctica mediante un paciente simulado (práctica necroquirúrgica) promueve la adquisición de conocimientos y el desarrollo de habilidades y destrezas.


Assuntos
Lesões do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior , Reconstrução do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior , Ortopedia , Traumatologia , Ligamento Cruzado Anterior , Lesões do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/cirurgia , Reconstrução do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/educação , Reconstrução do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/métodos , Humanos , Ortopedia/educação , Estudos Prospectivos , Traumatologia/educação
2.
Acta ortop. mex ; 33(2): 102-106, mar.-abr. 2019. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1248642

RESUMO

Resumen: Introducción: El proceso de educación se entiende como una actividad enfocada a desarrollar competencias mediante el empleo de herramientas y estrategias educativas que pueden ser sometidas a evaluación. La formación del médico residente de Traumatología y Ortopedia le exige adquirir conocimientos y desarrollar destrezas que repercutirán en el diagnóstico, tratamiento y pronóstico del paciente. Por lo tanto, ¿cuál será la evaluación de la intervención educativa sobre los conocimientos teóricos y prácticos en residentes de la especialidad de traumatología y ortopedia sobre la técnica de toma, medición y preparación de injerto de isquiotibiales para la reconstrucción de ligamento cruzado anterior? Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, cuasiexperimental para evaluar el impacto de la intervención educativa en 23 residentes de Traumatología y Ortopedia sobre el uso de isquiotibiales en la reconstrucción de ligamento cruzado anterior mediante sesiones teórica y práctica en rodillas cadavéricas con evaluaciones pre- y postintervención. Resultados: La correlación entre la evaluación pre- y postintervención educativa, tanto teórica como práctica, fue estadísticamente significativa (p = 0.004 y p = 0.4, respectivamente). Conclusiones: La correlación estadísticamente significativa entre evaluaciones pre- y postintervención educativa refiere el valor de las estrategias de aprendizaje, en el caso de este estudio, la intervención a través de una sesión teórica y práctica mediante un paciente simulado (práctica necroquirúrgica) promueve la adquisición de conocimientos y el desarrollo de habilidades y destrezas.


Abstract: Introduction: The education process is understood as an activity focused on developing competencies through the use of educational tools and strategies that can be evaluated. The training of the residents in Traumatology and Orthopedics requires you to acquire knowledge and develop skills that will affect the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the patient. Therefore, what will be the evaluation of the educational intervention on the theoretical and practical knowledge in this group of physicians on the technique of taking, measuring and preparation of hamstring graft for the reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament? Material y methods: A prospective, quasi-experimental study was conducted to evaluate the impact of educational intervention in 23 Traumatology and Orthopaedic residents on the use of hamstring in the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction through theoretical sessions and Practice on cadaverous knees with preand post-intervention evaluations. Results: The correlation between the pre and post evaluation educational intervention, both theoretical and practical, was statistically significant (p = 0.004 and p = 0.4, respectively). Conclusion: The statistically significant correlation between preand post-educational intervention evaluations speaks of the value of learning strategies, in the case of this study, the intervention through a theoretical and practical session by a simulated patient promotes knowledge acquisition and development of skills.


Assuntos
Humanos , Ortopedia/educação , Traumatologia/educação , Reconstrução do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/educação , Reconstrução do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/métodos , Lesões do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/cirurgia , Estudos Prospectivos , Ligamento Cruzado Anterior
3.
Acta Ortop Mex ; 32(4): 193-197, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30549501

