RESUMO
We report clinical, radiological and histological findings following high tibial valgisation osteotomy (HTVO) using micro-macroporous biphasic calcium phosphate wedges fixed with a plate and locking screws. From 1999 to 2002, 43 knees were operated on and studied prospectively. All underwent clinical and radiological follow-up at days 1, 90, and 365 to evaluate consolidation and bone substitute interfaces. Additionally, biopsies were taken for histology at least 1 year after implantation from 10 patients who requested plate removal. Radiologically, consolidation was observed in 98% of cases. At 1 year, correction was unchanged in 95% of cases. Histological analysis revealed considerable MBCP resorption and bone ingrowth, both into the pores and replacing the bioceramic material. Polarised light microscopy confirmed normal bony architecture with trabecular and/or dense lamellar bone growth at the expense of the wedge implants. X-ray and micro-CT scan revealed a well organised and mineralised structure in the newly-formed bone. This study shows that using MBCP wedges in combination with orientable locking screws and a plate is a simple, safe and fast surgical technique for HTVO. The is the first study to examine the results by histological analysis, which confirmed good outcomes.
Assuntos
Substitutos Ósseos , Cerâmica , Articulação do Joelho/cirurgia , Osteotomia/instrumentação , Tíbia/cirurgia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Placas Ósseas , Parafusos Ósseos , Fosfatos de Cálcio/análise , Feminino , Humanos , Articulação do Joelho/diagnóstico por imagem , Articulação do Joelho/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osseointegração , Osteotomia/métodos , Estudos Prospectivos , Radiografia , Tíbia/diagnóstico por imagem , Tíbia/ultraestruturaRESUMO
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The aim of this radiological study was to evaluate the use of a biphasic ceramic wedge combined with plate fixation with locked adjustable screws for open wedge tibial osteotomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-six consecutive patients (27 knees) underwent surgery between December 1999 and March 2002 to establish a normal lower-limb axis. The series included 6 women and 20 men, mean age 50 years (16 right knees and 11 left knees). Partial weight-bearing with crutches was allowed on day 1. A standard radiological assessment was performed on day 1, 90, and 360 (plain AP and lateral stance films of the knee). A pangonogram was performed before surgery and at day 360. Presence of a lateral metaphyseal space, development of peripheral cortical bridges, and osteointegration of the bone substitute-bone interface were evaluated used to assess bone healing. The medial tibial angle between the line tangent to the tibial plateau and the anatomic axis of the tibia (beta) was evaluated to assess preservation of postoperative correction. The HKA angle was determined. RESULTS: Three patients were lost to follow-up and 23 patients (24 knees) were retained for analysis. At last follow-up, presence of peripheral cortical bridges and complete filling of the lateral metaphyseal space demonstrated bone healing in all patients. Good quality osteointegration was achieved since 21 knees did not present an interface between the bone substitute and native bone (homogeneous transition zone). The beta angle was unchanged for 23 knees. A normal axis was observed in patients (16 knees) postoperatively. DISCUSSION: Use of a biphasic ceramic wedge in combination with plate fixation with locked adjustable screws is a reliable option for open wedge tibial osteotomy. The bone substitute fills the gap well. Tolerance and integration are optimal. Bone healing is achieved. Plate fixation with protected weight bearing appears to be a solid assembly, maintaining these corrections.
Assuntos
Placas Ósseas , Parafusos Ósseos , Cerâmica , Osteotomia/instrumentação , Osteotomia/métodos , Tíbia/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: To quantify the modifications occurring on the femoral side, after Total Knee Arthroplasty, we describe a method of measurements in the sagittal plane on standardized X-rays. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We report the clinical and radiologic results of a prospective study of 80 cases of Total Knee Arthroplasty performed with the same prosthesis. We eliminated twenty cases with incorrect X-rays. Measurements were done on 60 preoperative X-rays and 60 postoperative X-rays. The aim of the measure was to quantify the modifications induced by the prosthesis on the trochlear groove and on the tibio-femoral joint line in full extension and in flexion, to eliminate individual femoral diameter was used as a reference in order to cancel variations in X-rays magnification. We first validated the two perpendicular reference axis on which we based all the measurements. RESULTS: No significative difference was found on the position of the tibio-femoral joint line in flexion. The tibio-femoral joint line in extension was significantly moved distally. The prosthesis was placed too distally, therefore we changed the operative procedure. No significative difference was found on the position of the anterior trochlear groove. DISCUSSION: With this method, the anatomic variations of the femoral profiles can be quantified, therefore, further prosthesis shapes can be improved. Radiological follow-up of knee prosthesis and comparison of the influence of different prosthesis can be made by these measures.
