RESUMO

ABSTRACT Purpose To evaluate the morphological and stereological parameters of the testicles in mice exposed to bisphenol S and/or high-fat diet-induced obesity. Material and Methods Forty adult male C57BL/6 mice were fed a standard diet (SC) or high-fat diet (HF) for a total of 12 weeks. The sample was randomly divided into 4 experimental groups with 10 mices as follows: a) SC - animals fed a standard diet; b) SC-B - animals fed a standard diet and administration of BPS (25 μg/kg of body mass/day) in drinking water; c) HF: animals fed a high-fat diet; d) HF-B - animals fed a high-fat diet and administration of BPS (25 μg/Kg of body mass/day) in drinking water. BPS administration lasted 12 weeks, following exposure to the SC and HF diets. BPS was diluted in absolute ethanol (0.1%) and added to drinking water (concentration of 25 μg/kg body weight/day). The animals were euthanized, and the testes were processed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) for morphometric and stereological parameters, including density of seminiferous tubules per area, length density and total length of seminiferous tubules, height of the tunica albuginea and the diameter of the seminiferous tubules. The images were captured with an Olympus BX51 microscope and Olympus DP70 camera. The stereological analysis was done with the Image Pro and Image J programs. Means were statistically compared using ANOVA and the Holm-Sidak post-test (p<0.05). Results The seminiferous tubule density per area reduced in all groups when compared with SC samples (p<0.001): HF (40%), SC-B 3(2%), and HF-B (36%). Length density was reduced significantly (p<0.001) in all groups when compared with SC group: HF (40%), SC-B (32%), and HF-B (36%). The seminiferous tubule total length was reduced (p<0.001) when compared to f HF (28%) and SC-B (26%) groups. The tubule diameter increased significantly (p<0.001) only when we compared the SC group with SC (54%) an SC-B (25%) groups and the tunica thickness increased significantly only in HF group (117%) when compared with SC-B (20%) and HF-B 31%. Conclusion Animals exposed to bisphenol S and/or high-fat diet-induced obesity presented important structural alterations in testicular morphology.

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To evaluate the morphological and stereological parameters of the testicles in mice exposed to bisphenol S and/or high-fat diet-induced obesity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty adult male C57BL/6 mice were fed a standard diet (SC) or high-fat diet (HF) for a total of 12 weeks. The sample was randomly divided into 4 experimental groups with 10 mices as follows: a) SC - animals fed a standard diet; b) SC-B - animals fed a standard diet and administration of BPS (25 µg/kg of body mass/day) in drinking water; c) HF: animals fed a high-fat diet; d) HF-B - animals fed a high-fat diet and administration of BPS (25 µg/Kg of body mass/day) in drinking water. BPS administration lasted 12 weeks, following exposure to the SC and HF diets. BPS was diluted in absolute ethanol (0.1%) and added to drinking water (concentration of 25 µg/kg body weight/day). The animals were euthanized, and the testes were processed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) for morphometric and stereological parameters, including density of seminiferous tubules per area, length density and total length of seminiferous tubules, height of the tunica albuginea and the diameter of the seminiferous tubules. The images were captured with an Olympus BX51 microscope and Olympus DP70 camera. The stereological analysis was done with the Image Pro and Image J programs. Means were statistically compared using ANOVA and the Holm-Sidak post-test (p<0.05). RESULTS: The seminiferous tubule density per area reduced in all groups when compared with SC samples (p<0.001): HF (40%), SC-B 3(2%), and HF-B (36%). Length density was reduced significantly (p<0.001) in all groups when compared with SC group: HF (40%), SC-B (32%), and HF-B (36%). The seminiferous tubule total length was reduced (p<0.001) when compared to f HF (28%) and SC-B (26%) groups. The tubule diameter increased significantly (p<0.001) only when we compared the SC group with SC (54%) an SC-B (25%) groups and the tunica thickness increased significantly only in HF group (117%) when compared with SC-B (20%) and HF-B 31%. CONCLUSION: Animals exposed to bisphenol S and/or high-fat diet-induced obesity presented important structural alterations in testicular morphology.

