RESUMO
Objetivo: Traduzir e realizar a adaptação transcultural para a Língua Portuguesa do escore de toxicidade de Hurria, instrumento utilizado para avaliação de toxicidade à quimioterapia em idosos. Métodos: Realizada a tradução e adaptação transcultural do escore, seguindo a técnica proposta por Guilemin de tradução/retrotradução. Resultados: A tradução foi realizada por dois brasileiros fluentes em inglês, sendo um médico e um tradutor profissional. Sequencialmente, realizou-se a retrotradução do escore por dois profissionais independentes ao estudo, ligados a um serviço especializado de tradução linguística. Finalmente, um comitê formado por especialistas em Oncologia, Geriatria e Hematologia checou a consistência da tradução/retrotradução, chegando a um modelo final na Língua Portuguesa. Posteriormente, esse modelo sofreu avaliação prática em uma amostra de prontuários de um ambulatório de Oncogeriatria, com versão em português do instrumento atingindo alto grau de confiabilidade pelo teste estatístico de Kappa. Conclusão: A versão final do escore de toxicidade de Hurria em português mostrou-se clara, simples e de rápida aplicação, estando adequada para o uso na prática clínica.
Objective: To describe the translation and transcultural adaptation of Hurria's chemotherapy toxicity score, a prediction tool to estimate chemotherapy toxicity in the elderly. Methods: The original English version of the score was translated to Portuguese using the forward and backward translation technique, as described by Guilemin. Results: The translation was performed by two Brazilians (a physician and a professional translator), both fluent in English. Two professionals from a specialized linguistic service, not related to the study, then carried out the backward translation. Finally, a medical committee composed of oncologists, geriatricians, and hematologists discussed the consistency of the score, choosing a final version of the instrument in Portuguese. This version was piloted-tested in medical charts in an Oncogeriatric service, with high reliability as tested by Kappa statistic test. Conclusion: The final version of Hurria's chemotherapy toxicity score in Portuguese proved to be an easy, clear, and quick tool, suitable for use in clinical practice.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso , Tratamento Farmacológico , Geriatria , Oncologia , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a MedicamentosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the epidemiological profile and overall survival of a large population of elderly individuals diagnosed with solid tumors in a tertiary hospital. METHODS: This retrospective study included patients aged >65 years, diagnosed with solid tumors between January 2007 and December 2011, at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil. The medical records were reviewed to obtain information about clinical variables and overall survival. RESULTS: A total of 806 patients were identified, and 58.4% were male. Mean age was 74 years (65 to 99 years). The most common types were prostate (22%), colorectal (21%), breast (19%), and lung cancer (13%), followed by bladder (8%), pancreas (6%), and other types (11%). The majority of patients were diagnosed at early stage disease. After a median follow-up of 27 months (15 to 45 months), 29% of the patients (234/806) died, predominantly in the group older than 70 years. For the entire cohort, the median 2-year survival rate was 71%. Median overall survival was not reached within the study period. In a multivariate analysis, age (HR: 1.35; 95%CI: 1.25-1.45; p<0.001) and disease stage (HR: 1.93; 95%CI: 1.75-2.14; p<0.001) were independent negative predictors of poor survival. CONCLUSION: The most prevalent tumors were prostate, colorectal, breast, and lung cancer, with the larger proportion diagnosed at initial stages, reflecting the great number of patients alive at last follow-up.
Assuntos
Neoplasias/mortalidade , Centros de Atenção Terciária/estatística & dados numéricos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Mama/mortalidade , Neoplasias Colorretais/mortalidade , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Neoplasias Pulmonares/mortalidade , Masculino , Análise Multivariada , Prevalência , Neoplasias da Próstata/mortalidade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de SobrevidaRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the epidemiological profile and overall survival of a large population of elderly individuals diagnosed with solid tumors in a tertiary hospital. Methods This retrospective study included patients aged >65 years, diagnosed with solid tumors between January 2007 and December 2011, at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil. The medical records were reviewed to obtain information about clinical variables and overall survival. Results A total of 806 patients were identified, and 58.4% were male. Mean age was 74 years (65 to 99 years). The most common types were prostate (22%), colorectal (21%), breast (19%), and lung cancer (13%), followed by bladder (8%), pancreas (6%), and other types (11%). The majority of patients were diagnosed at early stage disease. After a median follow-up of 27 months (15 to 45 months), 29% of the patients (234/806) died, predominantly in the group older than 70 years. For the entire cohort, the median 2-year survival rate was 71%. Median overall survival was not reached within the study period. In a multivariate analysis, age (HR: 1.35; 95%CI: 1.25-1.45; p<0.001) and disease stage (HR: 1.93; 95%CI: 1.75-2.14; p<0.001) were independent negative predictors of poor survival. Conclusion The most prevalent tumors were prostate, colorectal, breast, and lung cancer, with the larger proportion diagnosed at initial stages, reflecting the great number of patients alive at last follow-up.
RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o perfil epidemiológico e a sobrevida global em uma grande população de indivíduos idosos diagnosticados com tumores sólidos, em um hospital terciário. Métodos Estudo retrospectivo que incluiu pacientes com idade >65 anos, diagnosticados com tumores sólidos entre janeiro de 2007 e dezembro de 2011, no Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brasil. Os prontuários médicos foram revisados para se obterem informações sobre variáveis clínicas e sobrevida global. Resultados Foi identificado um total de 806 pacientes, sendo 58,4% deles do sexo masculino. A média de idade foi de 74 anos (65 a 99 anos). Os tipos mais comuns de câncer foram de próstata (22%), colorretal (21%), de mama (19%) e de pulmão (13%), seguidos pelos de bexiga (8%), pâncreas (6%) e outros tipos (11%). A maioria dos pacientes foi diagnosticada em estágios iniciais. Depois de um seguimento médio de 27 meses (15 a 45 meses), 29% (234/806) estavam mortos, predominantemente no grupo com idade >70 anos. Para toda a coorte, a mediana de taxa de sobrevida em 2 anos foi 71%. A mediana de sobrevida global não foi alcançada dentro do período de estudo. Em análise multivariada, idade (HR: 1,35; IC95%: 1,25-1,45; p<0,001) e estadiamento (HR: 1,93; IC95%: 1,75-2,14; p<0,001) foram preditores negativos independentes de pior sobrevida. Conclusão Os tumores mais prevalentes foram de próstata, colorretal, mama e pulmão, com uma grande proporção diagnosticada em estádios iniciais, o que reflete em um grande número de pacientes vivos até o último seguimento.
Assuntos
Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias/mortalidade , Centros de Atenção Terciária/estatística & dados numéricos , Brasil/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Mama/mortalidade , Neoplasias Colorretais/mortalidade , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Seguimentos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Neoplasias Pulmonares/mortalidade , Análise Multivariada , Prevalência , Neoplasias da Próstata/mortalidade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de SobrevidaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of waiting time (WT) to radiotherapy (RT) on overall survival (OS) of glioblastoma (GBM) patients as a reliable prognostic variable in Brazil, a scenario of medical disparities. METHOD: Retrospective study of 115 GBM patients from two different health-care institutions (one public and one private) in Brazil who underwent post-operative RT. RESULTS: Median WT to RT was 6 weeks (range, 1.3-17.6). The median OS for WT ≤ 6 weeks was 13.5 months (95%CI , 9.1-17.9) and for WT > 6 weeks was 14.2 months (95%CI, 11.2-17.2) (HR 1.165, 95%CI 0.770-1.762; p = 0.470). In the multivariate analysis, the variables associated with survival were KPS (p < 0.001), extent of resection (p = 0.009) and the adjuvant treatment (p = 0.001). The KPS interacted with WT to RT (HR 0.128, 95%CI 0.034-0.476; p = 0.002), showing that the benefit of KPS on OS depends on the WT to RT. CONCLUSION: No prognostic impact of WT to RT could be detected on the OS. Although there are no data to ensure that delays to RT are tolerable, we may reassure patients that the time-length to initiate treatment does not seem to influence the control of the disease, particularly in face of other prognostic factors.
