RESUMO
Sea cucumber body wall contains several naturally occurring bioactive components that possess health-promoting properties. Isostichopus badionotus from Yucatan, Mexico is heavily fished, but little is known about its bioactive constituents. We previously established that I. badionotus meal had potent anti-inflammatory properties in vivo. We have now screened some of its constituents for anti-inflammatory activity in vitro. Glycosaminoglycan and soluble protein preparations reduced 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced inflammatory responses in HaCaT cells while an ethanol extract had a limited effect. The primary glycosaminoglycan (fucosylated chondroitin sulfate; FCS) was purified and tested for anti-inflammatory activity in vivo. FCS modulated the expression of critical genes, including NF-ĸB, TNFα, iNOS, and COX-2, and attenuated inflammation and tissue damage caused by TPA in a mouse ear inflammation model. It also mitigated colonic colitis caused in mice by dextran sodium sulfate. FCS from I. badionotus of the Yucatan Peninsula thus had strong anti-inflammatory properties in vivo.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios , Sulfatos de Condroitina/isolamento & purificação , Sulfatos de Condroitina/farmacologia , Glicosaminoglicanos/isolamento & purificação , Glicosaminoglicanos/farmacologia , Otite/tratamento farmacológico , Pepinos-do-Mar/química , Extratos de Tecidos/isolamento & purificação , Extratos de Tecidos/farmacologia , Animais , Sulfatos de Condroitina/uso terapêutico , Colite/induzido quimicamente , Colite/tratamento farmacológico , Sulfato de Dextrana/efeitos adversos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Células HaCaT , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , México , Camundongos , Otite/induzido quimicamente , Acetato de Tetradecanoilforbol/efeitos adversosRESUMO
Between February and June 2010, 113 fiddler crabs Uca spinicarpa were collected from the Chuburna lagoon system on the northern coast of the Yucatan Peninsula, México. Of the 68 crabs gathered outside their burrows, 13 were infected with 25 cystacanths of Hexaglandula corynosoma (intensity of infection from 1 to 5) and the remaining 55 crabs were uninfected. The other 45 crabs were found inside their burrows and only one was found infected with 1 cystacanth of H. corynosoma. Serotonin (5-HT) levels were higher in the group of crabs infected with H. corynosoma in contrast to the group of uninfected crabs and the group of those infected with other parasites. A redundancy analysis corroborated a positive relationship between 5-HT and the intensity of infection with H. corynosoma. In contrast, dopamine levels remained similar among different groups of crabs.
Assuntos
Acantocéfalos/fisiologia , Comportamento Animal , Braquiúros/metabolismo , Braquiúros/parasitologia , Serotonina/metabolismo , Animais , Interações Hospedeiro-Parasita , MéxicoRESUMO
Macroscopic evidence, histological sections, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) evaluation, and PCR analyses of 25 apparently diseased juvenile spiny lobsters Panulirus argus from the reef lagoon of Puerto Morelos, Mexico, showed the presence of Panulirus argus Virus 1 (PaV1). Cowdry Type A intranuclear viral inclusions were observed in histological analyses, icosahedral viral particles were observed by TEM, and PCR using specific primers for PaV1 amplified a fragment of 499 bp. This is the first report of PaV1 infecting P. argus outside the Florida Keys, USA.