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The corn snake (Pantherophis guttatus) is a non-venomous snake from the Colubridae family. The pair of scent glands is indispensable in the physiology of reproduction and defense of the species. This structure is located caudal to the cloaca. It is responsible for releasing a thick material based on lipids containing pheromones that perform functions associated with animal behavior and survival. This work aims to report infection by Morganella sp. in a scent gland in a female corn snake, evidencing the diagnosis and treatment. An increase in volume was seen in the final third, proximal to the cloaca, firm consistency, immobile, and approximately 4 cm long and painful to touch. Samples of the material were collected for bacterial culture and antibiogram examination, being positive for bacteria of the genus Morganella. Based on the result of the antibiogram, it was possible to determine the most appropriate therapeutic protocol, with the referral to perform the surgical procedure to remove the tissue compromised by the infection, remaining stable until the removal of the stitches 40 days after the procedure, with total surgical wound healing.(AU)

A corn snake (Pantherophis guttatus) é uma serpente não peçonhenta, da família Colubridae. Na fisiologia da reprodução e defesa da espécie, o par de glândulas de cheiro é indispensável. Essa estrutura está localizada caudal à cloaca e é responsável pela liberação de um material espesso à base de lipídeos, contendo feromônios que exercem funções associadas ao comportamento animal e à sua sobrevivência. O objetivo desse trabalho é relatar uma infecção por Morganella sp. em glândula de cheiro em uma fêmea de corn snake, evidenciando o diagnóstico e tratamento. Observou-se um aumento de volume no terço final, proximal a cloaca, de consistência firme, imóvel e com aproximadamente 4 cm de comprimento e sensibilidade dolorosa ao toque. Foram coletadas amostras do material para cultura bacteriana e exame de antibiograma, sendo positivo para bactérias do gênero Morganella. Com base no resultado do antibiograma, foi possível determinar o protocolo terapêutico mais adequado, como o encaminhamento para realização do procedimento cirúrgico para remoção do tecido comprometido pela infecção, se mantendo estável até a remoção dos pontos, 40 dias após o procedimento, com total cicatrização da ferida cirúrgica.(AU)

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Background: Marek's disease (MD) is a transmissible disease in chickens caused by Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2 (GaHV-2). The infection is characterized by lymphocyte cellular infiltrates in peripheral nerves and other organs and tissues, including the skin; which can lead to dysfunction causing progressive asymmetric paresis and complete spastic paralysis of body extremities. Dermatitis and cardiac myositis caused by GaHV-2 in free-range chickens has rarely been described in Brazil. This reports the occurrence of the disease with a confirmatory molecular diagnosis in free-range poultry showing signs of dermatitis, poor performance, and cachexia and no mortality in the semi-arid Potiguar region. Cases: Twenty roosters of the Shamo lineage, among a brood of 42 birds, had a history of progressive weight loss and skin lesions. Two birds with poor body condition, erythema, and scaling of the skin in the head and cervical regions were sent for clinical care. All birds were between 12 and 18 months of age and were vaccinated against Newcastle disease and Fowlpox with only a few receiving vaccines against MD and Gumboro disease. According to the owner's report, some birds were previously kept outdoors, and when they were transferred to a small shed with little air circulation, they began to develop clinical signs after approximately 15 days. The first signs of the disease were also reported to have appeared 2.5 months before clinical care and, in the meantime, several treatments were instituted without success. Owing to the general condition of the animals and inconclusive clinical suspicion, the birds were subjected to euthanasia and necropsy. Tissue samples were collected for histopathological and polymerase chain reaction analyses to search for the GaHV-2 DNA meq gene. The main clinicopathological findings were erythema (47%, 20/42) and desquamation of skin and mild, prominent white multifocal areas in the heart. Histopathology revealed infiltration of pleomorphic lymphoblastic cells in the skin, heart, and sciatic nerve. The amplification of the L-meq and meq oncoprotein genes in these organs and in the liver, confirmed the infection by GaHV-2, consistent with that of a field strain. Discussion: MD was confirmed based on the macroscopic and histological lesions, and with the detection of GaHV-2 DNA in the affected tissues. The unusual clinical presentation represented an initial challenge for diagnosis. The clinical history was important to lead to the suspicion of MD, as roosters initiated clinical signs 15 days after they were transferred to a small shed with poor air circulation. This probably favored the high viral concentration and disease transmission among susceptible birds in the brood because the feather follicle is the primary site of viral replication for transmission; and desquamation of infected epithelial cells favor airborne horizontal transmission to susceptible chickens. The roosters had not been vaccinated against MD, which probably favored the infection, as vaccination is known to be a fundamental approach for MD control for effective growth of the poultry industry. Clinical findings and lesions, together with viral molecular detection, were fundamental for the diagnosis, a premise for the application of adequate prevention and control measures for the disease in breeding. This is the first report of MD with a confirmatory molecular diagnosis in northeastern Brazil.