Assuntos
Neoplasias do Sistema Nervoso Central/mortalidade , Neoplasias do Sistema Nervoso Central/radioterapia , Glioblastoma/mortalidade , Glioblastoma/radioterapia , Disparidades em Assistência à Saúde , Tempo para o Tratamento/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Brasil , Feminino , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Prognóstico , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Objective To evaluate the effect of waiting time (WT) to radiotherapy (RT) on overall survival (OS) of glioblastoma (GBM) patients as a reliable prognostic variable in Brazil, a scenario of medical disparities. Method Retrospective study of 115 GBM patients from two different health-care institutions (one public and one private) in Brazil who underwent post-operative RT. Results Median WT to RT was 6 weeks (range, 1.3-17.6). The median OS for WT ≤ 6 weeks was 13.5 months (95%CI , 9.1-17.9) and for WT > 6 weeks was 14.2 months (95%CI, 11.2-17.2) (HR 1.165, 95%CI 0.770-1.762; p = 0.470). In the multivariate analysis, the variables associated with survival were KPS (p < 0.001), extent of resection (p = 0.009) and the adjuvant treatment (p = 0.001). The KPS interacted with WT to RT (HR 0.128, 95%CI 0.034-0.476; p = 0.002), showing that the benefit of KPS on OS depends on the WT to RT. Conclusion No prognostic impact of WT to RT could be detected on the OS. Although there are no data to ensure that delays to RT are tolerable, we may reassure patients that the time-length to initiate treatment does not seem to influence the control of the disease, particularly in face of other prognostic factors. .
Objetivo Avaliar o efeito do tempo de espera (TE) até radioterapia na sobrevida global de pacientes com glioblastoma como um fator prognóstico confiável. Método Estudo retrospectivo de 115 pacientes com glioblastoma, que foram submetidos à radioterapia pós-operatória, em dois serviços diferentes no Brasil (um público e outro privado). Resultados Mediana de TE para radioterapia foi de 6 semanas (variação, 1,3-17,6). A mediana de sobrevida para TE ≤ 6 semanas foi de 13,5 meses (IC95%, 9,1-17,9) e para TE > 6 semanas foi de 14,2 meses (IC95%, 11,2-17,2) (HR 1,165, 0,770-1,762; p = 0,470). Na análise multivariada, as variáveis associadas à sobrevida foram perfomance status (p < 0,001), extensão da ressecção (p = 0,009) e tratamento adjuvante (p = 0,001). Conclusão Não se observou impacto prognóstico para TE até a radioterapia na sobrevida. Diante de outros fatores prognósticos, é possível assegurar de que o espaço de tempo até a radioterapia não parece influenciar o controle da doença. .
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Gravidez , Papio/fisiologia , Prenhez/fisiologia , Contração Uterina/fisiologia , Eletromiografia/veterinária , Laparotomia/veterinária , Fotoperíodo , Papio/cirurgiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of abnormal glomerular filtration rate in elderly patients with solid tumors. METHODS: A retrospective study with patients aged >65 years diagnosed with solid tumors between January 2007 and December 2011 in a cancer center. The following data were collected: sex, age, serum creatinine at the time of diagnosis and type of tumor. Renal function was calculated using abbreviated Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formulae and then staged in accordance with the clinical practice guidelines published by the Working Group of the National Kidney Foundation. RESULTS: A total of 666 patients were included and 60% were male. The median age was 74.2 years (range: 65 to 99 years). The most prevalent diagnosis in the study population were colorectal (24%), prostate (20%), breast (16%) and lung cancer (16%). The prevalence of elevated serum creatinine (>1.0mg/dL) was 30%. However, when patients were assessed using abbreviated MDRD formulae, 66% had abnormal renal function, stratified as follows: 45% with stage 2, 18% with stage 3, 3% with stage 4 and 0.3% with stage 5. CONCLUSION: To the best of our knowledge, this was the first study to estimate the frequency of renal insufficiency in elderly cancer patients in Brazil. The prevalence of abnormal renal function among our cohort was high. As suspected, the absolute creatinine level does underestimate renal function impairment and should not be used as predictor of chemotherapy metabolism, excretion and consequent toxicity.