Assuntos

RESUMO

New Zealand rabbits are widely used as experimental models and represent an important casuistic in veterinary practices. The musculoskeletal conformation of rabbits frequently leads to the occurrence of lumbosacral lesions with neural involvement. In order to contribute to the comparative anatomy and the understanding of these lesions, the origin and distribution of the obturator nerves of 30 New Zealand rabbits (15 males and 15 females) previously fixed in 10% formaldehyde were studied by dissection. The obturator nerves were originated from the ventral spinal branches of L6 and L7 in 63.3% of the cases, L5 and L6 in 13.4%, only L7 in 13.4%, L7 and S1 in 6.6 % and of L6, L7 and S1 in 3.3%. The spinal segment that most contributed to the formation of the nerve was L7 (86.6% of the nerves). The obturator nerves emitted in all the specimens, a variable number of branches for the internal obturator, external obturator, pectineum, adductor and gracilis muscles. No significant differences were observed between the frequencies of the origin and muscular branches of the obturator nerves when comparing sex and antimers.(AU)

Coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia são amplamente usados como modelos experimentais e representam uma parcela importante dos atendimentos em consultórios veterinários. A conformação músculo-esquelética dos coelhos torna frequente a ocorrência de lesões lombossacrais com comprometimento neural. Visando contribuir para a anatomia comparada e no entendimento destas lesões, foram estudadas por dissecção a origem e a distribuição dos nervos obturatórios de 30 cadáveres de coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia (15 machos e 15 fêmeas) fixados previamente em formaldeído a 10%. O nervo obturatório formou-se a partir dos ramos ventrais de L6 e L7 em 63,3% dos casos, de L5 e L6 em 13,4%, apenas de L7 em 13,4%, de L7 e S1 em 6,6% e de L6, L7 e S1 em 3,3%. O segmento espinhal que mais contribuiu para a formação do nervo foi L7 (86,6% dos nervos). Os nervos obturatórios emitiram em todos os animais, número variável de ramos para os músculos obturador interno, obturador externo, pectíneo, adutor e grácil. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre as frequências da origem e de ramos musculares dos nervos obturatórios quando comparados sexo e antímeros.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

New Zealand rabbits are widely used as experimental models and represent an important casuistic in veterinary practices. The musculoskeletal conformation of rabbits frequently leads to the occurrence of lumbosacral lesions with neural involvement. In order to contribute to the comparative anatomy and the understanding of these lesions, the origin and distribution of the obturator nerves of 30 New Zealand rabbits (15 males and 15 females) previously fixed in 10% formaldehyde were studied by dissection. The obturator nerves were originated from the ventral spinal branches of L6 and L7 in 63.3% of the cases, L5 and L6 in 13.4%, only L7 in 13.4%, L7 and S1 in 6.6 % and of L6, L7 and S1 in 3.3%. The spinal segment that most contributed to the formation of the nerve was L7 (86.6% of the nerves). The obturator nerves emitted in all the specimens, a variable number of branches for the internal obturator, external obturator, pectineum, adductor and gracilis muscles. No significant differences were observed between the frequencies of the origin and muscular branches of the obturator nerves when comparing sex and antimers.

Coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia são amplamente usados como modelos experimentais e representam uma parcela importante dos atendimentos em consultórios veterinários. A conformação músculo-esquelética dos coelhos torna frequente a ocorrência de lesões lombossacrais com comprometimento neural. Visando contribuir para a anatomia comparada e no entendimento destas lesões, foram estudadas por dissecção a origem e a distribuição dos nervos obturatórios de 30 cadáveres de coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia (15 machos e 15 fêmeas) fixados previamente em formaldeído a 10%. O nervo obturatório formou-se a partir dos ramos ventrais de L6 e L7 em 63,3% dos casos, de L5 e L6 em 13,4%, apenas de L7 em 13,4%, de L7 e S1 em 6,6% e de L6, L7 e S1 em 3,3%. O segmento espinhal que mais contribuiu para a formação do nervo foi L7 (86,6% dos nervos). Os nervos obturatórios emitiram em todos os animais, número variável de ramos para os músculos obturador interno, obturador externo, pectíneo, adutor e grácil. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre as frequências da origem e de ramos musculares dos nervos obturatórios quando comparados sexo e antímeros.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The femoral nerves were studied in newborn goats of Saanen breed (22 males and 11 females) that were collected after natural death and fixed with 10% formaldehyde solution. In males the femoral nerve arose from the ventral spinal branches of L4 and L5 in eight animals (36%); in six animals (27%) it arose from the ventral spinal branches of L5 and L6; in five animals (23%) it arose from the ventral spinal branches of L5; in two animals (9%) it arose from the ventral spinal branches of L4, L5 and L6 and in one animal (5%) it arose from the ventral spinal branches of L5 and L6 and the ventral spinal branches of S1. In females the femoral nerve arose from the ventral spinal branches of L4 and L5 in seven animals (64%); in three animals (27%) it arose from the ventral spinal branches of L5 and L6 and in one animal (9%) it arose from the ventral spinal branches of L4, L5 and L6. In all animals, the femoral nerves were distributed in different branches to the major and minor psoas, femoris quadriceps, sartorius and pectinius muscles.

O nervo femoral foi estudado em 33 caprinos recém-natos da raça Saanen (22 machos e 11 fêmeas), que, após morte natural, foram fixados com solução de formaldeído a 10%. Nos machos, o nervo femoral teve sua origem nos ramos espinhais ventrais de L4 e L5 em oito animais (36%); em seis animais (27%) teve sua origem nos ramos espinhais ventrais de L5 e L6; em cinco animais (23%) teve sua origem no ramo espinhal ventral de L5; em dois animais (9%) teve sua origem nos ramos espinhais ventrais de L4, L5 e L6; em um animal (5%) teve sua origem dos ramos espinhais ventrais de L5 e L6 e no ramo espinhal ventral de S1. Nas fêmeas, teve sua origem nos ramos espinhais ventrais de L4 e L5 em sete animais (64%); em três animais (27%) teve sua origem nos ramos espinhais ventrais de L5 e L6 e em um animal (9%) teve sua origem nos ramos espinhais ventrais de L4, L5 e L6. Os nervos femorais emitiram, em todos os animais, número variável de ramos para os músculos psoas maior, psoas menor, quadríceps femoral, sartório e pectíneo.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The femoral nerves were studied in newborn goats of Saanen breed (22 males and 11 females) that were collected after natural death and fixed with 10% formaldehyde solution. In males the femoral nerve arose from the ventral spinal branches of L4 and L5 in eight animals (36%); in six animals (27%) it arose from the ventral spinal branches of L5 and L6; in five animals (23%) it arose from the ventral spinal branches of L5; in two animals (9%) it arose from the ventral spinal branches of L4, L5 and L6 and in one animal (5%) it arose from the ventral spinal branches of L5 and L6 and the ventral spinal branches of S1. In females the femoral nerve arose from the ventral spinal branches of L4 and L5 in seven animals (64%); in three animals (27%) it arose from the ventral spinal branches of L5 and L6 and in one animal (9%) it arose from the ventral spinal branches of L4, L5 and L6. In all animals, the femoral nerves were distributed in different branches to the major and minor psoas, femoris quadriceps, sartorius and pectinius muscles.(AU)

