RESUMO
The aim of this research was to investigate natural hemoplasma infection in cats treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso, and the factors associated with infection. Blood samples from 151 cats of different sexes, breeds, and ages were analyzed by PCR and blood count. The overall occurrence of hemoplasma was 25.8%. Mycoplasma haemofelis (Mhf), Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum (CMhm), and Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis (CMt) were observed in 15.2%, 14.6% and 2.6% of cats, respectively. In 6.6 % of cases, co-infection was observed. Male felines or mixed breed cats were associated with infection by CMhm (P = 0.02 and 0.04, respectively). The data obtained demonstrated an occurrence of 25.8% for hemoplasma infection in felines coming from clinical care in the city of Cuiabá, where males were at higher risk of acquiring the infection by these agents, in addition to a higher risk for CMhm in felines with no specific breed.(AU)
O objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar a ocorrência de Mycoplasma haemofelis (Mhf), Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum (CMhm) e Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis (CMt) em felinos atendidos no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso e os fatores associados à positividade. Amostras de sangue de 151 felinos, dos distintos gêneros, raças e idades foram analisadas pela PCR e hemograma. A ocorrência geral de hemoplasmas foi de 25,8% e positividade para Mhf, CMhm e CMt foi observada em 15,2%, 14,6% e 2,6% felinos, respectivamente. Em 6.6% dos casos foi observado co-positividade. Apenas a variável sexo, macho (p = 0,02), foi associada à positividade para hemoplasmas. Felinos sem raça definida foram associados à positividade para CMhm (p = 0,04). Os dados obtidos demonstram prevalência de 25,8% para hemoplasmas em felinos provenientes de atendimento clínico do Hospital Veterinário da UFMT, onde os machos apresentaram maior risco de adquirir a infecção por estes agentes, além de maior risco para CMhm nos felinos sem definição racial.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Gatos , Infecções por Mycoplasma/epidemiologia , Mycoplasma , Medidas de Ocorrência de Doenças , BrasilRESUMO
The aim of this research was to investigate natural hemoplasma infection in cats treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso, and the factors associated with infection. Blood samples from 151 cats of different sexes, breeds, and ages were analyzed by PCR and blood count. The overall occurrence of hemoplasma was 25.8%. Mycoplasma haemofelis (Mhf), Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum (CMhm), and Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis (CMt) were observed in 15.2%, 14.6% and 2.6% of cats, respectively. In 6.6 % of cases, co-infection was observed. Male felines or mixed breed cats were associated with infection by CMhm (P = 0.02 and 0.04, respectively). The data obtained demonstrated an occurrence of 25.8% for hemoplasma infection in felines coming from clinical care in the city of Cuiabá, where males were at higher risk of acquiring the infection by these agents, in addition to a higher risk for CMhm in felines with no specific breed.
O objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar a ocorrência de Mycoplasma haemofelis (Mhf), Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum (CMhm) e Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis (CMt) em felinos atendidos no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso e os fatores associados à positividade. Amostras de sangue de 151 felinos, dos distintos gêneros, raças e idades foram analisadas pela PCR e hemograma. A ocorrência geral de hemoplasmas foi de 25,8% e positividade para Mhf, CMhm e CMt foi observada em 15,2%, 14,6% e 2,6% felinos, respectivamente. Em 6.6% dos casos foi observado co-positividade. Apenas a variável sexo, macho (p = 0,02), foi associada à positividade para hemoplasmas. Felinos sem raça definida foram associados à positividade para CMhm (p = 0,04). Os dados obtidos demonstram prevalência de 25,8% para hemoplasmas em felinos provenientes de atendimento clínico do Hospital Veterinário da UFMT, onde os machos apresentaram maior risco de adquirir a infecção por estes agentes, além de maior risco para CMhm nos felinos sem definição racial.
Assuntos
Animais , Gatos , Infecções por Mycoplasma/epidemiologia , Medidas de Ocorrência de Doenças , Mycoplasma , BrasilRESUMO
Leishmania infantum chagasi liver parasite load was compared to hemostatic abnormalities, as well as to clinical, laboratorial, and histopathological findings in dogs with visceral leishmaniasis. The liver parasite load of 30 dogs L. infantum chagasi naturally-infected was evaluated by quantitative real- time PCR and the results were compared with serum biochemistry and primary and secondary hemostasis findings. Moreover, hepatic histological lesions were described in these dogs. Prolonged bleeding time, prothrombin time (PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), were observed in the group with visceral leishmaniasis. Eleven dogs presented inflammatory liver lesions, with predominance of mild multifocal mononuclear periportal hepatitis. No association between the presence of parasites and abnormalities in screening tests was observed by Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. The clinical progression in leishmaniasis is associated with the occurrence of hemorrhagic diathesis, which depends not only on the presence of the parasite but also the inflammatory process, compromised immunological response, hepatic and renal failure in symptomatic dogs.
Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/sangue , Hemostasia , Leishmania infantum , Leishmaniose Visceral/veterinária , Carga Parasitária/veterinária , Animais , Cães , Leishmaniose Visceral/sangueRESUMO
Leishmania infantum chagasi liver parasite load was compared to hemostatic abnormalities, as well as to clinical, laboratorial, and histopathological findings in dogs with visceral leishmaniasis. The liver parasite load of 30 dogs L. infantum chagasi naturally-infected was evaluated by quantitative real- time PCR and the results were compared with serum biochemistry and primary and secondary hemostasis findings. Moreover, hepatic histological lesions were described in these dogs. Prolonged bleeding time, prothrombin time (PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), were observed in the group with visceral leishmaniasis. Eleven dogs presented inflammatory liver lesions, with predominance of mild multifocal mononuclear periportal hepatitis. No association between the presence of parasites and abnormalities in screening tests was observed by Spearmans rank correlation coefficient. The clinical progression in leishmaniasis is associated with the occurrence of hemorrhagic diathesis, which depends not only on the presence of the parasite but also the inflammatory process, compromised immunological response, hepatic and renal failure in symptomatic dogs.(AU)
A carga parasitária de Leishmania infantum chagasi do fígado foi comparada às anormalidades hemostáticas, bem como aos achados clínicos, laboratoriais e histopatológicos em cães com leishmaniose visceral. A carga parasitária do fígado de 30 cães naturalmente infectados por L. infantum chagasi foi avaliada por PCR quantitativo em tempo real e os resultados foram comparados com bioquímica sérica e achados de hemostasia primária e secundária. Além disso, foram descritas as lesões hepáticas nestes cães. Prolongado tempo de sangramento, tempo de protrombina (TP) e tempo de tromboplastina parcial ativada (TTPA) foram observados no grupo com leishmaniose visceral. Onze cães apresentaram lesões inflamatórias no fígado, predominando hepatite periportal mononuclear multifocal. Não foi observada associação entre a presença de parasitos e as anormalidades nos testes laboratoriais por correlação de Spearman. A progressão clínica na leishmaniose está associada com a ocorrência de diátese hemorrágica, que depende não só da presença do parasito, mas também do processo inflamatório, do comprometimento da resposta imunológica e da falência renal e hepática em cães sintomáticos.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Cães/parasitologia , Leishmania infantum , Leishmaniose/veterinária , Coagulação SanguíneaRESUMO
Abstract Leishmania infantum chagasi liver parasite load was compared to hemostatic abnormalities, as well as to clinical, laboratorial, and histopathological findings in dogs with visceral leishmaniasis. The liver parasite load of 30 dogs L. infantum chagasi naturally-infected was evaluated by quantitative real- time PCR and the results were compared with serum biochemistry and primary and secondary hemostasis findings. Moreover, hepatic histological lesions were described in these dogs. Prolonged bleeding time, prothrombin time (PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), were observed in the group with visceral leishmaniasis. Eleven dogs presented inflammatory liver lesions, with predominance of mild multifocal mononuclear periportal hepatitis. No association between the presence of parasites and abnormalities in screening tests was observed by Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. The clinical progression in leishmaniasis is associated with the occurrence of hemorrhagic diathesis, which depends not only on the presence of the parasite but also the inflammatory process, compromised immunological response, hepatic and renal failure in symptomatic dogs.
Resumo A carga parasitária de Leishmania infantum chagasi do fígado foi comparada às anormalidades hemostáticas, bem como aos achados clínicos, laboratoriais e histopatológicos em cães com leishmaniose visceral. A carga parasitária do fígado de 30 cães naturalmente infectados por L. infantum chagasi foi avaliada por PCR quantitativo em tempo real e os resultados foram comparados com bioquímica sérica e achados de hemostasia primária e secundária. Além disso, foram descritas as lesões hepáticas nestes cães. Prolongado tempo de sangramento, tempo de protrombina (TP) e tempo de tromboplastina parcial ativada (TTPA) foram observados no grupo com leishmaniose visceral. Onze cães apresentaram lesões inflamatórias no fígado, predominando hepatite periportal mononuclear multifocal. Não foi observada associação entre a presença de parasitos e as anormalidades nos testes laboratoriais por correlação de Spearman. A progressão clínica na leishmaniose está associada com a ocorrência de diátese hemorrágica, que depende não só da presença do parasito, mas também do processo inflamatório, do comprometimento da resposta imunológica e da falência renal e hepática em cães sintomáticos.