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by polyarthritis with progressive articular wear, immunologic abnormalities and increasing physical limitation. Surgical correction with hip replacement comes as a successful solution for patients with advanced articular destruction. Following intervention, surgical site infection (SSI), venous thromboembolism, sepsis, renal and major cardiovascular complications are among the most cited in the literature. No consensus exists as to the detection of preoperative hypoalbuminemia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS: This study retrospectively evaluated the preoperative serum albumin of 75 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and analyzed its relevance in terms of appearance of postoperative complications with a six-month follow-up. Complications in the group of patients with low serum albumin and the group of patients with normal serum albumin were reviewed to identify the effect of each variable. Odds ratio for each variable was calculated (hospital readmission, surgical site infection, renal and cardiac complications, non-infectious wound complications and the presence of residual hip pain), as well as p-value and confidence intervals. RESULTS: Surgical site infection showed a statistically significant relation with low serum albumin (OR: 6.125, p = 0.018) as did non-infectious wound complications (OR: 3.714, p = 0.026) and residual hip pain (OR: 3.149, p = 0.022). CONCLUSION: Preoperative low serum albumin has a direct relation with the rate of postoperative complications including SSI, non-infectious wound complications (seroma formation, wound dehiscence) and residual hip pain. Preoperative serum albumin is a reliable marker of nutrition, which may establish preventive strategies to reduce postoperative complications in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.


INTRODUCCIÓN: La artritis reumatoide es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica con desgaste articular progresivo, anomalías inmunológicas y aumento de la limitación física. La corrección quirúrgica con el reemplazo de la cadera es una solución a la destrucción articular avanzada. Después de la intervención, la infección del sitio quirúrgico (SSI), el tromboembolismo venoso, la sepsis y las complicaciones cardiovasculares o renales se encuentran entre las más citadas en la literatura. No existe consenso en cuanto a la detección de hipoalbuminemia preoperatoria en pacientes con artritis reumatoide. MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo evaluando la albúmina de suero preoperatoria de 75 pacientes con artritis reumatoide, se analizó su importancia en términos de complicaciones postoperatorias en los primeros seis meses de seguimiento. Las complicaciones en el grupo de pacientes con albúmina de suero baja y el grupo de pacientes con albúmina de suero normal fueron repasadas para identificar el efecto de cada variable. Se calculó el odds ratio para cada variable (reingreso hospitalario, infección del sitio quirúrgico, complicaciones renales y cardíacas, complicaciones no infecciosas de la herida y presencia de dolor de cadera residual), así como el valor p y los intervalos de confianza. RESULTADOS: La infección del sitio quirúrgico demostró una relación estadística significativa con la albúmina de suero baja (o: 6.125, p = 0.018) al igual que complicaciones no infecciosas de la herida (o: 3.714, p = 0.026) y dolor residual de la cadera (o: 3.149, p = 0.022). CONCLUSIÓN: La albúmina sérica baja preoperatoria tiene una relación directa con la tasa de complicaciones postoperatorias: infección, formación de seromas, dehiscencia de la herida y dolor residual.


Assuntos
Artrite Reumatoide , Artroplastia de Quadril , Albumina Sérica , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica , Artrite Reumatoide/complicações , Artroplastia de Quadril/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Albumina Sérica/análise , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/sangue , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/diagnóstico
4.
Acta ortop. mex ; 32(4): 193-197, Jul.-Aug. 2018. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1124093

RESUMO

Abstract: Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by polyarthritis with progressive articular wear, immunologic abnormalities and increasing physical limitation. Surgical correction with hip replacement comes as a successful solution for patients with advanced articular destruction. Following intervention, surgical site infection (SSI), venous thromboembolism, sepsis, renal and major cardiovascular complications are among the most cited in the literature. No consensus exists as to the detection of preoperative hypoalbuminemia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: This study retrospectively evaluated the preoperative serum albumin of 75 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and analyzed its relevance in terms of appearance of postoperative complications with a six-month follow-up. Complications in the group of patients with low serum albumin and the group of patients with normal serum albumin were reviewed to identify the effect of each variable. Odds ratio for each variable was calculated (hospital readmission, surgical site infection, renal and cardiac complications, non-infectious wound complications and the presence of residual hip pain), as well as p-value and confidence intervals. Results: Surgical site infection showed a statistically significant relation with low serum albumin (OR: 6.125, p = 0.018) as did non-infectious wound complications (OR: 3.714, p = 0.026) and residual hip pain (OR: 3.149, p = 0.022). Conclusion: Preoperative low serum albumin has a direct relation with the rate of postoperative complications including SSI, non-infectious wound complications (seroma formation, wound dehiscence) and residual hip pain. Preoperative serum albumin is a reliable marker of nutrition, which may establish preventive strategies to reduce postoperative complications in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.


