RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: the current literature relates the return to driving with multiple variables. For various reasons, the current data on the time to return to driving after a total hip arthroplasty (THA) are diverse and even contradictory. We have proposed the objective of determining the time required to drive a manual gear vehicle again in a group of patients who underwent primary THA through a posterolateral approach with focus on manual gear cars. MATERIAL AND METHODS: we have studied the functional results of 112 patients who underwent primary THA between January 2019 and January 2020 in a high level in Cadiz, Andalusia, Spain. RESULTS: the median return to driving was three weeks (IQR 2-4). We have identified that 89.3% of the patients were able to drive again before the sixth week after surgery and in 92% of the cases they did so feeling even safer than before the THA. CONCLUSION: we consider that after the sixth week of an THA it is safe to resume driving a vehicle.
INTRODUCCIÓN: la literatura actual relaciona el regreso a la conducción vehicular con múltiples variables. Sin embargo, los datos actuales sobre el tiempo de regreso a la conducción luego de una artroplastía total de cadera (ATC) son diversos e incluso contradictorios. Por lo tanto, nos hemos planteado el objetivo de determinar el tiempo requerido para volver a conducir en un grupo de pacientes sometidos a una ATC primaria mediante un abordaje posterolateral, centrándonos específicamente en vehículos de marcha manual. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: hemos estudiado los resultados clínico-funcionales de 112 pacientes sometidos a una ATC primaria entre Enero de 2019 y Enero de 2020 en un hospital de alta complejidad en Cádiz, Andalucía, España. RESULTADOS: la mediana del tiempo de regreso a la conducción fue de tres semanas (RIC 2-4). Hemos identificado que 89.3% de los pacientes pudo volver a conducir antes de la sexta semana posterior a la cirugía. Además, en 92% de los casos, los pacientes se sintieron aún más seguros al conducir después de la ATC que antes de la intervención. CONCLUSIÓN: consideramos que a la sexta semana de una ATC es seguro reanudar la conducción de un vehículo.
Assuntos
Artroplastia de Quadril , Condução de Veículo , Humanos , Artroplastia de Quadril/métodosRESUMO
Distyly has been interpreted as a mechanism that promotes cross-pollination between floral morphs. According to this hypothesis, pollen from anthers positioned at different heights could adhere to different body parts of the pollinator that would correspond to those points where stigmas of compatible morph contact the animal. In this regard, hummingbird species with different bill sizes may play different roles as pollinators of each morph. If pollinators mobilize more legitimate pollen towards one of the two morphs, gender specialization may occur. This work aimed to assess experimentally the role of long- and short-billed hummingbirds as pollinators of short-style (SS) and long-style (LS) flowers of Palicourea demissa, a distylous, hummingbird-pollinated treelet in Venezuelan cloud forests. Flowers were emasculated and exposed to a single visit of the hummingbird Coeligena torquata (long-billed), Heliangelus spencei (short-billed) or Adelomyia melanogenys (short-billed). Later, stigmas were removed, and pollen load counted under a microscope to calculate the probability of legitimate- and illegitimate-pollen transfer by hummingbirds. The probability analyses of pollen transference showed that short-billed hummingbirds have higher pollination probabilities from SS-anthers to LS- and SS-stigmas, and from LS-anther to LS-stigmas than from LS-anther to SS-stigmas. In contrast, long-billed hummingbirds have higher probabilities of pollen transference from LS-anthers to SS-stigmas than in other directions. A deeper view of the sexual expression of each morph in P. demissa will depend on future studies that determine possible morpho-differences in the biological function of male and female floral structures, and the role played by less frequent floral visitors as mediators of legitimate pollination between floral morphs.
Assuntos
Reprodução , Rubiaceae , Animais , Polinização , Flores , Florestas , AvesRESUMO
There is little published data on benznidazole dosing, or levels in cerebrospinal fluid. In this report, we describe the clinical course of an immunosuppressed patient with Chagas central nervous system involvement. He was treated successfully with larger benznidazole doses than are recommended, in order to reach therapeutically effective concentrations in the brain.
