RESUMO
Active hybrid microspheres were prepared by blending aqueous solutions of gelatine and chitosan with different concentrations of copper nanoparticles (0) (CuNPs) using emulsion-based crosslinking synthesis to obtain hybrid microspheres. The incorporation of CuNPs slightly affected the physical and chemical properties of the films. Microscopic surface structure (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the presence of elemental copper and the crystalline structure of the CuNPs in the hybrid matrix. The surface properties of CuNPs were studied by XPS analyses. The antimicrobial activity of CuNPs coated with chitosan (QO)/gelatine (GE) compared to the QO/GE matrix alone was investigated, using the agar diffusion and culture medium methods in Mueller-Hinton. The evaluation was performed using the Gram-negative bacterium E. coli and the Gram positive bacterium E. faecalis. The investigated microspheres showed antimicrobial activity. Hybrid microspheres with 40 mg of Cu, evaluated in liquid medium, inhibited the growth of E. coli by 56% and of E. faecalis by 40% compared to the matrix hybridised alone; in solid medium, the inhibition was 2.5-fold and 2.6-fold, respectively. Thus, these microspheres are a promising material for applications with medical uses.
Assuntos
Nanopartículas Metálicas , Nanopartículas , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Cobre/farmacologia , Escherichia coli , Microesferas , Difração de Raios XRESUMO
El mayor acceso a las terapias biológicas para el tratamiento de múltiples enfer-medades autoinmune trae consigo el mayor riesgo de padecer eventos adversos relacionados al uso de estos2,4. Presentamos un caso clínico de una paciente con diagnóstico de artritis reumatoide en tratamiento con ANTI TNF
The greater access to biological therapies for the treatment of multiple autoim-mune diseases brings with it the greatest risk of suffering adverse events related to the use of these (2,4). We present a clinical case of a patient diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis in treatment with ANTI TNF
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Lúpus Eritematoso Cutâneo/etiologia , Inibidores do Fator de Necrose Tumoral/efeitos adversos , Artrite Reumatoide/complicações , Doenças Autoimunes/terapiaRESUMO
STUDY QUESTION: Does fibronectin (Fn) stimulate the sperm capacitation process in humans? SUMMARY ANSWER: Fibronectin stimulates human sperm capacitation. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Capacitation is a process that occurs in the oviduct. It has been suggested that some molecules present in the oviductal fluid and cells as well as proteins present in the cumulus oophorus could be involved in the modulation of sperm function and their acquisition of fertilizing capacity. Fibronectin is a glycoprotein that is present in the fluid and the oviduct epithelium, and its receptor (alpha 5 beta 1 integrin) is present in human sperm. When alpha 5 beta 1 (α5ß1) integrin binds to fibronectin, intracellular signals similar to the process of sperm capacitation are activated. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: Human sperm were selected via a percoll gradient and were then incubated in non-capacitated medium (NCM) or reconstituted capacitated medium (RCM), in the presence or absence of fibronectin for different time periods. A total of 39 donors were used during the study, which lasted 3 years. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Freshly ejaculated sperm from healthy volunteers were obtained by masturbation. All semen samples were normal according to the World Health Organization parameters. Six approaches were used to determine the effects of fibronectin on sperm capacitation: chlortetracycline (CTC) assay, heterologous co-culture of human sperm with bovine oviductal epithelial cells (BOEC), measurement of cyclic (c) AMP levels, activity of protein kinase A (PKA), phosphorylation of proteins in tyrosine (Tyr) residues, and induction of acrosome reaction with progesterone. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: When sperm were incubated in RCM in the presence of Fn, we observed differences with respect to sperm incubated in RCM without Fn (control): (i) a 10% increase in the percentage of sperm with the B pattern (capacitated sperm) of CTC fluorescence from the beginning of capacitation (P < 0.001); (ii) an effect on both the concentration of cAMP (P < 0.05) and PKA activity (P < 0.05) during early capacitation; (iii) an increase in the degree of phosphorylation of proteins on tyrosine residues after 60 min of capacitation (P < 0.01); (iv) an increase in the percentage of acrosome-reacted sperm in response to progesterone (P < 0.05); and (v) a decrease in the percentage of sperm attached to BOEC (P < 0.05). Moreover, we noted that the effect of Fn was specific and mediated by alpha 5 beta 1 integrin (P < 0.001). Fn by itself had no effect on sperm capacitation. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: This study was carried out with sperm from young adult men. Men with abnormal semen samples were excluded. The results cannot be directly extrapolated to other mammalian species. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Currently, male subfertility has become a huge public health problem, which makes it imperative to develop new treatments. This is a novel discovery that extends our current knowledge concerning normal and pathological sperm physiology as well as events that regulate the process of fertilization. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: This study was supported by grants from FONDECYT (1130341, E.S.D. and 1120056, P.M.) and FONCYT (PIP 2011-0496, S.P.-M). The authors have no conflicts of interest.
