RESUMO
Snakes represent a wide and diverse group of species and have anatomical particularities, such as the renal sexual segment (RSS), a structure located in the kidneys and formed from the hypertrophy of the urinary ducts and nephrons. This study aims at describing the histological aspects of the RSS of Boa constrictor, Epicrates cenchria and Corallus hortulanus, all of which are Brazilian snake species from the Boidae family. The reproductive system and kidneys of five male specimens of E. cenchria, three male specimens of C. hortulanus and two male specimens of B. constrictor were obtained. Tissue samples were processed histologically and different stains used (Toluidine Blue, Alcian Blue and Periodic Acid Schiff). The histological evaluation of the RSS of E. cenchria, C. hortulanus and B. constrictor shows that the RSS in these species varies when comparing individuals in the reproductive period with those which are not. It also allows for the observation of the segment's secretory activity in animals in the reproductive stage (mature sperm in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules) as well as in those which are not. Finally, the histological evaluation also reveals the variation of the secretion product in individuals in the reproductive period, in those which are not, and also among individuals within the same reproductive stage.
Assuntos
Boidae , Rim , Animais , Masculino , Rim/anatomia & histologia , Brasil , Boidae/anatomia & histologia , Túbulos Seminíferos/anatomia & histologia , Espermatozoides/citologiaRESUMO
Conidiobolomycosis has a wide distribution, predominantly in humid tropical regions, affecting several species with significant mortality rates. The genus Conidiobolus is now divided into four genera: Capillidium, Conidiobolus, Microconidiobolus, and Neoconidiobolus. There are no confirmed reports of infection by these fungi in Equidae in Brazil. We present a rhinofacial rhinitis caused by Neoconidiobolus lamprauges in a mule from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The mule presented bilateral semi-occlusion of the nostrils, difficulty breathing, and weight loss. The histological examination of the nostril biopsied mass revealed multifocal necrotizing areas with nonstained images of fungal hyphae in the Splendore-Hoeppli reaction and surrounded by macrophages, eosinophils, neutrophils, and multinucleated giant cells. The Grocott methenamine silver staining revealed thin-walled, rarely septated, irregular branching hyphae, with a varying diameter of 12 µm (± 3.63 µm), and terminal ballooning dilations. The determining etiology of this rhinitis was based on the hyphae staining by immunohistochemistry and by amplifying the DNA fragment of N. lamprauges by polymerase chain reaction. Conidiobolomycosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of the causes of rhinitis in equids, mainly in tropical regions.
A conidiobolomicose apresenta ampla distribuição geográfica, com predominância em regiões tropicais úmidas, afeta várias espécies e apresenta taxa de mortalidade significativa. O gênero Conidiobolus está agora dividido em quatro gêneros: Capillidium, Conidiobolus, Microconidiobolus e Neoconidiobolus. Não há relatos confirmados de infecção por esses fungos em equídeos no Brasil. Relata-se o caso de uma mula com rinite rinofacial causada por Neoconidiobolus lamprauges no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. A mula apresentava uma massa que semiocluía as narinas bilateralmente, dificuldade respiratória e emagrecimento. O exame histológico de biópsia da massa da narina revelou áreas de necrose multifocais com imagens negativas de hifas fúngicas em meio à reação de Splendore-Hoeppli, circundadas por macrófagos, eosinófilos, neutrófilos e células gigantes multinucleadas. O exame histoquímico metenamina prata de Grocott revelou hifas de parede fina, raramente septadas, com ramificação irregular, grau variável de paralelismo, e diâmetro médio de 12 µm (± 3,63) e dilatações balonosas terminais. O diagnóstico etiológico foi realizado pela associação da imuno-histoquímica e da amplificação do fragmento de DNA de N. lamprauges pela reação em cadeia da polimerase. A conidiobolomicose deve ser incluída no diagnóstico diferencial das causas de rinite em equídeos, principalmente em regiões tropicais.