Assuntos
Encéfalo/metabolismo , Doença de Chagas/imunologia , Imunossupressores/administração & dosagem , Transplante de Rim , Nitroimidazóis/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Hospedeiro Imunocomprometido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nitroimidazóis/farmacocinéticaRESUMO
PURPOSE: To assess the impact in pathological complete response (pCR) and outcome of two dose-dense neoadjuvant chemotherapy (DDNC) regimens among different histological subtypes determined by hormonal receptor (HR) and HER2 status in breast cancer patients. METHODS: A total of 127 breast cancer patients were treated with DDNC in two prospective studies. A: adriamycin 40 mg/m(2) on day (d) 1 plus paclitaxel 150 mg/m(2) and gemcitabine 2,000 mg/m(2) on d2 for six cycles (n = 54). B: epirubicin 90 mg/m(2), cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m(2) on d1 for three cycles, followed by paclitaxel 150 mg/m(2) and gemcitabine 2,500 mg/m(2) on d1 ± trastuzumab according to HER2 status (n = 73). Histological subtypes of breast cancer were 49 % HR+/HER2-, 17.5 % HR+/HER2+, 13.5 % HR-/HER2+ and 20 % HR-/HER2-. RESULTS: pCR (absence of invasive cells in breast and lymph node) was achieved in 35 patients (28 %). The pCR rate was significantly different between histological subtypes: HR+/HER2- (9 %), HR+/HER2+ (23 %), HR-/HER2+ (50 %), HR-/HER2- (56 %) (p < 0.001). The median follow-up was 81 months (r: 15-150 months). HR-/HER2- tumor subtype had a significantly worse DFS compared to HR+/HER2- (p = 0.02), RH+/HER2+ (p = 0.04) and HR-/HER2+ tumor subtypes (p = 0.02). HR-/HER2- tumor subtype had a significantly shorter OS compared to HR+/HER2- (p = 0.007), RH+/HER2+ (p = 0.05), and HR-/HER2+ (p = 0.03) tumor subtypes. However, no significant difference was observed in DFS and OS among HR-/HER2- tumors that achieved a pCR. CONCLUSIONS: HR-/HER2- and HR-/HER2+ subtypes had a high pCR rate to DDNC. HR-/HER2- tumors had a worse outcome compared to other tumor subtypes but no significant difference was observed among HR-/HER2- tumors that achieved a pCR.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Terapia Neoadjuvante , Receptor ErbB-2/metabolismo , Receptores de Estrogênio/metabolismo , Receptores de Progesterona/metabolismo , Adulto , Idoso , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Mama/mortalidade , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/metabolismo , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/mortalidade , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/patologia , Carcinoma Lobular/metabolismo , Carcinoma Lobular/mortalidade , Carcinoma Lobular/patologia , Quimioterapia Adjuvante , Ciclofosfamida/administração & dosagem , Desoxicitidina/administração & dosagem , Desoxicitidina/análogos & derivados , Doxorrubicina/administração & dosagem , Epirubicina/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Paclitaxel/administração & dosagem , Prognóstico , Estudos Prospectivos , Indução de Remissão , Taxa de Sobrevida , Trastuzumab , GencitabinaRESUMO
We coordinated biogeographical comparisons of the impacts of an exotic invasive tree in its native and non-native ranges with a congeneric comparison in the non-native range. Prosopis juliflora is taxonomically complicated and with P. pallida forms the P. juliflora complex. Thus we sampled P. juliflora in its native Venezuela, and also located two field sites in Peru, the native range of Prosopis pallida. Canopies of Prosopis juliflora, a native of the New World but an invader in many other regions, had facilitative effects on the diversity of other species in its native Venezuela, and P. pallida had both negative and positive effects depending on the year, (overall neutral effects) in its native Peru. However, in India and Hawaii, USA, where P. juliflora is an aggressive invader, canopy effects were consistently and strongly negative on species richness. Prosopis cineraria, a native to India, had much weaker effects on species richness in India than P. juliflora. We carried out multiple congeneric comparisons between P. juliflora and P. cineraria, and found that soil from the rhizosphere of P. juliflora had higher extractable phosphorus, soluble salts and total phenolics than P. cineraria rhizosphere soils. Experimentally applied P. juliflora litter caused far greater mortality of native Indian species than litter from P. cineraria. Prosopis juliflora leaf leachate had neutral to negative effects on root growth of three common crop species of north-west India whereas P. cineraria leaf leachate had positive effects. Prosopis juliflora leaf leachate also had higher concentrations of total phenolics and L-tryptophan than P. cineraria, suggesting a potential allelopathic mechanism for the congeneric differences. Our results also suggest the possibility of regional evolutionary trajectories among competitors and that recent mixing of species from different trajectories has the potential to disrupt evolved interactions among native species.