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Background: Histomoniasis is a disease caused by Histomonas meleagridis, a flagellated protozoan that can cause severenecrotizing hepatitis and typhlitis in several bird species. The disease has a cosmopolitan distribution. In experimentalinfection, peacocks (Pavo spp.) showed susceptibility to histomoniasis, however there are few reports on natural histomoniasis in this species. In northeastern Brazil, reports about its occurrence in avian species are scarce and nonexistent inpeacocks. Therefore, this report aims to describe the epidemiological and clinicopathological aspects of a histomoniasiscase in a peacock (Pavo cristatus) in the Brazilian semiarid region.Case: A 3-month-old male peacock with a history of apathy and anorexia was attended in the Veterinary Hospital of theUniversidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Mossoró, RN, Brazil. The animal was raised extensively in a farmwithout basic sanitary measures, also with a history of living with animals of different species. After clinical examination, inwhich intense apathy and weight loss were confirmed, the bird was submitted to emergency therapeutic measures, howeverthere was no clinical improvement and the bird died. At necropsy, intense diffuse bilateral necrotizing typhlitis and multifocalto coalescent necrotizing hepatitis were observed. Fragments of the organs were collected in 10% neutral buffered formalinfor histopathological analysis and cecal content were collected for microbiological analysis. Histopathology of the cecumrevealed transmural necrotizing typhlitis associated with myriads of trophozoites morphologically compatible with Histomonasmeleagridis. The same microorganisms were observed in association with necrotizing hepatitis lesions, which allowed thediagnosis of histomoniasis. Also, the bacterium Pantoea agglomerans was isolated from the cecal content...(AU)

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Background: Histomoniasis is a disease caused by Histomonas meleagridis, a flagellated protozoan that can cause severenecrotizing hepatitis and typhlitis in several bird species. The disease has a cosmopolitan distribution. In experimentalinfection, peacocks (Pavo spp.) showed susceptibility to histomoniasis, however there are few reports on natural histomoniasis in this species. In northeastern Brazil, reports about its occurrence in avian species are scarce and nonexistent inpeacocks. Therefore, this report aims to describe the epidemiological and clinicopathological aspects of a histomoniasiscase in a peacock (Pavo cristatus) in the Brazilian semiarid region.Case: A 3-month-old male peacock with a history of apathy and anorexia was attended in the Veterinary Hospital of theUniversidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Mossoró, RN, Brazil. The animal was raised extensively in a farmwithout basic sanitary measures, also with a history of living with animals of different species. After clinical examination, inwhich intense apathy and weight loss were confirmed, the bird was submitted to emergency therapeutic measures, howeverthere was no clinical improvement and the bird died. At necropsy, intense diffuse bilateral necrotizing typhlitis and multifocalto coalescent necrotizing hepatitis were observed. Fragments of the organs were collected in 10% neutral buffered formalinfor histopathological analysis and cecal content were collected for microbiological analysis. Histopathology of the cecumrevealed transmural necrotizing typhlitis associated with myriads of trophozoites morphologically compatible with Histomonasmeleagridis. The same microorganisms were observed in association with necrotizing hepatitis lesions, which allowed thediagnosis of histomoniasis. Also, the bacterium Pantoea agglomerans was isolated from the cecal content...

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Dentre as principais afecções que acometem aves silvestres e que dificultam a conservação desses indivíduos, estão as endoparasitoses, que ganham destaque devido a sua alta prevalência. Dentro do filo Nematoda, Capillaria spp. é tido como um dos gêneros de endoparasitos de maior interesse sanitário no âmbito da medicina de aves, pois pode parasitar psitacídeos, passeriformes, columbiformes, galiformes e rapinantes. Portanto, a fim de favorecer dados ecológicos da relação parasito-hospedeiro demonstrada através deste estudo, o objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar, pela primeira vez no Brasil, a ocorrência de Capillaria spp. em N. erythrops olivascens. Os nematódeos deste gênero acometem, principalmente, o sistema respiratório e o trato gastrintestinal dos hospedeiros, causando inflamações e ulcerações nos locais de fixação, e ocasionando prejuízos à higidez dos animais. Uma das principais formas de diagnóstico é por meio do exame parasitológico das fezes dos animais acometidos e análise em microscopia óptica, onde pode-se observar a presença dos ovos. Assim, coletou-se fezes de um N. erythrops e encaminhou-se ao Laboratório de Parasitologia Animal da UFERSA. A coproparasitologia foi realizada por meio dos métodos de exame direto, flutuação com sulfato de zinco e OPG em câmara de McMaster, utilizando solução de cloreto de sódio a 0,9%. O animal foi tratado com ivermectina, mas percebeu-se que a utilização desse fármaco não surtiu efeito para a eliminação do parasito. A ocorrência desse Nematoda em N. erythrops, relatada pela primeira vez no Brasil, constitui um novo dado aplicável aos endoparasitos que ocorrem nessa espécie hospedeira.