O nervo femoral foi estudado em 33 caprinos recém-natos da raça Saanen (22 machos e 11 fêmeas), que, após morte natural, foram fixados com solução de formaldeído a 10%. Nos machos, o nervo femoral teve sua origem nos ramos espinhais ventrais de L4 e L5 em oito animais (36%); em seis animais (27%) teve sua origem nos ramos espinhais ventrais de L5 e L6; em cinco animais (23%) teve sua origem no ramo espinhal ventral de L5; em dois animais (9%) teve sua origem nos ramos espinhais ventrais de L4, L5 e L6; em um animal (5%) teve sua origem dos ramos espinhais ventrais de L5 e L6 e no ramo espinhal ventral de S1. Nas fêmeas, teve sua origem nos ramos espinhais ventrais de L4 e L5 em sete animais (64%); em três animais (27%) teve sua origem nos ramos espinhais ventrais de L5 e L6 e em um animal (9%) teve sua origem nos ramos espinhais ventrais de L4, L5 e L6. Os nervos femorais emitiram, em todos os animais, número variável de ramos para os músculos psoas maior, psoas menor, quadríceps femoral, sartório e pectíneo.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether the neonatal leptin treatment during the first days of life can program the male reproductive organs weight and the lipid profile. METHODS: At birth 6 dams were divided into 2 groups: Leptin - each pup was injected with 50microL of recombinant rat leptin (80ng/g BW, sc), for the first 10 d of lactation; Control - each pup received the same volume of saline. After weaning, all pups received unlimited access to food until 190 days of age when they were killed. Values are given as mean + or - SEM of 6 animals and Test t Student was used to analyze the results. RESULTS: The leptin treatment resulted in a significant increase in body weight (Control= 411.8 + or - 16.31; Leptin= 481.8 + or - 11.29, p=0.005) and food consumption (Control= 25.32 + or - 0.09; Leptin= 32.42 + or - 0.15, p=0.0001) and a significant reduction in triglycerides levels (Control= 540.0 + or - 117.9; Leptin= 93.25 + or - 15.21, p=0.006) and in the weight of hypothalamus (Control= 0.234 + or - 0.016; Leptin= 0.154 + or - 0.015, p=0.007), pituitary (Control= 0.104 + or - 0.0120; Leptin= 0.033 + or - 0.012, p=0.003), testis (Control= 3.75 + or - 0.055; Leptin= 3.19 + or - 0.10, p=0.002) and prostate (Control=1.641 + or - 0.1389; Leptin= 0.91 + or - 0.07, p=0.001). CONCLUSION: Leptin treatment on the first days of life can program the reproductive organs weight and the lipid profile of the progeny.

Assuntos

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether the neonatal leptin treatment during the first days of life can program the male reproductive organs weight and the lipid profile. METHODS: At birth 6 dams were divided into 2 groups: Leptin - each pup was injected with 50μL of recombinant rat leptin (80ng/g BW, sc), for the first 10 d of lactation; Control - each pup received the same volume of saline. After weaning, all pups received unlimited access to food until 190 days of age when they were killed. Values are given as mean ± SEM of 6 animals and Test t Student was used to analyze the results. RESULTS: The leptin treatment resulted in a significant increase in body weight (Control= 411.8±16.31; Leptin= 481.8±11.29, p=0.005) and food consumption (Control= 25.32±0.09; Leptin= 32.42±0.15, p=0.0001) and a significant reduction in triglycerides levels (Control= 540.0±117.9; Leptin= 93.25±15.21, p=0.006) and in the weight of hypothalamus (Control= 0.234±0.016; Leptin= 0.154±0.015, p=0.007), pituitary (Control= 0.104±0.0120; Leptin= 0.033±0.012, p=0.003), testis (Control= 3.75±0.055; Leptin= 3.19±0.10, p=0.002) and prostate (Control=1.641±0.1389; Leptin= 0.91±0.07, p=0.001). CONCLUSION: Leptin treatment on the first days of life can program the reproductive organs weight and the lipid profile of the progeny.(AU)