Assuntos
Ecossistema , Folhas de Planta/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Raízes de Plantas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Prosopis/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Geografia , Havaí , Índia , Peru , Fenóis/metabolismo , Fósforo/metabolismo , Folhas de Planta/metabolismo , Raízes de Plantas/metabolismo , Densidade Demográfica , Dinâmica Populacional , Prosopis/classificação , Prosopis/metabolismo , Rizosfera , Sais/metabolismo , Solo/análise , Especificidade da Espécie , Estados Unidos , VenezuelaRESUMO
The aim of the present paper is to propose and evaluate an automatically trained cascaded boosting detector algorithm based on morphological segmentation for tracking handball players. The proposed method was able to detect correctly 84% of players when applied to the second period of that same game used for training and 74% when applied to a different game. Furthermore, the analysis of the automatic training using boosting detector revealed general results such as the training time initially increased with the number of figures used, but as more figures were added, the training time decreased. Automatic morphological segmentation has shown to be a fast and efficient method for selecting image regions for the boosting detector and allowed an improvement in the automatic tracking of handball players.
Assuntos
Algoritmos , Braço/fisiologia , Esportes , Calibragem , HumanosRESUMO
Distyly has been interpreted as a mechanism that favors cross-fertilization. In this research we describe floral attributes and ancillary floral polymorphisms typically associated to heterostylous plants in Palicourea demissa (Rubiaceae), a distylous shrub of the Venezuelan Andes cloud forests. A hand-pollination experiment was done to evaluate self- and intramorph incompatibility and female reproductive output in both floral morphs. The studied population was morphologically distylous but morph differences in most ancillary floral polymorphisms and reciprocity of the sexual organ heights were found. The floral morphs were self-incompatible and did not differ in fruit set under controlled cross-pollination conditions, but at the population level they exhibited imperfect reciprocal herkogamy. Fruits and seeds of short-styled plants were larger than those of long-styled plants and fruit set was higher in short-styled plants under natural conditions, suggesting a higher reproductive potential among short-styled plants. Given the 1:1 morph ratio within the studied population, further evidence is needed to determine the influence of floral visitors and seed dispersers in the expression of heterostyly in P. demissa under natural conditions.
Assuntos
Flores/anatomia & histologia , Flores/fisiologia , Rubiaceae/anatomia & histologia , Rubiaceae/fisiologia , Frutas/anatomia & histologia , Modelos Lineares , Polinização , Reprodução/fisiologia , Sementes/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
Trypanosoma cruzi congenital transmission in wild bats (Molossus molossus), associated with infected Rhodnius prolixus in a natural habitat from a rural locality in western Venezuela, is reported. T. cruzi blood circulating trypomastigotes in a pregnant bat were detected by parasitological methods. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays carried out in samples from the heart and the fetus of the same infected female, revealed the presence of T. cruzi-specific DNA in both of the tissues, demonstrating transmission of the infection from the mother to the offspring. Eighty percent of the captured bats and 100% of the examined fetuses from pregnant specimens were shown to be infected by T. cruzi, indicating that M. molossus is a very susceptible species for this parasite, and that T. cruzi congenital transmission is a common phenomenon in nature. To our knowledge, this seems to be the first report on congenital T. cruzi transmission in wild bats in Venezuela. The circulation of T. cruzi lineage I in the study area was demonstrated by typing the isolates from bats and triatomine bugs captured in the same habitat. The potential epidemiological implication of these findings in areas where Chagas disease is endemic is discussed.
