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1.
Clin Transl Oncol ; 22(3): 411-419, 2020 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31144211

RESUMO

PURPOSE: We performed a cross-sectional study of neurocognitive function in non-brain cancer patients treated with long-term bevacizumab. METHODS/PATIENTS: From 2015 to 2017, we included patients with different types of cancer treated with bevacizumab with or without chemotherapy (BEV; N = 20) or only chemotherapy (ChT; N = 19) for at least 34 weeks, patients who received non-brain radiotherapy (RxT; N = 19), and healthy controls (HC; N = 19) were assessed once at week 34 of treatment (BEV and ChT) or at completion of radiotherapy. Neurocognition was evaluated with the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R) total and delayed recall, the Trail Making Test A and B, and the Controlled Oral Word Association Test in the four groups. Non-parametric tests were used to assess differences between groups. RESULTS: The BEV, ChT, and RxT groups scored significantly lower than the HC group on all tests and especially on the HVLT-R total recall. In no case were the mean scores of the BEV group significantly lower than those of the ChT or RxT groups. CONCLUSIONS: Neurocognitive impairment was seen even in patients treated with local non-brain radiotherapy. Treatment with bevacizumab for a long period of time does not seem to worsen neurocognitive function to a greater extent than chemotherapy.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Bevacizumab/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Transtornos Neurocognitivos/diagnóstico , Antineoplásicos Imunológicos/efeitos adversos , Bevacizumab/efeitos adversos , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias/radioterapia , Transtornos Neurocognitivos/etiologia , Testes Neuropsicológicos
2.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 71(6): 523-529, dic. 2019. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1058313

RESUMO

Resumen Introducción: La duodeno pancreatectomía cefálica es una operación compleja cuyos resultados a corto plazo son multifactoriales. Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de la curva de aprendizaje en los resultados a corto plazo de la duodenopancreatectomía cefálica en un hospital de nivel II. Materiales y Método: Se analizaron los datos obtenidos a partir de una base de datos mantenida prospectivamente desde 2005. Se definieron dos periodos de tiempo: de 2005 a 2011 y de 2012 a 2017. Se compararon la morbilidad, mortalidad y estancia postoperatoria de ambos períodos. Resultados: Durante el período de tiempo estudiado se hicieron 126 duodenopancreatectomías cefálicas, 61 durante la primera etapa y 65 durante la segunda. La tasa de transfusión intraoperatoria se redujo de 33% a 15% (p = 0,011). La tasa de transfusión postoperatoria se redujo de 39 a 23% (p = 0,021). No hubo diferencias significativas con respecto a la incidencia global de complicaciones postoperatorias (59% y 52,3%). La incidencia de abscesos intraabdominales fue significativamente menor en el segundo período (18% y 4,6%, respectivamente; p = 0,038). La tasa de reintervenciones se redujo significativamente, de 22% a 9% (p = 0,049). También se redujo significativamente la tasa de mortalidad, de 6,56% a 0% (p = 0,032). La estancia media postoperatoria disminuyó significativamente en el segundo período, pasando de 19,6 a 15,8 días (p = 0,001), con una mayor proporción de pacientes dados de alta en los 8 primeros días de postoperatorio (11,5% y 38,5%, respectivamente; p = 0,001). Conclusión: La curva de aprendizaje es un factor que permite mejorar los resultados de la duodenopancreatectomía cefálica, en un hospital de nivel II, hasta alcanzar valores similares a los de un hospital de nivel III.


Introduction: The duodenum pancreatectomy cephalic is a complex operation whose short-term results are multifactorial. Aim: To assess the impact of the learning curve on the short-term outcomes of cephalic duodenopancreatectomy at a level II hospital. Materials Method: We analyze the data obtained from a database maintained prospectively since 2005. Two time periods were defined: from 2005 to 2011 and from 2012 to 2017. The morbidity, mortality and postoperative stay of both periods were compared. Results: 126 cephalic duodenopancreatectomies were performed, 61 during the first period and 65 during the second. The intraoperative transfusion rate was reduced from 33% to 15% (p = 0.011). The postoperative transfusion rate was reduced from 39 to 23% (p = 0.021). There were no significant differences with respect to the overall incidence of postoperative complications (59% and 52.3%, respectively). However, the incidence of intra-abdominal abscesses was significantly lower in the second period (18% and 4.6%, respectively, p = 0.038). The rate of reoperations was significantly reduced, from 22% to 9% (p = 0.049). The mortality rate was also significantly reduced, from 6.56% to 0% (p = 0.032). The mean postoperative stay decreased significantly in the second period, from 19.6 to 15.8 days (p = 0.001), with a higher proportion of patients discharged in the first 8 postoperative days (11.5% and 38.5%, respectively, p = 0.001). Conclusion: The learning curve is a factor allows improving the results of cephalic pancreaticoduodenectomy, in a level II hospital, until reaching values similar to those of a level III hospital.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/cirurgia , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/complicações , Pancreaticoduodenectomia/efeitos adversos , Curva de Aprendizado , Período Pós-Operatório , Pancreaticoduodenectomia/educação , Pancreaticoduodenectomia/métodos , Pancreaticoduodenectomia/mortalidade
3.
Actas Dermosifiliogr (Engl Ed) ; 110(8): 653-658, 2019 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31151666