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Leishmania infantum , Doenças do Cão/sangue , Carga Parasitária/veterinária , Hemostasia , Leishmaniose Visceral/veterinária , Leishmaniose Visceral/sangueRESUMO
The aim of this report is to describe the clinical, pathological and imaging findings and treatment of colitis caused by Pythium insidiosum in a canine presenting haematochezia and progressive weight loss. Through imaging, a thickening of the transverse and descending colon was observed. Histopathological analysis of the large intestine fragment revealed the presence of hyphae, confirmed by immunohistochemistry and PCR as P. insidiosum. Antifungal treatment with itraconazole implemented after partial surgical resection, resulted in control of the disease.(AU)
O objetivo deste relato é descrever os achados clínico-patológicos, de imagem e o tratamento de colite por Pythium insidiosum em canino apresentando hematoquezia e emagrecimento progressivo. Nos exames de imagem, foram observados espessamento do cólon transverso e descendente. Análise histopatológica de fragmento do intestino grosso revelou a presença de hifas, confirmado pela imuno-histoquímica e PCR como P. insidiosum. Terapia antifúngica com itraconazol foi instituída pós-ressecção cirúrgica parcial, obtendo-se controle da doença.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Doenças do Cão , Colite/diagnóstico , Colite/terapia , Colite/veterinária , Pythium/patogenicidadeRESUMO
ABSTRACT: The aim of this report is to describe the clinical, pathological and imaging findings and treatment of colitis caused by Pythium insidiosum in a canine presenting haematochezia and progressive weight loss. Through imaging, a thickening of the transverse and descending colon was observed. Histopathological analysis of the large intestine fragment revealed the presence of hyphae, confirmed by immunohistochemistry and PCR as P. insidiosum. Antifungal treatment with itraconazole implemented after partial surgical resection, resulted in control of the disease.
RESUMO: O objetivo deste relato é descrever os achados clínico-patológicos, de imagem e o tratamento de colite por Pythium insidiosum em canino apresentando hematoquezia e emagrecimento progressivo. Nos exames de imagem, foram observados espessamento do cólon transverso e descendente. Análise histopatológica de fragmento do intestino grosso revelou a presença de hifas, confirmado pela imuno-histoquímica e PCR como P. insidiosum. Terapia antifúngica com itraconazol foi instituída pós-ressecção cirúrgica parcial, obtendo-se controle da doença.
RESUMO
The dengue virus (DENV), which is frequently involved in large epidemics, and the yellow fever virus (YFV), which is responsible for sporadic sylvatic outbreaks, are considered the most important flaviviruses circulating in Brazil. Because of that, laboratorial diagnosis of acute undifferentiated febrile illness during epidemic periods is frequently directed towards these viruses, which may eventually hinder the detection of other circulating flaviviruses, including the Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), which is widely dispersed across the Americas. The aim of this study was to conduct a molecular investigation of 11 flaviviruses using 604 serum samples obtained from patients during a large dengue fever outbreak in the state of Mato Grosso (MT) between 2011 and 2012. Simultaneously, 3,433 female Culex spp. collected with Nasci aspirators in the city of Cuiabá, MT, in 2013, and allocated to 409 pools containing 1-10 mosquitoes, were also tested by multiplex semi-nested reverse transcription PCR for the same flaviviruses. SLEV was detected in three patients co-infected with DENV-4 from the cities of Cuiabá and Várzea Grande. One of them was a triple co-infection with DENV-1. None of them mentioned recent travel or access to sylvatic/rural regions, indicating that transmission might have occurred within the metropolitan area. Regarding mosquito samples, one pool containing one Culex quinquefasciatus female was positive for SLEV, with a minimum infection rate (MIR) of 0.29 per 1000 specimens of this species. Phylogenetic analysis indicates both human and mosquito SLEV cluster, with isolates from genotype V-A obtained from animals in the Amazon region, in the state of Pará. This is the first report of SLEV molecular identification in MT.