Assuntos
Animais , Rinite , Equidae , FungosRESUMO
ABSTRACT: Conidiobolomycosis has a wide distribution, predominantly in humid tropical regions, affecting several species with significant mortality rates. The genus Conidiobolus is now divided into four genera: Capillidium, Conidiobolus, Microconidiobolus, and Neoconidiobolus. There are no confirmed reports of infection by these fungi in Equidae in Brazil. We present a rhinofacial rhinitis caused by Neoconidiobolus lamprauges in a mule from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The mule presented bilateral semi-occlusion of the nostrils, difficulty breathing, and weight loss. The histological examination of the nostril biopsied mass revealed multifocal necrotizing areas with nonstained images of fungal hyphae in the Splendore-Hoeppli reaction and surrounded by macrophages, eosinophils, neutrophils, and multinucleated giant cells. The Grocott methenamine silver staining revealed thin-walled, rarely septated, irregular branching hyphae, with a varying diameter of 12 μm (± 3.63 μm), and terminal ballooning dilations. The determining etiology of this rhinitis was based on the hyphae staining by immunohistochemistry and by amplifying the DNA fragment of N. lamprauges by polymerase chain reaction. Conidiobolomycosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of the causes of rhinitis in equids, mainly in tropical regions.
RESUMO: A conidiobolomicose apresenta ampla distribuição geográfica, com predominância em regiões tropicais úmidas, afeta várias espécies e apresenta taxa de mortalidade significativa. O gênero Conidiobolus está agora dividido em quatro gêneros: Capillidium, Conidiobolus, Microconidiobolus e Neoconidiobolus. Não há relatos confirmados de infecção por esses fungos em equídeos no Brasil. Relata-se o caso de uma mula com rinite rinofacial causada por Neoconidiobolus lamprauges no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. A mula apresentava uma massa que semiocluía as narinas bilateralmente, dificuldade respiratória e emagrecimento. O exame histológico de biópsia da massa da narina revelou áreas de necrose multifocais com imagens negativas de hifas fúngicas em meio à reação de Splendore-Hoeppli, circundadas por macrófagos, eosinófilos, neutrófilos e células gigantes multinucleadas. O exame histoquímico metenamina prata de Grocott revelou hifas de parede fina, raramente septadas, com ramificação irregular, grau variável de paralelismo, e diâmetro médio de 12 μm (± 3,63) e dilatações balonosas terminais. O diagnóstico etiológico foi realizado pela associação da imuno-histoquímica e da amplificação do fragmento de DNA de N. lamprauges pela reação em cadeia da polimerase. A conidiobolomicose deve ser incluída no diagnóstico diferencial das causas de rinite em equídeos, principalmente em regiões tropicais.
RESUMO
Bacillus cereus is a Gram-positive bacterium commonly reported in soils and plants that occupy various ecological habitats, and the main source of contamination for cattle is silage. This report described a case of fetal loss associated with B. cereus infection in a cow. An 8-month-old, Nelore female bovine fetus from a beef farm was submitted for necropsy. A gross examination revealed fibrinous pleuropneumonia and fibrin exudation on the liver surface. The morphological diagnosis was restricted to the lungs and liver. In the lungs there was fibrinosuppurative pleuropneumonia associated with numerous aggregates of rod-shaped bacteria. In the liver there was moderate focally extensive fibrinous peri hepatitis.The lungs, liver, thoracic, and abomasal fluid cultures yielded pure cultures of B. cereus, indicating that these bacteria should be recognized as a cause of bovine abortion in fetuses that macroscopically present fibrin in the abdominal and thoracic cavity.
Bacillus cereus é uma bactéria Gram-positiva, comumente encontrada em solos e plantas que ocupam diversos habitats ecológicos sendo a silagem a principal fonte de contaminação para bovinos. Este relato descreve um caso de perda fetal associada à infecção por B. cereus em uma vaca. Um feto bovino fêmea da raça Nelore, de oito meses de idade, procedente de uma fazenda de corte, foi submetido à necropsia. Ao exame macroscópico observou-se pleuropneumonia fibrinosa e exsudação de fibrina na superfície do fígado. Histologicamente, as lesões estavam restritas aos pulmões e fígado. Nos pulmões havia pleuropneumonia fibrinosupurativa associado a numerosos agregados de bactérias em forma de bastonete. No fígado haviaperi hepatitefibrinosa focalmente extensa moderada. As culturas de pulmão, fígado, líquido torácico e abomasal produziram cultura pura de B. cereus indicando que esta bactéria deve ser reconhecida como causa de aborto bovino em fetos que apresentem macroscopicamente fibrina nas cavidades abdominal e torácica.