Assuntos
Artroplastia do Joelho , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Artroplastia do Joelho/normas , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Seguimentos , Humanos , Articulação do Joelho/diagnóstico por imagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modelos Teóricos , Estudos Prospectivos , Desenho de Prótese , Radiografia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
STUDY DESIGN: A case of symptomatic ossification of ligamenta flava in a black man from Martinique (French West Indies) is reported. OBJECTIVES: To show that ossification of ligamenta flava may be observed in racial groups other than Japanese people and that the postoperative prognosis of symptomatic ossification of ligamenta flava is not always excellent. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Ossification of ligamenta flava causing slowly progressive myelopathy or radiculopathy is rare. It usually occurs in the lower thoracic spine. Ossification of ligamenta flava has mainly been described as occurring in Japanese people and very rarely in Caucasians. Diagnosis is based on a computed tomographic scan or magnetic resonance imaging, and postoperative prognosis is usually good. METHODS: Low thoracic ossification of ligamenta flava was diagnosed in a black man from Martinique, based on the computed tomographic scan data and on the histopathologic examination of the removed tissue. The patient was clinically evaluated before and 1 year after the operation. A postoperative computed tomographic scan was performed. A magnetic resonance image was not available in this case. RESULTS: The patient exhibited severe subacute myelopathy. After decompression, the neurologic recovery was incomplete. A postoperative computed tomographic scan showed complete excision of ossification of ligamenta flava and decompression of the spinal cord. CONCLUSIONS: Ossification of ligamenta flava may occur in black people. An incomplete postoperative recovery may be observed in such cases of unusual subacute compressive myelopathy.
Assuntos
Ligamento Amarelo , Ossificação Heterotópica/diagnóstico , Compressão da Medula Espinal/etiologia , Idoso , População Negra , Humanos , Ligamento Amarelo/diagnóstico por imagem , Ligamento Amarelo/patologia , Masculino , Martinica/etnologia , Ossificação Heterotópica/complicações , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) is a very rare tumor. CMF represents less than 1p. 100 of all benign osseous tumors. The upper part of the tibia is the most frequent localization. We report the second case of talus tumor published in the world literature. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A 20 years old man presented a lytic tumor of the talus. The histology diagnosed a Chondromyxoid fibroma. A complete excision was made. An autologous bone graft associated with blocks of coral were used for reconstruction. RESULTS: After six months sport activities were authorized. After 10 years follow-up, there is no recurrence, the coral has progressively disappeared, replaced by host bone. DISCUSSION: Only one case of talus tumor has been published in world literature. Feldman has collected 189 cases of CMF published before 1970. After 1970, 297 new cases published. Analysis of these 486 cases pointed out the frequency of differents localizations. CONCLUSION: This very rare tumor frequent between 10 and 30 years of age. The foot is the second localization after the tibia. A surgical conservative treatment with complete excision is recommended even in case of recurrence. Radiotherapy must be avoided in any case because of the risk of malignant degeneration.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas/diagnóstico , Condroblastoma/diagnóstico , Doenças do Pé/diagnóstico , Tálus , Adulto , Neoplasias Ósseas/cirurgia , Condroblastoma/cirurgia , Doenças do Pé/cirurgia , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Rupture of the distal tendon of the biceps is an uncommon occurrence. 43 cases were analyzed in a multicentric study in order to define etiological factors and treatment of this lesion. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 43 cases were reviewed from Fort de France, Paris, Marseille, Lyon and Suresnes. There were only male patients with an average age of 50 years. The mechanism of injury, the clinical and radiographic features, the anatomical findings and the results of surgical treatment were analyzed. 4 patients were treated conservatively and 39 surgically. In 28 cases, anatomical reattachment of the tendon was performed. In 11 cases the tendon was simply attached to the brachialis anterior muscle. RESULTS: The mechanism of injury in all patients was passive extension against active flexion 17 patients had sustained injury while engaged in sports activities and 17 during domestic activities. Most of the patients were diagnosed clinically. Ultrasound and CT scan was useful in cases seen a long time after injury. In 34 cases avulsion of the bicipital tuberosity was found. Subjective results were good in 28 cases and poor in 5 cases. Objective testing was performed one year after injury using the criteria described by Baker: flexion and suppination force (maximum force) and endurance (ability to perform repeated contractions). Following attachment to the brachialis anterior, there was an average loss of 33 per cent of flexion strength and 52 per cent of supination strength. Following anatomical reattachment, the loss was 5 per cent for flexion and 15 per cent for supination. There were two cases of radial nerve palsies and 1 case of radio-ulnar synostosis. DISCUSSION: Attachment of the biceps brachialis tendon to the brachialis anterior muscle is unable to restore supination force. Complications only occur following anatomical reattachment. Radial nerve palsies can be avoided by using two separate incisions as described by Boyd. CONCLUSION: Surgical reinsertion onto the radial tuberosity restore more strength. Attachment to the brachialis muscle can be sued in cases seen a long time after injury.