Assuntos
Quirópteros/parasitologia , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolamento & purificação , Animais , DNA de Protozoário/análise , Feminino , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Gravidez , Complicações Parasitárias na Gravidez/sangue , Complicações Parasitárias na Gravidez/parasitologia , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Trypanosoma cruzi/genéticaRESUMO
Desde la introducción del tension free vaginal tape (TVT) para el tratamiento de la IOE se ha popularizado como técnica quirúrgica relativamente estándar y comparable. El TVT a 7 años ha mostrado buenos resultados y pocas complicaciones en la serie histórica. El TVT además ha modificado los conceptos en que se basan la mayoría de las técnicas quirúrgicas para la IOE. Nuestro objetivo es mostrar los resultados quirúrgicos a corto y largo plazo de la técnica TVT, para lo cual realizamos una revisión retrospectiva de los registros de las pacientes operadas con la técnica TVT consignando resultados terapéuticos y complicaciones. En el período agosto 2000 a agosto del 2007 hemos operado 129 pacientes con esta técnica. El seguimiento promedio fue de 45,7 meses. El promedio de edad fue de 56 años. En 71 (55 por ciento) pacientes existía el antecedente de cirugía ginecológica o de incontinencia previa. Complicaciones intraoperatorias y post-operatorias inmediatas fueron sangramiento severo en 1 (0,8 por ciento)paciente, perforación vesical en 5 (3,9 por ciento), retención de orina en 11 (8,5 por ciento) y urgencia de Novo en 13 (10 por ciento) pacientes. Cinco pacientes debieron ser sometidas a uretrolisis por síntomas obstructivos bajos u obstrucción. Tuvimos 3 pacientes con erosión, una con cierre espontáneo y dos en que debió ser retirada la malla. De las 113 pacientes con más de 12 meses de seguimiento 13 (11,5 ciento) persisten con IOE y 100 (88,1 por ciento) se encuentran continentes. En nuestra experiencia la cirugía TVT ha reproducido con éxito los resultados originales, siendo una técnica poco invasiva recomendable para resolver.
The minimally invasive TVT procedure and similar techniques of sling placement with reported cure rate for stress incontinence from 84 percent to 95 percent, have replaced most of stress urinary incontinence procedures. The aim of the present study is to evaluate TVT outcome in our hospital. We performed a retrospective review of the hospital database between August 2000 and August 2007. 129 patients were identified with TVT surgery as treatment for stress urinary incontinence. The mean age was 56years old. 71 patients (55 percent) had a previous SUI or prolapsed surgery. Mean follow up was 45.7 months. 113 patients had a follow up longer than 12 months with a success rate of 88.5 percent (100 patients). Immediate complications were defined as bleeding, bladder perforation and postoperative urinary retention and occurred in 1 patients (0.77 percent), 5 patients (3.9 percent), 6 patients (4,65 percent) respectively. We had de novo urgency in 13 patients (10 percent). Three patients (2.3 percent) had vaginal erosion, in 2 cases we removed the mesh. Five patients (3.9 percent) had postoperative voiding disfunction that requiered urethrolysis. Subjetive complete cure rate was 88,1percent for the 113 women available for follow-up. According to our data, TVT shows good outcome in the treatment of SUI. TVT is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive option.