RESUMO

In this study, the oils of açaí, passion fruit, pequi, and guava were submitted to physicochemical analysis to investigate their potential application in the food industry. Gas chromatography associated with mass spectroscopy showed that oleic and linoleic acids are mainly responsible for the nutritional quality of açaí, passion fruit, pequi, and guava oils, which exhibited 46.71%, 38.11%, 43.78%, and 35.69% of the former fatty acid, and 18.93%, 47.64%, 20.90%, and 44.72% of the latter, respectively. The atherogenicity index of the oils varied from 0.11 to 0.65, while the thrombogenicity index was 0.93 for açaí, 0.35 for guava, and 0.3 for passion fruit oils, but 1.39 for pequi oil, suggesting that the use of the first three oils may lead to a low incidence of coronary heart disease. Thermogravimetry showed that all tested oils were thermally stable above 180 °C; therefore, they can be considered resistant to cooking and frying temperatures. In general, the results of this study highlight possible applications of these oils in the food industry, either in natura or in typical food production processes.

RESUMO

Hydrogels consist of a network of highly porous polymeric chains with the potential for use as a wound dressing. Propolis is a natural product with several biological properties including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antioxidant activities. This study was aimed at synthesizing and characterizing a polyacrylamide/methylcellulose hydrogel containing propolis as an active ingredient, to serve as a wound dressing alternative, for the treatment of skin lesions. The hydrogels were prepared using free radical polymerization, and were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, swelling capacity, mechanical and rheological properties, UV-Vis spectroscopy, antioxidant activity by the DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays and biocompatibility determined in Vero cells and J774 macrophages by the MTT assay. Hydrogels showed a porous and foliaceous structure with a well-defined network, a good ability to absorb water and aqueous solutions simulating body fluids as well as desirable mechanical properties and pseudoplastic behavior. In hydrogels containing 1.0 and 2.5% propolis, the contents of total polyphenols were 24.74 ± 1.71 mg GAE/g and 32.10 ± 1.01 mg GAE/g and those of total flavonoids 8.01 ± 0.99 mg QE/g and 13.81 ± 0.71 mg QE/g, respectively, in addition to good antioxidant activity determined with all three methods used. Therefore, hydrogels containing propolis extract, may serve as a promising alternative wound dressing for the treatment of skin lesions, due to their anti-oxidant properties, low cost and availability.

RESUMO

The industrial processing of fruits in the Amazon region, such as tucuma, generates a large amount of coproducts with great nutritional potential. In this work, phenolic compounds from tucuma coproduct almonds were extracted and microencapsulated by spray drying using maltodextrin as the encapsulating agent and verified its antioxidant activity. Phenolic compounds were determined by UV spectroscopy and identified by Ultraefficiency Liquid Chromatography. Antioxidant activity was measured by ABTS and DPPH assay. Thermogravimetric techniques, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, moisture content and water activity were applied to characterize the microparticle. The crude extract and microparticle had total polyphenols of 135.1 mg/g ± 0.078 and 130.5 mg/g ± 0.024, respectively. Caffeic and gallic acids were identified. The crude extract and the microparticle showed good antioxidant activity by ABTS and DPPH assay, justified by the presence of the phenolic compounds found. The microparticle showed spherical and heterogeneous structures and good encapsulation efficiency from the spray drying process using maltodextrin. The results show that the extract of the tucuma almond coproduct can be used as a phenolic compound-rich source and microencapsulated with possible application for functional food production.