Among the main conditions that affect wild birds and hinder the conservation of these individuals are the endoparasitic diseases, that stand out due to their high prevalence. Within the phylum Nematoda, Capillaria spp. is considered as one of the endoparasites genera which is of great health interest in the field of poultry medicine, since it can parasitize parrots, passerines, pigeons, galliforms and predators. Therefore, in order to provide ecological data on the parasite-host relationship demonstrated through this study, the objective of this paper was to report, for the first time in Brazil, the occurrence of Capillaria spp. in N. erythrops olivascens. Nematodes of this genus mainly affect the respiratory system and gastrointestinal tract of the hosts, causing inflammation and ulcerations at the sites of attachment, causing damage to the animals' health. One of the main forms of diagnosis is through parasitological examination of the feces of affected animals and analysis under optical microscopy, where the presence of eggs can be observed. Feces were collected of a N. erythrops and sent to the Laboratory of Animal Parasitology at UFERSA. Coproparasitology was performed by direct examination, flotation with zinc sulfate, and OPG in a McMaster chamber, using 0.9% sodium chloride solution. The animal was treated with ivermectin, but it was noticed that the use of this drug had no effect on the elimination of the parasite. The occurrence of this Nematoda in N. erythrops is reported for the first time and constitutes a new data applicable to the entoparasites that occur in this host species in Brazil.

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The Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus), also known as Mongolian jird, is a rodent of the family Cricetidae. One of its most noticeable anatomical characteristics is the presence of ventral and dorsal scent glands, the former located in the abdominal region. The present study aimed at describing an incidence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the ventral scent gland in the species. A two-year-old animal characterized by an increased volume in the ventral abdominal region was treated at the Veterinary Hospital. After evaluating the macro-and microscopic characteristics of the mass tissue, a diagnosis of SCC could be confirmed. However, further studies on the physiology of neoplasms in Mongolian gerbils are needed in order to promote the well-being and longevity of individuals. Hormonal dysfunction of sexual origin is likely the most common factor associated with the occurrence of this type of neoplasm in the species.

O esquilo-da-mongólia (Meriones unguiculatus), conhecido também como gerbil, é um roedor da família Cricetidae. Uma das características anatômicas evidentes nesses animais é a presença de glândulas ventrais e dorsais. Este trabalho teve como objetivo relatar um carcinoma de células escamosas (CCE) na glândula ventral da região abdominal, em um esquilo-da-mongólia. O animal de 2 anos de idade foi atendido no hospital veterinário, apresentando um aumento de volume na região abdominal ventral. Após avaliar as características macro e microscópicas, foi confirmado o diagnóstico de CCE. Novos estudos são necessários na área para a compreensão de neoplasias em gerbis, para o melhor entendimento de sua fisiologia, o que garantirá o bem-estar e longevidade à esses animais. Nesta espécie, a disfunção hormonal de origem sexual é o que mais está associado à ocorrência desse tipo de neoplasia.

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The Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus), also known as Mongolian jird, is a rodent of the family Cricetidae. One of its most noticeable anatomical characteristics is the presence of ventral and dorsal scent glands, the former located in the abdominal region. The present study aimed at describing an incidence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the ventral scent gland in the species. A two-year-old animal characterized by an increased volume in the ventral abdominal region was treated at the Veterinary Hospital. After evaluating the macro-and microscopic characteristics of the mass tissue, a diagnosis of SCC could be confirmed. However, further studies on the physiology of neoplasms in Mongolian gerbils are needed in order to promote the well-being and longevity of individuals. Hormonal dysfunction of sexual origin is likely the most common factor associated with the occurrence of this type of neoplasm in the species.(AU)

