RESUMO
Introducción: Existen alternativas terapéuticas con productos naturales oriundos usados de manera empírica en la población. Tal es el caso del zumo de papa (Solanum tuberosum) usado para problemas de mucosa gástrica. Objetivos: Evaluar la capacidad antioxidante y el efecto citoprotector a la mucosa gástrica del zumo de papa (Solanum tuberosum). Diseño: Experimental. Institución: Centro de Investigación de Bioquímica y Nutrición de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima. Materiales biológicos: Solanum tuberosum, variedad Tomasa y ratas albinas machos. Métodos: Se administró vía oral post ayuno las fracciones de sobrenadante y sedimento del zumo de Solanum tuberosum. Una hora después se administró alcohol como injuria de mucosa gástrica. Por laparotomía abdominal se obtuvo el tejido gástrico. Se midió en la mucosa gástrica el estrés oxidativo por lipoperoxidación, la formación de moco por alcian blue y la protección midiendo la extensión del área lacerada en imagen digitalizada. Principales medidas de resultados: Capacidad antioxidante y efecto citoprotector a la mucosa gástrica. Resultados: El sobrenadante de la dosis 5 mL/ kg produjo mayor protección al estrés oxidativo; el precipitado en dosis 5 mL/kg presentó mayor producción de moco, sin superar al control. El precipitado 20 mL/kg produjo mayor citoprotección (73,8 por ciento). Conclusión: La fracción sobrenadante del zumo de la papa (Solanum tuberosum) posee actividad de defensa antioxidante y la fracción del sedimento, mayor actividad citoprotectora de la mucosa gástrica.
Background: There are therapeutic alternatives in Peru with empirical native products such as potato juice. Objectives: To assess the antioxidant capacity and the gastric mucosa cytoprotection effect by Solanum tuberosum juice. Design: Experimental. Institution: Research Center of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Biological materials: Solanum tuberosum, tomasa variety, and male albino rats. Methods: Oral solid fractions of supernatant and sediment from Solanum tuberosum juice were administered to fasting rats and an hour later, alcohol was given for gastric injury; gastric tissue was obtained by laparotomy. Oxidative stress was measured in the gastric mucosa by lipoperoxidation, formation of mucus by alcian blue, and the extent of protection by measuring lacerated areas in scanned image. Main outcome measures: Antioxidant capacity and gastric mucosa cytoprotection. Results: The 5 mL/kg supernatant produced greater oxidative stress protection; the 5 mL/kg pellet dose showed increased production of mucus, without exceeding controls. The 20 mL/kg precipitate produced greater cytoprotection, 73,8 per cent. Conclusion: Supernatant fraction of Solanum tuberosum juice has antioxidant effect and the fraction of the sediment increased cytoprotective activity on gastric mucosa.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Antioxidantes , Citoproteção , Mucosa Gástrica , Solanum tuberosum , Ensaio ClínicoRESUMO
Although highly effective vaccines have been available for almost 70 years, an estimated 200,000 cases of YF, including 30,000 deaths, still occur annually. This study evaluated the safety of two yellow fever (YF) vaccines [Stamaril and Vacina Contra Febre Amarela (VCFA)]. A total of 2,514 subjects were randomized equally to receive Stamaril or VCFA. Immediate reactions occurring within 30 minutes after vaccination, and solicited local and systemic reactions occurring within eight days, were monitored. Unsolicited local, systemic adverse events and serious adverse events (SAE) were recorded for 21 days after vaccination. Solicited local and systemic adverse reactions were reported by 15.3-17.6% and 30.4-31.6% of the Stamaril and VCFA groups, respectively. Only 56 of the 2,514 study subjects (2.2%) reported a severe solicited adverse reaction, 25 in the Stamaril group (1.99%) and 31 in the VFCA group (2.49%), (p=0.403). Ten subjects (0.8%) in each group reported at least one severe solicited local reaction (p = 0.988). A total of 18 Stamaril subjects (1.43%) and 21 VCFA subjects (1.68%) reported at least one severe solicited systemic reaction (p = 0.617) One SAE considered related to vaccination occurred, polymyalgia in the VCFA group. No immediate reactions to vaccination were seen. Vaccine-related unsolicited events were infrequent, 1.4% in the Stamaril group and 2.0% VCFA group, generally of mild or moderate intensity. We conclude that the safety profiles of Stamaril and VCFA support routine vaccination to prevent YF in residents of and travelers to endemic areas of South America and Africa.