Resumen: Introducción: La artritis reumatoide es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica con desgaste articular progresivo, anomalías inmunológicas y aumento de la limitación física. La corrección quirúrgica con el reemplazo de la cadera es una solución a la destrucción articular avanzada. Después de la intervención, la infección del sitio quirúrgico (SSI), el tromboembolismo venoso, la sepsis y las complicaciones cardiovasculares o renales se encuentran entre las más citadas en la literatura. No existe consenso en cuanto a la detección de hipoalbuminemia preoperatoria en pacientes con artritis reumatoide. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo evaluando la albúmina de suero preoperatoria de 75 pacientes con artritis reumatoide, se analizó su importancia en términos de complicaciones postoperatorias en los primeros seis meses de seguimiento. Las complicaciones en el grupo de pacientes con albúmina de suero baja y el grupo de pacientes con albúmina de suero normal fueron repasadas para identificar el efecto de cada variable. Se calculó el odds ratio para cada variable (reingreso hospitalario, infección del sitio quirúrgico, complicaciones renales y cardíacas, complicaciones no infecciosas de la herida y presencia de dolor de cadera residual), así como el valor p y los intervalos de confianza. Resultados: La infección del sitio quirúrgico demostró una relación estadística significativa con la albúmina de suero baja (o: 6.125, p = 0.018) al igual que complicaciones no infecciosas de la herida (o: 3.714, p = 0.026) y dolor residual de la cadera (o: 3.149, p = 0.022). Conclusión: La albúmina sérica baja preoperatoria tiene una relación directa con la tasa de complicaciones postoperatorias: infección, formación de seromas, dehiscencia de la herida y dolor residual.


Assuntos
Humanos , Artrite Reumatoide/complicações , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/diagnóstico , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/sangue , Albumina Sérica/análise , Artroplastia de Quadril/efeitos adversos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco
6.
Acta Ortop Mex ; 26(2): 85-90, 2012.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23323296

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The investigation on the medial longitudinal arch is aimed at addressing the diagnostic problems of flat foot. The diagnosis is currently based on clinical tests and the appropriate identification of both postural and gait abnormalities. Risk factors are associated with pre-school ages, but there is no adequate analysis of such factors during school ages, when the longitudinal arch reaches its conformational maturity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Probabilistic methods were used to obtain a sample of 476 patients from elementary schools in the Federal District and the state of Puebla. Once the approval of the research committee was obtained, an analytical, prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted. Anthropometric measurements were performed, together with anamnesis, physical exam of the students, and conventional wet footprint analysis in a standardized and duplicate way. RESULTS: Of the 476 patients, 101 had flat foot (21.2%) and 49 of them had pain symptoms in the feet, knees or both (48.5%), accounting for 10.2% of the patients examined. Forefoot pronation and valgus hindfoot resulted in an increased risk of symptomatic flat foot in the school population in the study. CONCLUSIONS: In cases of flat or cavus foot, the presence of foot and/or knee pain symptoms in the school population was associated in a statistically significant way with one or more of the factors analyzed (overweight, genu valgus, valgus hindfoot, forefoot pronation and claw toes). Girls with such factors had a 3-7 higher chance of having symptomatic flat foot.