O esquilo-da-mongólia (Meriones unguiculatus), conhecido também como gerbil, é um roedor da família Cricetidae. Uma das características anatômicas evidentes nesses animais é a presença de glândulas ventrais e dorsais. Este trabalho teve como objetivo relatar um carcinoma de células escamosas (CCE) na glândula ventral da região abdominal, em um esquilo-da-mongólia. O animal de 2 anos de idade foi atendido no hospital veterinário, apresentando um aumento de volume na região abdominal ventral. Após avaliar as características macro e microscópicas, foi confirmado o diagnóstico de CCE. Novos estudos são necessários na área para a compreensão de neoplasias em gerbis, para o melhor entendimento de sua fisiologia, o que garantirá o bem-estar e longevidade à esses animais. Nesta espécie, a disfunção hormonal de origem sexual é o que mais está associado à ocorrência desse tipo de neoplasia.(AU)

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O savacu (Nycticorax nycticorax) é uma ave que possui ampla distribuição em todo o território nacional. O sinantropismo predispõe condições que podem levar a traumas decorrentes de acidentes com elementos urbanos. As fraturas de ossos longos podem causar danos nos vasos e nervos, levando ao comprometimento funcional dos membros afetados, dificultando a reintrodução de animais silvestres em seu habitat, exigindo muita cautela e planejamento cirúrgico para escolher o método de correção da fratura. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é relatar a ocorrência de fratura transversa epifisária distal no fêmur e sua correção por meio de pinos intramedulares, hemicerclagem e cerclagem em espécime imaturo de savacu.(AU)

Savacu (Nycticorax nycticorax) is a bird that has wide distribution throughout the national territory. The synanthropism predisposes conditions that can lead to trauma resulting from accidents with urban elements. Long bone fractures can cause vessel and nerve damage, leading to functional impairment of the affected limbs, thus hindering the reintroduction of wildlife animals into their habitat, requiring great caution and surgical planning to choose the method for fracture correction. Thus, the aim of this study is to report the occurrence of distal epiphyseal transverse fracture in the femur and its correction by means of intramedullary pins, hemicerclage and cerclage in immature savacu specimen.(AU)

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A dieta de uma iguana verde (iguana da iguana) é essencialmente composta de folhas verdes, porém, quando esses animais são expostos ao sinantropismo, surgem condições favoráveis à ingestão de corpos estranhos. Casos de ingestão de corpos estranhos por iguanas são escassos e pouco relatados na literatura e, quando ocorrem, a sintomatologia consiste em distensão gástrica ou intestinal e irritação da mucosa, podendo também evoluir para casos de intoxicação. Nesses casos, procedimentos cirúrgicos foram estabelecidos para reverter essas circunstâncias, como cecotomia ou gastrotomia. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é descrever o desempenho de uma enterotomia para remoção de corpo estranho em uma iguana verde (iguana da iguana).(AU)

The diet of a green iguana (Iguana iguana) is essentially composed of green leaves, however when these animals are exposed to synanthropism, favorable conditions for the ingestion of foreign bodies emerge. Cases of ingestion of foreign bodies by iguanas are scarce and little reported in the literature, and when they occur, the symptomatology consists of gastric or intestinal distension and mucosal irritation and may also evolve into cases of intoxication. In these cases, surgical procedures were established to reverse these circumstances, such as cecotomy or gastrotomy. Thus, the objective of this paper is to describe the performance of a foreign body removal enterotomy in a green iguana (Iguana iguana).(AU)

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A dieta de uma iguana verde (iguana da iguana) é essencialmente composta de folhas verdes, porém, quando esses animais são expostos ao sinantropismo, surgem condições favoráveis à ingestão de corpos estranhos. Casos de ingestão de corpos estranhos por iguanas são escassos e pouco relatados na literatura e, quando ocorrem, a sintomatologia consiste em distensão gástrica ou intestinal e irritação da mucosa, podendo também evoluir para casos de intoxicação. Nesses casos, procedimentos cirúrgicos foram estabelecidos para reverter essas circunstâncias, como cecotomia ou gastrotomia. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é descrever o desempenho de uma enterotomia para remoção de corpo estranho em uma iguana verde (iguana da iguana).

The diet of a green iguana (Iguana iguana) is essentially composed of green leaves, however when these animals are exposed to synanthropism, favorable conditions for the ingestion of foreign bodies emerge. Cases of ingestion of foreign bodies by iguanas are scarce and little reported in the literature, and when they occur, the symptomatology consists of gastric or intestinal distension and mucosal irritation and may also evolve into cases of intoxication. In these cases, surgical procedures were established to reverse these circumstances, such as cecotomy or gastrotomy. Thus, the objective of this paper is to describe the performance of a foreign body removal enterotomy in a green iguana (Iguana iguana).

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