RESUMO
This article compares isotopic, ionic and climatic data from two firn cores from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS). The IC-02 (88°01'21.3"S , 82°04'21.7"W) and the IC-05 (82°30'30.8"S , 79°28'02.7"W) closer to the coast. The IC-02 had 488 samples analyzed covering 14.58 meters depth while the IC-05 had 602 samples analyzed covering 19.73 meters depth. The time interval for both ice cores is 25 years ranging from 1978 to 2003. Sodium, sulfate and chloride were analyzed via ion chromatography using three DionexTM ionic chromatographers at the laboratories of Centro Polar e Climático (CPC) and at the Climate Change Institute. Stable isotope data was determined using cavity ring-down spectroscopy in a Picarro® spectrometer at the CPC. Annual accumulation was greater at IC-05 with an average of 0.35 m.eq.w.a-1 compared to 0.25 m.eq.w.a-1 at the IC-02. Stable isotope data was approximately 1.3 times more negative at the IC-02 which also presented higher d values. Na+ and Cl- were in higher concentrations at the IC-05 however Cl/Na was greater in the IC-02. The Cl excess was found to be derived from fractionation of sea salt aerosols and not related to volcanism. This work presents new insights regarding the chemical differences between ice cores.
Assuntos
Isótopos , Sódio , Regiões Antárticas , Íons , Camada de Gelo/químicaRESUMO
A 22.48 m long ice core (BR-IC-4) was collected in the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (at 83°58'59.4" S, 80°07'01.4" W, 1,295 m above the sea level) during the Austral summer of 2004-2005, as a contribution to the International Trans-Antarctic Expedition program. The isotopic composition (δD and δ18O) of 599 samples, corresponding to the upper 12.98 m of the ice core, was determined by gas source mass spectrometry and cavity ring-down spectroscopy. Relative dating was based on the isotopic ratios and major ions (MS-, Na+, nssSO4 2-) and trace elements (Na, S, Sr) concentrations. The record covers approximately 13 years - from 1990 to 2003. The mean accumulation rate of 0.48 ± 0.09 m water equivalent per year (m eq H2O a1) is relatively high for the geographical area and possibly results from snowdrifting from near areas, as attested by ice glaze surfaces in other sites in the region. The stable isotope δD content varies between -367.90 and 256.30 (mean -314.42 ± 19.01); and δ18O ranges from -44.96 to 35.08 (mean -39.95 ± 2.05). Deuterium excess values (mean 3.70 ± 1.54) indicate episodic intense oceanic evaporation and high relative humidity in the moisture sources.