Assuntos
Taxa de Filtração Glomerular , Neoplasias/complicações , Insuficiência Renal/epidemiologia , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Institutos de Câncer/estatística & dados numéricos , Creatinina/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Neoplasias/fisiopatologia , Prevalência , Insuficiência Renal/fisiopatologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Centros de Atenção Terciária/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Objective To estimate the prevalence of abnormal glomerular filtration rate in elderly patients with solid tumors. Methods A retrospective study with patients aged >65 years diagnosed with solid tumors between January 2007 and December 2011 in a cancer center. The following data were collected: sex, age, serum creatinine at the time of diagnosis and type of tumor. Renal function was calculated using abbreviated Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formulae and then staged in accordance with the clinical practice guidelines published by the Working Group of the National Kidney Foundation. Results A total of 666 patients were included and 60% were male. The median age was 74.2 years (range: 65 to 99 years). The most prevalent diagnosis in the study population were colorectal (24%), prostate (20%), breast (16%) and lung cancer (16%). The prevalence of elevated serum creatinine (>1.0mg/dL) was 30%. However, when patients were assessed using abbreviated MDRD formulae, 66% had abnormal renal function, stratified as follows: 45% with stage 2, 18% with stage 3, 3% with stage 4 and 0.3% with stage 5. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this was the first study to estimate the frequency of renal insufficiency in elderly cancer patients in Brazil. The prevalence of abnormal renal function among our cohort was high. As suspected, the absolute creatinine level does underestimate renal function impairment and should not be used as predictor of chemotherapy metabolism, excretion and consequent toxicity. .
Objetivo Estimar a prevalência de taxa de filtração glomerular alterada em pacientes idosos diagnosticados com tumores sólidos. Métodos Estudo retrospectivo de pacientes com mais de 65 anos de idade, diagnosticados com tumores sólidos entre janeiro de 2007 e dezembro de 2011 em um centro de tratamento oncológico. Foram coletados dados sobre sexo, idade, creatinina sérica à época do diagnóstico e tipo de tumor. A função renal foi calculada utilizando a versão simplificada da equação MDRD (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease) e depois estratificada de acordo com as diretrizes de prática clínica do Working Group of the National Kidney Foundation. Resultados Foram incluídos 666 pacientes, sendo 60% do sexo masculino. A idade mediana foi 74,2 anos (variação de 65 a 99 anos), e os diagnósticos mais prevalentes na população do estudo foram câncer colorretal (24%), de próstata (20%), mama (16%) e pulmão (16%). A prevalência de creatinina sérica elevada (>1,0mg/dL) foi 30%. No entanto, quando os pacientes foram avaliados utilizando a forma abreviada da equação MDRD, 66% tinham uma função renal anormal assim estratificada: 45% em estádio 2, 18% em estádio 3, 3% em estádio 4 e 0,3% em estádio 5. Conclusão Até onde sabemos, este foi o primeiro estudo a estimar a frequência de insuficiência renal em pacientes idosos com câncer no Brasil. A prevalência de função renal alterada na coorte estudada foi alta. Como suspeitávamos, o nível absoluto de creatinina subestima a alteração na função renal e não deve ser usado como preditor de metabolismo, excreção e consequente toxicidade dos agentes quimioterápicos. .
Assuntos
Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular , Neoplasias/complicações , Insuficiência Renal/epidemiologia , Fatores Etários , Brasil/epidemiologia , Institutos de Câncer/estatística & dados numéricos , Creatinina/sangue , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Neoplasias/fisiopatologia , Prevalência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Insuficiência Renal/fisiopatologia , Fatores de Tempo , Centros de Atenção Terciária/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological and survival features of patients with glioblastoma multiforme treated in 2 health care scenarios--public and private--in Brazil. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed clinical, treatment, and outcome characteristics of glioblastoma multiforme patients from 2003 to 2011 at 2 institutions. RESULTS: The median age of the 171 patients (117 public and 54 private) was 59.3 years (range, 18-84). The median survival for patients treated in private institutions was 17.4 months (95% confidence interval, 11.1-23.7) compared with 7.1 months (95% confidence interval, 3.8-10.4) for patients treated in public institutions (P < .001). The time from the first symptom to surgery was longer in the public setting (median of 64 days for the public hospital and 31 days for the private institution; P = .003). The patients at the private hospital received radiotherapy concurrent with chemotherapy in 59.3% of cases; at the public hospital, only 21.4% (P < .001). Despite these differences, the institution of treatment was not found to be an independent predictor of outcome (hazard ratio, 1.675; 95% confidence interval, 0.951-2.949; P = .074). The Karnofsky performance status and any additional treatment after surgery were predictors of survival. A hazard ratio of 0.010 (95% confidence interval, 0.003-0.033; P < .001) was observed for gross total tumor resection followed by radiotherapy concurrent with chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Despite obvious disparities between the hospitals, the medical assistance scenario was not an independent predictor of survival. However, survival was directly influenced by additional treatment after surgery. Therefore, increasing access to resources in developing countries like Brazil is critical.