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Bacillus cereus/patogenicidade , Doenças dos Bovinos , Aborto Animal , Mortalidade FetalRESUMO
Opportunistic bacteria and fungi are commonly reported causes of bovine abortion in a small percentage of fetal losses of infectious etiology in cattle. The objective of this study was to characterize the pathological and etiological findings in fetuses aborted due to secondary bacterial and fungal infections submitted for postmortem examination between 2004 and 2019 in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Nineteen cases of bacterial etiology and five cases of fungal etiology were assessed. In cases of bacterial etiology, gross changes were uncommon and two different microscopic patterns were observed: (1) primary bronchopneumonia with occasional dissemination in cases of Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp., and Mannheimia haemolytica infections; and (2) systemic disease with sepsis in cases of Escherichia coli and Listeria sp. infections. Aspergillus sp. was the main fungal agent identified, and cases of mycotic abortion were characterized by placentitis, dermatitis, and pneumonia. Fetal membranes were available for examination in less than half of the submissions (11/24), and placental lesions were observed in all cases. This study reaffirms the importance of postmortem examinations in the determination of causes of fetal loss in cattle and highlights pathological findings commonly observed in fetuses aborted due to sporadic bacterial and fungal agents.
Assuntos
Infecções Bacterianas , Doenças dos Bovinos , Micoses , Bovinos , Gravidez , Animais , Feminino , Humanos , Aborto Animal/microbiologia , Placenta/microbiologia , Placenta/patologia , Micoses/veterinária , Feto/microbiologia , Feto/patologia , Bactérias/genética , Doenças dos Bovinos/microbiologia , Infecções Bacterianas/veterináriaRESUMO
Between December 2016 and April 2017, a spate of abortions occurred in a closed dairy herd from the central eastern region of Paraná, Brazil, in which 75 cows aborted. To identify its cause, organ fragments were collected from an aborted fetus for histopathology, and the blood samples from a stillborn, 4 aborted fetuses, and 9 farm dogs for indirect fluorescent antibody technique (IFAT). These tests found multifocal non-suppurative encephalitis, periportal hepatitis, and multifocal lymphoplasmacytic myocarditis, and detected anti-Neospora antibodies in all aborted fetuses, and in 5 of the 9 dogs. DNA of Neospora caninum was detected in the brain tissue of an aborted fetus. Blood samples of 340 cows and 146 heifers showed 33.5% and 30.8% seropositivity, respectively. In this closed herd, the parasite was probably introduced by infected domesticated or wild carnivores inhabiting the farm, through the infective oocysts present in their stool.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos , Coccidiose , Doenças do Cão , Neospora , Aborto Animal , Animais , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários , Brasil , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Coccidiose/diagnóstico , Coccidiose/epidemiologia , Coccidiose/veterinária , Cães , Feminino , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo/veterinária , GravidezRESUMO
Although, serological assays for detecting immune response against Toxoplasma gondii in goats and sheep are frequent in Brazil, studies showing lesions and confirmation of infectious causes of abortion in goats in the state of Rio de Janeiro have not been reported. This study aimed to describe an abortion outbreak caused by T. gondii in a goat herd in the state of Rio de Janeiro. At histological examination, necrotizing encephalitis and lymphoplasmacytic myositis were observed in goat fetuses submitted to necropsy. The diagnoses were confirmed by immunohistochemistry, which revealed positive marking structures compatible with T. gondii bradyzoites in the brain and skeletal muscle cysts. T. gondii should be included among the causes of abortion in goats in the Southeast region of Brazil.(AU)
Embora sejam frequentes as pesquisas sorológicas da toxoplasmose em caprinos e ovinos no Brasil, os estudos que apresentam as lesões e a confirmação das causas infecciosas de aborto em caprinos no estado do Rio de Janeiro não foram encontrados. Neste trabalho descreve-se Toxoplasma gondii como causa de aborto em uma criação de caprinos no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Ao exame histológico foi observada encefalite necrosante e miosite linfoplasmocítica nos fetos caprinos submetidos à necropsia. A confirmação do diagnóstico foi realizada com o exame de imuno-histoquímica, que revelou marcação positiva de cistos com bradizoítos de T. gondii no encéfalo e em músculo esquelético. T. gondii deve ser incluído entre as causas de aborto em cabras na região sudeste do Brasil.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Toxoplasma/imunologia , Ruminantes/parasitologia , Aborto Animal/diagnóstico , Aborto Animal/parasitologiaRESUMO