Assuntos
Proteínas Quinases Dependentes de AMP Cíclico/metabolismo , AMP Cíclico/metabolismo , Fibronectinas/fisiologia , Transdução de Sinais/fisiologia , Capacitação Espermática/fisiologia , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The aim of this work was to improve the assessment of the periodontal disease status through measurements of extracellular matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissular inhibitors (TIMPs) in the gingival crevicular fluid from patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis. METHODS: Gingival crevicular fluid samples from patients (n = 13) were taken from 60 sites initially, and from 51 and 41 sites, respectively, 3 and 6 months after scaling and root planing. Gingival crevicular fluid samples were also taken from healthy subjects (n = 11, 24 sites). The presence of MMP-9 and MMP-8 was assessed by zymography and immunowestern blotting, respectively. The actual MMP activity (gelatinase and collagenase) was measured using the fluorogenic substrate assay. TIMP-1 and -2 levels were measured by immunodot blot. RESULTS: The fluorogenic substrate assay determinations showed higher MMP activity in sites with probing depth > or = 4 mm, with significant reduction post-treatment. Gelatinase activity followed by zymography consisted mainly of MMP-9. A different pattern of MMP-8 in control and patient sites was found. Controls only showed species of a partially active form (69 kDa), whereas patient sites showed a high frequency of the active form (56 kDa), and in some cases the latent form (85 kDa) was also observed. The active form reduced its frequency in sites with probing depth > or = 4 mm. TIMP-1 and -2 levels in patients were significantly lower than in controls, and after treatment the recovery of TIMP-1 level similar to control was observed. CONCLUSION: Significant correlations between the severity of the periodontal disease and the actual MMP activity, the active form of MMP-8 and the low level of both TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were found.
Assuntos
Líquido do Sulco Gengival/metabolismo , Metaloproteinases da Matriz/metabolismo , Periodontite/metabolismo , Inibidores Teciduais de Metaloproteinases/metabolismo , Adulto , Análise de Variância , Western Blotting/métodos , Feminino , Fluorometria/métodos , Líquido do Sulco Gengival/enzimologia , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Metaloproteinases da Matriz/análise , Neutrófilos/enzimologia , Periodontite/enzimologia , Periodontite/terapia , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Inibidores Teciduais de Metaloproteinases/análiseRESUMO
This investigation combines confocal microscopy with the cation-specific fluorescent dyes Fluo-3 and BTC-5N to localize calcium and heavy metals along the length of intact lobster (Homarus americanus) hepatopancreatic tubules and isolated cells. A metallothionein-specific antibody, developed in mollusks with cross-reactivity in crustaceans, showed the tissue-specific occurrence of this metal-binding protein in several organ systems in lobster and in single cell types isolated from lobster hepatopancreas. Individual lobster hepatopancreatic epithelial cell types were separated into pure single cell type suspensions for confocal and antibody experiments. Intact hepatopancreatic tubules showed high concentrations of both calcium and heavy metals at the distal tips of tubules where mitotic stem cells (E-cells) are localized. In addition, a concentrated distribution of calcium signal within isolated single premolt E-cells in solution was disclosed that might suggest an endoplasmic reticulum compartmentation of this cation within these stem cells. Both E- and R-cells showed significantly (P < 0.05) greater intracellular calcium concentrations in premolt than intermolt, suggesting the accumulation of this cation in these cells prior to the molt. Antibody studies with lobster tissues indicated that the hepatopancreas possessed 5-10 times the metallothionein concentration as other lobster organ systems and that isolated E-cells from the hepatopancreas displayed more than twice the binding protein concentrations of other cells of this organ or those of blood cells. These results suggest that crustacean hepatopancreatic stem cells (E-cells) and R-cells play significant roles in calcium and heavy metal homeostasis in this tissue. Interactions between the four hepatopancreatic cell types in this regulatory activity remain to be elucidated.