OBJETIVO: Avaliar se o tratamento neonatal com leptina durante os primeiros dias de vida poderia programar o peso dos orgãos do sistema reprodutor masculino e o perfil lipídico. MÉTODOS: Ao nascimento seis ratas-mãe foram distribuídas em dois grupos: Leptina - cada filhote recebeu 50μL de leptina recombinante (80ng/gPC, SC) nos primeiros 10 dias de lactação; Controle - cada filhote recebeu o mesmo volume de salina. Após o desmame, todos os filhotes tiveram acesso ilimitado a ração até 190 dias de idade quando foram mortos. Os dados são expressos como média ± erro padrão e foram analisados pelo teste t Student. RESULTADOS: O tratamento com leptina resultou em aumento significativo no peso corporal (Control= 411.8±16.31; Leptin= 481.8±11.29, p=0.005) e consumo alimentar (Control= 25.32±0.09; Leptin= 32.42±0.15, p=0.0001) e redução significativa nos níveis séricos de triglicerídeos (Control= 540.0±117.9; Leptin= 93.25±15.21, p=0.006), no peso do hipotálamo (Control= 0.234±0.016; Leptin= 0.154±0.015, p=0.007), hipófise (Control= 0.104±0.0120; Leptin= 0.033±0.012, p=0.003), testículo (Control= 3.75±0.055; Leptin= 3.19±0.10, p=0.002) e próstata (Control=1.641±0.1389; Leptin= 0.91±0.07, p=0.001). CONCLUSÃO: O tratamento com leptina nos primeiros dias de vida pode programar o peso dos órgãos do sistema reprodutor e o perfil lipídico da prole.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether the neonatal leptin treatment during the first days of life can program the male reproductive organs weight and the lipid profile. METHODS: At birth 6 dams were divided into 2 groups: Leptin - each pup was injected with 50μL of recombinant rat leptin (80ng/g BW, sc), for the first 10 d of lactation; Control - each pup received the same volume of saline. After weaning, all pups received unlimited access to food until 190 days of age when they were killed. Values are given as mean ± SEM of 6 animals and Test t Student was used to analyze the results. RESULTS: The leptin treatment resulted in a significant increase in body weight (Control= 411.8±16.31; Leptin= 481.8±11.29, p=0.005) and food consumption (Control= 25.32±0.09; Leptin= 32.42±0.15, p=0.0001) and a significant reduction in triglycerides levels (Control= 540.0±117.9; Leptin= 93.25±15.21, p=0.006) and in the weight of hypothalamus (Control= 0.234±0.016; Leptin= 0.154±0.015, p=0.007), pituitary (Control= 0.104±0.0120; Leptin= 0.033±0.012, p=0.003), testis (Control= 3.75±0.055; Leptin= 3.19±0.10, p=0.002) and prostate (Control=1.641±0.1389; Leptin= 0.91±0.07, p=0.001). CONCLUSION: Leptin treatment on the first days of life can program the reproductive organs weight and the lipid profile of the progeny.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar se o tratamento neonatal com leptina durante os primeiros dias de vida poderia programar o peso dos orgãos do sistema reprodutor masculino e o perfil lipídico. MÉTODOS: Ao nascimento seis ratas-mãe foram distribuídas em dois grupos: Leptina - cada filhote recebeu 50μL de leptina recombinante (80ng/gPC, SC) nos primeiros 10 dias de lactação; Controle - cada filhote recebeu o mesmo volume de salina. Após o desmame, todos os filhotes tiveram acesso ilimitado a ração até 190 dias de idade quando foram mortos. Os dados são expressos como média ± erro padrão e foram analisados pelo teste t Student. RESULTADOS: O tratamento com leptina resultou em aumento significativo no peso corporal (Control= 411.8±16.31; Leptin= 481.8±11.29, p=0.005) e consumo alimentar (Control= 25.32±0.09; Leptin= 32.42±0.15, p=0.0001) e redução significativa nos níveis séricos de triglicerídeos (Control= 540.0±117.9; Leptin= 93.25±15.21, p=0.006), no peso do hipotálamo (Control= 0.234±0.016; Leptin= 0.154±0.015, p=0.007), hipófise (Control= 0.104±0.0120; Leptin= 0.033±0.012, p=0.003), testículo (Control= 3.75±0.055; Leptin= 3.19±0.10, p=0.002) e próstata (Control=1.641±0.1389; Leptin= 0.91±0.07, p=0.001). CONCLUSÃO: O tratamento com leptina nos primeiros dias de vida pode programar o peso dos órgãos do sistema reprodutor e o perfil lipídico da prole.

Assuntos