RESUMO
In order to determine the presence and genetic diversity of Chlamydia spp. in the north-eastern area of Buenos Aires province, Argentina, conjunctival, oropharyngeal, cloacal swab and tissues were collected from a total of 90 psittacine pet birds of different age and clinical manifestations. Through molecular methods, Chlamydiaceae was detected in 30% (27/90) of the samples, out of which 70.3% (19/27) were positive for Chlamydia psittaci and 14.9% (4/27) for Chlamydia abortus. Nine C. psittaci positive samples were genotyped by ompA gene sequences, 8 clustered within genotype A and 1 within genotype B. A significant association was observed between the presence of Chlamydia spp. and the manifestation of clinical signs compatible with chlamydiosis, as well as with the age of the birds (younger than one year old). This report contributes to the improvement of our understanding of chlamydial agents in our country.
Con el objetivo de determinar la presencia de Chlamydia spp. en psitácidos del área noreste de la provincia de Buenos Aires y conocer su diversidad genética, se recolectaron y analizaron mediante métodos moleculares hisopados conjuntivales, orofaríngeos, cloacales y tejidos de un total de 90 psitácidos de diferentes edades y con diversas manifestaciones clínicas. El 30% (27/90) de las muestras procesadas fueron positivas para Chlamydiaceae; el 70,3% (19/27) de estas resultaron positivas para Chlamydia psittaci y el 14,9% (4/27) para Chlamydia abortus. Nueve muestras positivas para C. psittaci fueron genotipificadas por secuenciación del gen ompA: 8 correspondieron al genotipo Ay una al genotipo B. Se observó una asociación significativa entre la presencia de Chlamydia spp. y la manifestación de signos clínicos compatibles con clamidiosis, como así también con la edad de las aves (menores de un ano). Este informe contribuye a mejorar nuestro conocimiento de los agentes clamidiales en nuestro país.
Assuntos
Chlamydophila psittaci/isolamento & purificação , Chlamydiaceae/patogenicidade , Variação Genética , Aves/microbiologia , Chlamydia/classificação , GenótipoRESUMO
The aim of this study was to examine the histopathological and immunohistochemical changes caused by natural and experimentally-induced Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale infection in the respiratory system of chickens. To this end, three different studies were carried out. The first was a retrospective study of 82 field cases with respiratory disorders compatible with O. rhinotracheale infection. The bacterium was immunohistochemically detected in the lungs in 48 of 82 field cases, and 50 ß-haemolytic (BH) and non-haemolytic (NH) strains were isolated. In the second study, an experimental model of the disease was created using 3-week-old broiler chickens, to identify possible differences of pathogenicity between the BH and NH isolates by the intravenous (IV) and intratracheal (IT) inoculation routes (IR). The group challenged with the NH isolate showed more severe lung lesions than the group challenged with the BH isolate at 7-days postinoculation (p.i.). The 14-day p.i. groups challenged with either the BH or NH isolates by the IT or IV IR had a higher histologic grade of pulmonary and hepatic lesions and a higher total histologic grade of lesions suggesting more severe pathology with longer time of exposure. A direct association between the inoculation routes and the organs affected was shown. Finally, a slaughterhouse study was carried out from October 2014 to May 2015, in which the histologic grade of lesions was significantly higher in immunohistochemically positive for O. rhinotracheale lungs of dead-on-arrival chickens.
