RESUMO
1. Mitochondrial DNAs from Dactylium dendroides, Hypomyces rosellus, Fusarium graminearum, Gibberella fujikuroi, Fusarium tricinctum strains and a galactose oxidase (GAO)-producing mold (original strain) presented distinctive restriction enzyme fragment patterns with the endonucleases Hind III and EcoRI. 2. A small number of comigrating bands was found when the GAO-producing mold was compared with the others. The molecular size of mtDNA from the GAO-producing mold, as judged by summation of fragment sizes produced by digestion with EcoRI, Hind III and Bgl II, is 61.3 +/- 2.16 kb. 3. The results suggest that the mtDNA from the GAO-producing mold strain is distinct from that of D. dendroides and all other ascomycetes analyzed.
Assuntos
DNA Fúngico/isolamento & purificação , DNA Mitocondrial/isolamento & purificação , Galactose Oxidase/biossíntese , Fungos Mitospóricos/classificação , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , Basidiomycota , Galactose Oxidase/genética , Fungos Mitospóricos/enzimologiaRESUMO
1. Mitochondrial DNAs from Dactylium dendroides, Hypomyces rosellus, Fusarium graminearum, Gibberella fujikuroi, Fusarium tricinctum strains and a galactose oxidase (GAO)-producing mold (original strain) presented distinctive restriction enzyme fragment patterns with the endonucleases Hind III and EcoRI. 2. A small number of comigrating bands was found when the GAO-producing mold was compared with the others. The molecular size of mtDNA from the GAO-producing mold, as judged by summation of fragment sizes produced by digestion with EcoRI, Hind III and Bgl II, is 61.3 +/- 2.16 kb. 3. The results suggest that the mtDNA from the GAO-producing mold strain is distinct from that of D. dendroides and all other ascomycetes analyzed
Assuntos
DNA Fúngico/isolamento & purificação , DNA Mitocondrial/isolamento & purificação , Galactose Oxidase/biossíntese , Fungos Mitospóricos/classificação , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , Basidiomycota , Galactose Oxidase/genética , Fungos Mitospóricos/enzimologiaRESUMO
The responsibilities, competencies and subcompetencies of the Health Education Specialists of the State Health Department of S. Paulo are assessed in this study with a view to verifying the agreement, or otherwise, between the proposals for the technical activity of these health professionals in Brazil and in the United States. With this end in view the document entitled "A Framework for the Development of Competency-based Curricula for Entry--level Health Education" was utilized as the basis for the questions included in the questionnaires submitted to health educators. The results describe the degree of importance attributed to the technical responsibilities and the frequency with which these are performed in the service network of the State Health Department of S. Paulo, Brazil.
Assuntos
Currículo , Educação em Saúde/normas , Competência Profissional , Brasil , Planejamento em Saúde/normas , Humanos , Responsabilidade Social , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
The results of a research project carried out along with head-physicians of the Municipal Health Services (PAMs) of the city of S. Paulo in order to survey their knowledge, expectations and willingness to participate in and incentivate educational programs in the various PAMs, are reported on. An open-ended questionnaire was answered by 88.6% of the head-physicians. Results showed that the concept of health of the majority of the PAMs' head-physicians (66.3%) was coincidental with that adopted by the WHO. Only 2.9% considered that health is related to quality of life. Health education was seen as the provision of information by 70.0%; only 6.7% recognized their responsibility for the process of social and health change. According to 68.2% of them, health actions were acknowledged to be useful tools for making the users aware of the importance of having the diseases treated. Health actions, their planning, implementation and evaluation were considered to be the responsibility of all who work at the PAMs, but mainly of nurses, social workers and the health educator. Some difficulties in implementing educational activities were indicated; among them being lack of sufficient material and adequate space for their implementation, lack of professional Public Health Educators and, mainly, a lack of motivation on the part of both staff and population. The majority of the head-physicians recognized that educational activities are important, that they are carried out at least by part of their staffs, although frequently hampered by technical and operational difficulties.
Assuntos
Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Serviços de Saúde Comunitária , Educação em Saúde , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Diretores Médicos , Brasil , HumanosRESUMO
A study was carried out into alimentary taboos in two localities (São Félix and Murumuru) in the county of Marabá, State of Pará, Brazil. Ninety families were studied in São Félix and thirty-five in Murumuru. As regards the feeding taboos found, the most frequent was that prohibiting the simultaneous ingestion of milk and various types of fruit, including especially mango, orange, cashew and pineapple. The ingestion of eggs with fruit was also considered harmful as well as the eating of mammalian flesh at the same time as fish. Restrictions based on taboos were more frequent during breast feeding than during pregnancy, especially those regarding game flesh and fish that abound in the region under study. The most frequently mentioned reasons for the restrictions were: "the combination causes harm", "the combination kills", "the combination causes congestion" and "it causes vomiting".