Assuntos
Pé Chato/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Pé Chato/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , México , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Instituições Acadêmicas , Saúde da População Urbana
7.
Haemophilia ; 17(2): 296-9, 2011 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21070486

RESUMO

Synoviorthesis is already widely used in the treatment of chronic haemophilic synovitis. The aim of this study was evaluate the effectiveness of oxytetracicline synoviorthesis on the frequency of haemarthrosis in haemophilic children with chronic synovitis and its impact on joint function. Between January 2001 and October 2006, we performed 34 synoviorthesis in 28 paediatric patients (6-16 years old) with diagnosis of haemophilic arthropathy stage I-II. At each joint were administered five doses of oxytetracycline for five consecutive weeks at doses of 100 mg in elbow and ankle and 250 mg in the knee. The frequency of haemarthrosis and range of joint mobility were evaluated before and after of treatment. The results were analysed with Student t-test and descriptive statistics. Thirty-four joints were treated, including 20 knees (58.8%), eight elbows (23.5%) and six ankles (17.6%). Median follow-up was 46.3 months (range 12-71 months). The frequency of haemarthrosis was recorded before treatment 47.3 year(-1) (range 12-96, P < 0.0001) and decreased to 3.5 year(-1) (range 0-15, P = 0.0119) after treatment. The range of joint motion in flexion-extension before treatment was 84.9°, while after this was 97.5° (P = 0.0119). The synoviorthesis with oxytetracycline has shown a favourable effect in the treatment of chronic haemophilic synovitis in reducing the frequency of haemarthrosis and improvement was observed consistently in the range of motion.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Hemartrose/tratamento farmacológico , Hemofilia A/complicações , Oxitetraciclina/uso terapêutico , Sinovite/tratamento farmacológico , Adolescente , Adulto , Articulação do Tornozelo , Criança , Doença Crônica , Articulação do Cotovelo , Seguimentos , Hemartrose/etiologia , Humanos , Injeções Intra-Articulares , Articulação do Joelho , Amplitude de Movimento Articular/efeitos dos fármacos , Sinovite/etiologia , Adulto Jovem
8.
Enferm. univ ; 2(2): 13-16, May.-ago. 2005. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BDENF - Enfermagem | ID: biblio-1343062

RESUMO

En la Jurisdicción Sanitaria Ecatepec, se realizó un taller de Riesgos y Daños para la salud con el propósito de priorizar el daño a la salud susceptible a ser intervenido a través de la aplicación del método de Hanlón, por los estudiantes de posgrado de Enfermería en salud pública y el equipo multidisciplinario de la jurisdicción. Participaron 48 personas con cargos normativos y operativos de los Centros Municipales de Salud (COMUSA), DIF, CONALEP, y Salud Municipal a quienes se les capacitó sobre la utilidad y aplicación del Método de Hanlón, proporcionándoles la información estadística para hacer los cálculos respectivos. Los resultados de la priorización de mayor a menor puntuación fueron: Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, Neumonía e Influenza, Enfermedades del corazón, Tumores malignos, Accidentes, agresiones y suicidios, Enfermedades del hígado, SIDA, e insuficiencia renal. Tomando en cuenta que en las primeras cuatro causas ya han sido trabajadas por generaciones previas de estudiantes de la Especialidad, se determinó que la causa a ser intervenida es: accidente, agresiones y suicidios.


In the Health Jurisdiction Ecatepec, a risk and darrage workshop health was carried out which used the Hanlon method in order to prioritize the possible damage and give the attention through the multidisciplinary staff and the Public Health Nursing speciality students. The number of participants in the workshop were 48 from health Municipality Centers, DIF, CONALEP, whom were trained about the features and how to use Hanlon method. The statistical information was given to do the respective calculation. The results of prioritize were ordered from the highest to the lowest score: diabetes mellitus type 2, Pneumania and influenza, heart illness, malign tumors, accidents, agrressions and suicides, liver sickeness, AIDS, renal insufficiency. Because the first 4 causes had been studied before, it was determined that the causes to be intervened will be accidents, agrressions and suicides.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Saúde , Enfermagem em Saúde Pública , Risco à Saúde Humana
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