Pythiosis in felines is a rare disease associated with the oomycete Pythium insidiosum. The aim of this report was to describe the macroscopic, histopathological, and molecular characteristics of P. insidiosum infection in a 2-year-old cat, with a localized invasive subcutaneous mass. The feline had an increase of volume near the anal region since it was younger. The cat died just after surgery. The necropsy was performed, and samples were collected for histopathological examination. Microscopically, the skin lesion was characterized by necro-eosinophilic dermatitis, panniculitis, and myositis surrounding negatively stained hyphal structures. In the sections stained with GMS, dark brown hyphae were clearly seen inside the affected tissue. They were rarely septate and their walls were almost parallel. Immunohistochemistry using a polyclonal anti-P. insidiosum antibody showed a strongly immunostained hyphae into the lesions. The analysis based on PCR had a positive result for P. insidiosum. Pythiosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of subcutaneous tissue disorders in felines.(AU)
Pitiose em felinos é uma doença de ocorrência rara associada ao oomiceto Pythium insidiosum. O objetivo deste relato é descrever as características macroscópicas, histopatológicas e moleculares da infecção por P. insidiosum em um gato de dois anos de idade, com uma massa invasiva localizada no subcutâneo. O gato morreu logo após a cirurgia, sendo realizada a necropsia e coleta de amostras para exame histopatológico. Microscopicamente, a lesão cutânea foi caracterizada por dermatite necroeosinofílica, paniculite e miosite envolvendo imagens de hifas negativamente coradas. Nas seções coradas com GMS, hifas marrom-escuras foram claramente vistas dentro do tecido afetado. As hifas raramente eram septadas e suas paredes eram quase paralelas. A imuno-histoquímica, utilizando um anticorpo policlonal anti-P. insidiosum, mostrou hifas fortemente imunomarcadas nas lesões. A análise baseada em PCR teve resultado positivo para P. insidiosum. A pitiose deve ser considerada no diagnóstico diferencial de desordens teciduais subcutâneas em felinos.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Gatos , Pitiose/patologia , Pythium , Tela Subcutânea/patologia , Hifas , Imuno-Histoquímica/veterinária , Reação em Cadeia da PolimeraseRESUMO
ABSTRACT: Pythiosis in felines is a rare disease associated with the oomycete Pythium insidiosum. The aim of this report was to describe the macroscopic, histopathological, and molecular characteristics of P. insidiosum infection in a 2-year-old cat, with a localized invasive subcutaneous mass. The feline had an increase of volume near the anal region since it was younger. The cat died just after surgery. The necropsy was performed, and samples were collected for histopathological examination. Microscopically, the skin lesion was characterized by necro-eosinophilic dermatitis, panniculitis, and myositis surrounding negatively stained hyphal structures. In the sections stained with GMS, dark brown hyphae were clearly seen inside the affected tissue. They were rarely septate and their walls were almost parallel. Immunohistochemistry using a polyclonal anti-P. insidiosum antibody showed a strongly immunostained hyphae into the lesions. The analysis based on PCR had a positive result for P. insidiosum. Pythiosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of subcutaneous tissue disorders in felines.
RESUMO: Pitiose em felinos é uma doença de ocorrência rara associada ao oomiceto Pythium insidiosum. O objetivo deste relato é descrever as características macroscópicas, histopatológicas e moleculares da infecção por P. insidiosum em um gato de dois anos de idade, com uma massa invasiva localizada no subcutâneo. O gato morreu logo após a cirurgia, sendo realizada a necropsia e coleta de amostras para exame histopatológico. Microscopicamente, a lesão cutânea foi caracterizada por dermatite necroeosinofílica, paniculite e miosite envolvendo imagens de hifas negativamente coradas. Nas seções coradas com GMS, hifas marrom-escuras foram claramente vistas dentro do tecido afetado. As hifas raramente eram septadas e suas paredes eram quase paralelas. A imuno-histoquímica, utilizando um anticorpo policlonal anti-P. insidiosum, mostrou hifas fortemente imunomarcadas nas lesões. A análise baseada em PCR teve resultado positivo para P. insidiosum. A pitiose deve ser considerada no diagnóstico diferencial de desordens teciduais subcutâneas em felinos.
RESUMO
Hepatitis E is a zoonotic disease, recognized as an important global public health concern. In this study, molecular detection of the ORF1 and ORF2 genomic regions of the hepatitis E virus (HEV) was carried out in fecal and serum samples from pigs in subsistence farms of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Fragments of the ORF2 region were amplified in 8% (12/150) of fecal samples, with 53.3% (8/15) of farms having positive results. Of the 12 positive samples, fragments of the ORF1 region were amplified in 33.3% (4/12) of these. Molecular characterization confirmed the phylogenetic groupings as HEV subtypes 3d, 3â¯h, and 3i. The results revealed that meat from pigs that was originally meant for personal consumption is being traded in marketplaces in metropolitan Cuiabá, thereby creating a source of transmission to consumers in Mato Grosso. The environmental conditions must be taken into account when investigating the presence and transmission of HEV.