Assuntos
Culex/virologia , Dengue/epidemiologia , Vírus da Encefalite de St. Louis/genética , Encefalite de St. Louis/epidemiologia , RNA Viral/genética , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Vírus da Encefalite de St. Louis/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Genótipo , Humanos , Filogenia , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
The dengue virus (DENV), which is frequently involved in large epidemics, and the yellow fever virus (YFV), which is responsible for sporadic sylvatic outbreaks, are considered the most important flaviviruses circulating in Brazil. Because of that, laboratorial diagnosis of acute undifferentiated febrile illness during epidemic periods is frequently directed towards these viruses, which may eventually hinder the detection of other circulating flaviviruses, including the Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), which is widely dispersed across the Americas. The aim of this study was to conduct a molecular investigation of 11 flaviviruses using 604 serum samples obtained from patients during a large dengue fever outbreak in the state of Mato Grosso (MT) between 2011 and 2012. Simultaneously, 3,433 female Culex spp. collected with Nasci aspirators in the city of Cuiabá, MT, in 2013, and allocated to 409 pools containing 1-10 mosquitoes, were also tested by multiplex semi-nested reverse transcription PCR for the same flaviviruses. SLEV was detected in three patients co-infected with DENV-4 from the cities of Cuiabá and Várzea Grande. One of them was a triple co-infection with DENV-1. None of them mentioned recent travel or access to sylvatic/rural regions, indicating that transmission might have occurred within the metropolitan area. Regarding mosquito samples, one pool containing one Culex quinquefasciatus female was positive for SLEV, with a minimum infection rate (MIR) of 0.29 per 1000 specimens of this species. Phylogenetic analysis indicates both human and mosquito SLEV cluster, with isolates from genotype V-A obtained from animals in the Amazon region, in the state of Pará. This is the first report of SLEV molecular identification in MT.
O vírus da dengue (DENV), frequentemente envolvido em epidemias de grande proporção, e o vírus da febre amarela (YFV), responsável por surtos silvestres esporádicos, são considerados os flavivírus circulantes mais importantes no Brasil. Por este motivo, o diagnóstico laboratorial de doença febril aguda indiferenciada durante períodos epidêmicos é frequentemente direcionado para dengue e febre amarela no país, dificultando a detecção de outros arbovírus possivelmente circulantes, incluindo o vírus da encefalite de Saint Louis (SLEV), que é amplamente disperso nas Américas. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar molecularmente a presença de 11 flavivírus no soro de 604 pacientes durante grande epidemia de dengue no estado de Mato Grosso (MT), Centro-Oeste do Brasil, entre 2011- 2012. Concomitantemente, 3.433 fêmeas de Culex spp. capturadas com aspirador de Nasci na cidade de Cuiabá, MT e alocadas em 409 pools com 1-10 mosquitos em 2013 foram testadas por multiplex seminested RT-PCR para os mesmos flavivírus. O SLEV foi detectado em três pacientes co-infectados com o DENV-4 das cidades de Cuiabá e Várzea Grande, MT. Um dos pacientes apresentava tripla co-infecção com DENV-1. Nenhum paciente referiu histórico recente de viagem ou acesso a áreas rurais/silvestres. Um pool contendo uma fêmea de Culex quinquefasciatus foi positivo para o SLEV, apresentando taxa de infecção mínima (MIR) de 0,29 por 1000 espécimes desta espécie. A análise filogenética indica que ambas as amostras formam um cluster com isolados do genótipo V-A do SLEV obtidos de animais na região amazônica do estado do Pará. Este é o primeiro relato de identificação molecular do SLEV no MT.
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Humanos , Culex/virologia , Dengue/epidemiologia , Vírus da Encefalite de St. Louis/genética , Encefalite de St. Louis/epidemiologia , RNA Viral/genética , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Vírus da Encefalite de St. Louis/isolamento & purificação , Genótipo , Filogenia , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii are pathogenic yeasts that cause life-threatening diseases in humans and animals. Iron is an essential nutrient for virtually every organism as it functions as a cofactor in numerous essential enzymatic reactions. In the literature, the competition for iron between microbes and mammalian hosts during infection is well documented. In this study, we used representational difference analysis (RDA) in order to gain a better understanding of how C. gattii responds to iron starvation. A total of 15 and 29 genes were identified as having altered expression levels due to iron depletion after 3 h and 12 h, respectively. Of these, eight genes were identified in both libraries. The transcripts were related to many biological processes, such as cell cycle, ergosterol metabolism, cell wall organization, transportation, translation, cell respiration and the stress response. These data suggest a remodeling of C. gattii metabolism during conditions of iron deprivation.