RESUMO

The industrial processing amazon fruits, like tucuma, generates a large amount of coproducts with large nutritional potential. Thus, this work obtained the oily extract of the tucuma almonds coproducts by green extraction using palm oil by the ultrasound method and then microencapsulated by atomization and verification of its antioxidant activity. Thermogravimetric techniques, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, moisture content, water activity were applied to characterize the microparticles. Total carotenoids were determined by UV spectroscopy and antioxidant activity was measured by 2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonic acid and co-oxidation in the system ß-carotene/linoleic acid. The oily extract and microparticle had total carotenoid contents of 3.305 mg/100 g ± 0.01 and 2.559 mg/100 g ± 0.01, respectively. The antioxidant activity assessed through the 2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonic acid value was 584.75 µM/trolox ± 0.01 (oily extract) and 537.12 µM/trolox ± 0.01 (microparticle) were determined. In the system ß-carotene/linoleic acid showed oxidation of 49.9% ± 1.8 lipophilic extract and 43.3% ± 2.3 microparticle. The results showed that the oily extract of the tucuma almond coproduct can be used as a carotenoid-rich source and microencapsuled with possible application for functional foods production.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The development of inclusion complexes is used to encapsulate nonpolar compounds and improve their physicochemical characteristics. This study aims to develop complexes made up of Euterpe oleracea Mart oil (EOO) and ß-cyclodextrin (ß-CD) or hydroxypropyl-ß-cyclodextrin (HP-ß-CD) by either kneading (KND) or slurry (SL). Complexes were analyzed by molecular modeling, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The antibacterial activity was expressed as Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), and the antibiotic resistance modulatory activity as subinhibitory concentration (MIC/8) against Escherichia coli, Streptomyces aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis. Inclusion complexes with ß-CD and HP-ß-CD were confirmed, and efficiency was proven by an interaction energy between oleic acid and ß-CD of -41.28 ± 0.57 kJ/mol. MIC values revealed higher antibacterial activity of complexes compared to the isolated oil. The modulatory response of EOO and EOO-ß-CD prepared by KND as well as of EOO-ß-CD and EOO-HP-ß-CD prepared by SL showed a synergistic effect with ampicillin against E. coli, whereas it was not significant with the other drugs tested, maintaining the biological response of antibiotics. The antimicrobial response exhibited by the complexes is of great significance because it subsidizes studies for the development of new pharmaceutical forms.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The bioconversion of protein from the fishing industry waste into bioplastics allows the valorization of biological material, reducing the production of waste and consequently of negative environmental impacts through the use of synthetic packaging. The objective of this work was to develop biodegradable films from the mixture of gelatin and myofibrillar fish proteins. Proteins (myofibrillar and gelatin) were extracted from filleting residues from king weakfish (Macrodon ancylodon) from industrial fishing. The properties of the blend films were compared to those of individual protein films. It was found by scanning electron microscopy that there was good compatibility between the two polymers. Mechanical analyzes showed that myofibrillar proteins films were the most resistant to traction, but less flexible; characteristics contrary to those of gelatin. The mixing films presented the lowest values of water vapor permeability and solubility were transparent, and mechanically strong and flexible, confirming the improvement of the properties by mixing the polymers. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that there was interaction between the myofibrillar protein chains and gelatine driven by hydrogen bonds, thus forming cohesive and reinforced matrix, which resulted in good thermal resistance of the films. The mixture between polymers improved the technological properties of the elaborated biodegradable films, making its application feasible as food packaging.(AU)

A bioconversão de proteínas de subprodutos da indústria pesqueira em bioplástico possibilita a valorização do material biológico, reduzindo a produção de descarte e consequentemente, de impactos ambientais negativos do uso de embalagens sintéticas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi misturar gelatina e proteínas miofibrilares de pescada gó (Macrodon ancylodon) com intuito de desenvolver filmes biodegradáveis com propriedades tecnológicas aprimoradas. As propriedades dos filmes de mistura foram comparadas com as de filmes dos polímeros individuais. A espectroscopia de infravermelho com transformada de Fourier revelou boa compatilidade química entre gelatina e proteínas miofibrilares na formação do filme de mistura. A interação entre os polímeros foi conduzida por ligações de hidrogênio, formando película coesa e reforçada. Os filmes de mistura além de apresentarem os menores valores de permeabilidade ao vapor de água e solubilidade, também foram transparentes e, termicamente resistentes. Assim a mistura entre gelatina e proteínas miofibrilares possibilitou a formação de películas biodegradáveis com propriedades tecnológicas superiores às produzidas com os polímeros separados.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The bioconversion of protein from the fishing industry waste into bioplastics allows the valorization of biological material, reducing the production of waste and consequently of negative environmental impacts through the use of synthetic packaging. The objective of this work was to develop biodegradable films from the mixture of gelatin and myofibrillar fish proteins. Proteins (myofibrillar and gelatin) were extracted from filleting residues from king weakfish (Macrodon ancylodon) from industrial fishing. The properties of the blend films were compared to those of individual protein films. It was found by scanning electron microscopy that there was good compatibility between the two polymers. Mechanical analyzes showed that myofibrillar proteins films were the most resistant to traction, but less flexible; characteristics contrary to those of gelatin. The mixing films presented the lowest values of water vapor permeability and solubility were transparent, and mechanically strong and flexible, confirming the improvement of the properties by mixing the polymers. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that there was interaction between the myofibrillar protein chains and gelatine driven by hydrogen bonds, thus forming cohesive and reinforced matrix, which resulted in good thermal resistance of the films. The mixture between polymers improved the technological properties of the elaborated biodegradable films, making its application feasible as food packaging.

A bioconversão de proteínas de subprodutos da indústria pesqueira em bioplástico possibilita a valorização do material biológico, reduzindo a produção de descarte e consequentemente, de impactos ambientais negativos do uso de embalagens sintéticas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi misturar gelatina e proteínas miofibrilares de pescada gó (Macrodon ancylodon) com intuito de desenvolver filmes biodegradáveis com propriedades tecnológicas aprimoradas. As propriedades dos filmes de mistura foram comparadas com as de filmes dos polímeros individuais. A espectroscopia de infravermelho com transformada de Fourier revelou boa compatilidade química entre gelatina e proteínas miofibrilares na formação do filme de mistura. A interação entre os polímeros foi conduzida por ligações de hidrogênio, formando película coesa e reforçada. Os filmes de mistura além de apresentarem os menores valores de permeabilidade ao vapor de água e solubilidade, também foram transparentes e, termicamente resistentes. Assim a mistura entre gelatina e proteínas miofibrilares possibilitou a formação de películas biodegradáveis com propriedades tecnológicas superiores às produzidas com os polímeros separados.

Assuntos