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Encefálicas/terapia , Glioblastoma/mortalidade , Glioblastoma/terapia , Disparidades em Assistência à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Brasil , Feminino , Hospitais Privados/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitais Públicos/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To describe the flow and costs associated with the diagnosis and treatment of patients with breast cancer who come from the public healthcare system and were treated at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. METHODS: Between August 2009, and December 2011, 51 patients referred by the Unified Public Healthcare System (SUS) had access to Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein for diagnostic radiology, medical oncology, radiotherapy, and oncologic/breast reconstruction surgery. The data were collected retrospectively from the hospital records, patient charts, pharmacy records, and from the hospital billing system. RESULTS: The total sum spent for diagnosis and treatment of these 51 patients was US$ 1,457,500.00. This value encompassed expenses with a total of 85 hospitalizations, 2,875 outpatient visits, 16 emergency room visits, and all expenses associated with these stays at the hospital. The expenditure for treatment of each patient submitted to biopsy, breast conserving surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy without trastuzumab (a regime with taxane followed by anthracycline), radiotherapy, and 5 years of tamoxifen was approximately US$ 25,500.00. CONCLUSION: Strategies for cost-reduction of treatment in the private setting are necessary to enable future large-scale public-private partnerships in oncology.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Mama/terapia , Parcerias Público-Privadas/economia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Brasil , Feminino , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde , Serviços de Saúde/economia , Hospitalização/economia , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To describe the flow and costs associated with the diagnosis and treatment of patients with breast cancer who come from the public healthcare system and were treated at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. METHODS: Between August 2009, and December 2011, 51 patients referred by the Unified Public Healthcare System (SUS) had access to Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein for diagnostic radiology, medical oncology, radiotherapy, and oncologic/breast reconstruction surgery. The data were collected retrospectively from the hospital records, patient charts, pharmacy records, and from the hospital billing system. RESULTS: The total sum spent for diagnosis and treatment of these 51 patients was US$ 1,457,500.00. This value encompassed expenses with a total of 85 hospitalizations, 2,875 outpatient visits, 16 emergency room visits, and all expenses associated with these stays at the hospital. The expenditure for treatment of each patient submitted to biopsy, breast conserving surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy without trastuzumab (a regime with taxane followed by anthracycline), radiotherapy, and 5 years of tamoxifen was approximately US$ 25,500.00. CONCLUSION: Strategies for cost-reduction of treatment in the private setting are necessary to enable future large-scale public-private partnerships in oncology.
OBJETIVO: Descrever os fluxos e os custos associados ao diagnóstico e tratamento de pacientes com câncer de mama provenientes do Sistema Único de Saúde e tratadas no Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. MÉTODOS: Entre agosto de 2009 e dezembro de 2011, 51 pacientes do Sistema Único de Saúde tiveram acesso à estrutura do Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein para os serviços de radiologia, oncologia, radioterapia e cirurgia oncológica/reconstrutora de mama. Os dados foram coletados retrospectivamente, a partir do registro hospitalar de câncer, prontuários, registros de farmácia e do sistema de cobrança do hospital. RESULTADOS: O valor total gasto para o diagnóstico e tratamento dessas 51 pacientes foi de R$ 2.915.000,00. Esse valor compreendeu os gastos com um total de 85 internações, 2.875 atendimentos ambulatoriais, 16 atendimentos no pronto atendimento e todos os custos associados a essas passagens pelo hospital. O valor gasto para o tratamento de cada paciente submetida à biópsia, setorectomia, quimioterapia adjuvante sem trastuzumabe (esquema com taxano seguido de antraciclina), radioterapia e 5 anos de tamoxifeno, foi de, aproximadamente, R$ 51.000,00 CONCLUSÃO: Estratégias de redução do custo do tratamento na rede privada seriam necessárias para permitir futuras parcerias público-privadas em grande escala, em oncologia.