Assuntos
Infecções por Flavobacteriaceae/microbiologia , Ornithobacterium/patogenicidade , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/microbiologia , Matadouros , Bem-Estar do Animal , Animais , Galinhas , Infecções por Flavobacteriaceae/patologia , Imuno-Histoquímica/veterinária , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/patologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Sistema Respiratório/microbiologia , Sistema Respiratório/patologia , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
In order to determine the presence and genetic diversity of Chlamydia spp. in the north-eastern area of Buenos Aires province, Argentina, conjunctival, oropharyngeal, cloacal swab and tissues were collected from a total of 90 psittacine pet birds of different age and clinical manifestations. Through molecular methods, Chlamydiaceae was detected in 30% (27/90) of the samples, out of which 70.3% (19/27) were positive for Chlamydia psittaci and 14.9% (4/27) for Chlamydia abortus. Nine C. psittaci positive samples were genotyped by ompA gene sequences, 8 clustered within genotype A and 1 within genotype B. A significant association was observed between the presence of Chlamydia spp. and the manifestation of clinical signs compatible with chlamydiosis, as well as with the age of the birds (younger than one year old). This report contributes to the improvement of our understanding of chlamydial agents in our country.
Assuntos
Doenças das Aves/microbiologia , Infecções por Chlamydia/veterinária , Chlamydia/genética , Chlamydia/isolamento & purificação , Chlamydophila psittaci/genética , Chlamydophila psittaci/isolamento & purificação , Animais de Estimação/microbiologia , Psittaciformes/microbiologia , Psitacose/veterinária , Animais , Argentina , Infecções por Chlamydia/microbiologia , Genótipo , Psitacose/microbiologiaRESUMO
A 2-year-old captive, male Eclectus parrot (Eclectus roratus), with a previous history of neurologic signs episodes, was found dead in its cage without premonitory signs in a private aviary. At necropsy, yellow and caseous nodules were observed in the lungs. Microscopically, the nodules were composed of granulomas that had a necrotic center with intralesional hyphae typical of Aspergillus spp. and a peripheral inflammatory cell response composed of macrophages and multinucleated giant cells. The mycologic culture allowed the isolation and identification of A. flavus from lung samples. The gross and microscopic lesions, in combination with the mycologic identification provided the diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis due to A. flavus infection. To the authors´ knowledge, this is the first report of mycotic pneumonia caused by A. flavus infection in Psittaciformes.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Papagaios/microbiologia , Aspergilose/diagnóstico , Aspergillus flavus , Autopsia/veterinária , Técnicas de Tipagem Micológica/veterináriaRESUMO
Broiler chickens aged 41-day-old from a flock of a broiler complex, presenting depression, reduced food intake, facial edema, dyspnea, gasping, sneezing, and 5% mortality were studied. At necropsy, opaque thoracic and abdominal air sacs and mucous tracheal content were observed. Histopathology of tracheas showed multifocal hyperplasia of mucosa with a large number of small, round and ovoid basophilic organisms on their surface, which were identified as Cryptosporidium spp. In addition, there was an inflammatory response due to infiltration of mononuclear cells and heterophils in the submucosa. Small pin-point colonies without hemolytic activity were isolated from tracheal samples and identified as Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale by conventional and real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results of tracheal histopathology, bacteriology, and PCR identification provided the diagnosis of tracheal cryptosporidiosis associated with non-hemolytic O. rhinotracheale secondary infection. This report describes the unusual dual infection with Cryptosporidium spp. and non-hemolytic O. rhinotracheale causing tracheitis in broiler chickens.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Traqueíte/veterinária , Galinhas , Criptosporidiose/diagnóstico , Autopsia/métodos , Cryptosporidium/patogenicidadeRESUMO
Broiler chickens aged 40 and 46-days-old from two neighboring flocks belonging to a commercial broiler complex, presenting facial edema, severe respiratory signs and 10% mortality were analyzed. Pneumonic lesions and opaque thoracic and abdominal air sacs with foamy exudate were seen at postmortem examination. Histopathology of lungs showed fibrinoheterophilic pneumonia in both cases. Small pin point colonies with extensive ß-hemolytic activity were isolated from tracheal and lung tissue samples and identified as Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results of lung histopathology, bacteriological isolation and PCR identification confirmed the diagnosis of pneumonia caused by ß-hemolytic O. rhinotracheale infection in both broiler chicken flocks. This paper appears to be the first report of ß-hemolytic O. rhinotracheale field isolates obtained from broiler chickens associated with severe respiratory signs and pneumonia.(AU)