Assuntos
Cálcio/metabolismo , Células Epiteliais/metabolismo , Hepatopâncreas/metabolismo , Metalotioneína/metabolismo , Metais Pesados/metabolismo , Nephropidae/fisiologia , Compostos de Anilina/metabolismo , Animais , Separação Celular , Células Epiteliais/citologia , Corantes Fluorescentes/metabolismo , Hepatopâncreas/citologia , Microscopia Confocal , Coloração e Rotulagem , Xantenos/metabolismoRESUMO
Lipoblastoma is a benign mesenchymal tumor of embryonic adipose tissue, uncommon in infancy. Multicentricity, absence of a capsule and histopathology best defines a lipoblastoma. Synonyms for this lesion are embryonic lipoma, fetal lipoma, lipoblastic tumor, and congenital lipomatoid tumor. Lipoblastoma is more common in males (approximately 80%), is usually located in the subcutaneous soft tissue (benign lipoblastoma) or in the deep interstitium (benign lipoblastomatosis), or sometimes in all corporeal segments. Primary treatment is complete excision. Relapse is between 14-25%, many of which are more "mature," and difficult to differentiate from lipoma. The differential diagnosis includes liposarcoma, which is rare under ten years. Radical excision in children is recommended with relapses, especially with lipoblastomatosis. Chromosomal markers help discriminate between liposarcoma and lipoblastoma.
Assuntos
Doenças do Pé/congênito , Perna (Membro)/patologia , Lipoma/congênito , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/cirurgia , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/congênito , Feminino , Doenças do Pé/complicações , Doenças do Pé/cirurgia , Humanos , Hipertrofia , Recém-Nascido , Desigualdade de Membros Inferiores/etiologia , Lipoma/complicações , Lipoma/cirurgia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Reoperação , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/complicações , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/cirurgiaRESUMO
The aim of this report is to explain the historical differences between Klippel-Trenaunay (KT), Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber (KTW), and Klippel-Trenaunay-Servelle (KTS) syndromes. Furthermore, an attempt will be made to describe the different causes, symptoms, and consequences of the pathology, largely as a consequence of venous hypertension. The significance of these syndromes within the pediatric population is highlighted.
Assuntos
Síndrome de Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber/diagnóstico , Síndrome , Angiografia , Angiomatose/diagnóstico , Malformações Arteriovenosas/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Extremidades , Feminino , Glaucoma/patologia , Hemangioma/diagnóstico , Hemangioma/patologia , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Perna (Membro) , Masculino , Doenças Vasculares/diagnósticoRESUMO
Dentro del proceso de reforma del sector salud se ha creado la necesidad de desarrollar sistemas de información contable que permitan establecer sistemas de control tomando en consideración los escasos recursos financieros. La presente investigación que se la efectuó en la provincia del Napo en su capital Tena, Caso: Hospital Provincial José María Velasco Ibarra. Pretendió conocer cuánto le cuesta la atención institucional, por servicio y por paciente atendido y Hospitalizado por Infección Respiratoria Aguda, Infección Diarréica Aguda, Parasitosis, Infección de Vías Urinarias y Desnutrición, siendo estas patologías las más frecuentes en el servicio de Pediatría, en las áreas de Hospitalización, Consulta Externa y Emergencia del Hospital Provincial antes mencionado, para el año 1997. Se realizó una investigación de tipo operativo descriptivo que se encuentra dentro del marco de trabajo con categorías económicas, se aplicó técnicas como la observación indirecta o documental y la observación de campo y de fuente directa. Se utilizó la metodología nos permitió obtener varios productos, en primer lugar conocer los Costos Totales Anuales de la institución, en segundo lugar conocer los Costos del Servicio de Pediatría y en Tercer lugar el costo de cada una de las patologías en estudio, a través de matrices para cada caso en particular...
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Humanos , Criança , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitais Estaduais , Distúrbios Nutricionais , Infecções Respiratórias , Infecções Urinárias , Equador , Departamentos Hospitalares , PediatriaRESUMO
Dentro del proceso de reforma del sector salud se ha creado la necesidad de desarrollar sistemas de información contable que permitan establecer sistemas de control tomando en consideración los escasos recursos financieros.La presente investigación que se la efectuó en la provincia del Napo en su capital Tena, Caso: Hospital Provincial Velasco Ibarra pretendió conocer cúanto le cuesta la atención institucional, por servicio y por paciente atendido y Hospitalizado por Infección Respiratoria Aguda, Infección Diarréica Aguda, parasitosis, Infección de Vías Urinarias y Desnutrición, siendo estas partologías las más freceuntes en el servicio de Pediatría