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Teledermatology was introduced in Chile to make up for the lack of dermatologists and improve the primary care system's ability to resolve problems. This strategy was implemented in the province of Palena in 2013, but outcomes were not analyzed and reported until now. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive, cross-sectional study with analysis of inter-rater agreement on diagnoses. All the teledermatology consultations made on behalf of patients in Ayacara, Chaitén, Futaleufú, and Palena from 2013 through 2017 were analyzed. Data were extracted from the MINSAL platform. The κ statistic was used to assess diagnostic agreement. RESULTS: A total of 326 teledermatology consultations were made. The mean (SD) age of the patients was 35.8 (22.4) years. The majority (59.8%) were female. Palena generated the largest volume of cases (40.8%). The mean time until a teledermatology diagnosis was given was 12.6 (22.8) days. This response time decreased to 6.4 (5.2) days after a staff dermatologist from Hospital Puerto Montt joined the program (P=.0005). Diagnosis concordance between the general practitioner and the dermatologist was moderate (κ=0.5). Physical examination by the dermatologist at the hospital of reference (Puerto Montt) was necessary for 20.6% of the patients, and time until a definitive diagnosis for the patient took longer in such cases (25.7 [41.2] days) than for the cases that didn't need a physical evaluation at the Hospital of Puerto Montt (P<.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Teledermatology provides a necessary diagnostic and therapeutic resource for general practitioners in isolated locations. Diagnostic agreement is moderate between the generalist and the specialist, similar to agreement in international studies but lower than agreement reported in other Chilean studies. The reduction in diagnostic response time after incorporation of a dermatologist on staff at the hospital of Puerto Montt was significant. The significant difference between the time for diagnosis under teledermatology and the delay when physical examination is required at the hospital of Puerto Montt identifies an aspect of care management to improve.


Assuntos
Dermatologia/métodos , Dermatopatias/diagnóstico , Telemedicina , Adulto , Chile , Estudos Transversais , Dermatologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Medicina Geral , Humanos , Masculino , Variações Dependentes do Observador , Exame Físico/estatística & dados numéricos , Consulta Remota/métodos , Consulta Remota/estatística & dados numéricos , Telemedicina/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores de Tempo
4.
Cali; Universidad Santiago de Cali; sept. de 2018. 232 p. ilus 17 X 24.
Monografia em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1417949

RESUMO

Los entornos o escenarios universitarios son definidos como aquellos luga- res y contextos sociales donde las personas desarrollan actividades diarias y en los cuales interactúan factores ambientales, organizativos y personales que afectan la salud y el bienestar de los que trabajan, y aprenden en ellos. Las Instituciones de Educación Superior no son ajenas al concepto salud y de hecho han venido formando profesionales relacionados con la salud en un entorno de transmisión y producción del conocimiento, pero también de interacción y comunicación, abierto y accesible, que favorece la vida salu- dable, la cultura y el disfrute de sus espacios; sin embargo poco sabemos cómo hacer buen uso de tantos recursos para llegar a ser una universidad promotora de la salud. En particular, la Universidad Santiago de Cali, reúne varias de las carac- terísticas de estos entornos; por un lado, es un centro de trabajo, un centro educativo y además es una institución de especial relevancia en tanto que en ella confluye un gran número de estudiantes, profesores, empleados y directivos que se ven expuestos a los factores determinantes de la salud que este entorno propicia. Muchos de los hábitos de vida que influyen en la salud se inician y se con- solidan en la etapa universitaria, sin embargo los espacios de atención en este entorno se orientan a atender problemas relacionados con la enferme- dad sin lograr estilos de vida saludable ni conductas de autocuidado. Este libro es el resultado de un sinnúmero de discusiones académicas en- tre los grupos de investigación de la Facultad de Salud de la Universidad Santiago de Cali, durante los años 2012-2013, en torno a cómo mejorar la salud de las personas pertenecientes a la comunidad universitaria.


Assuntos
Humanos , Serviços de Saúde para Estudantes , Universidades/organização & administração , Promoção da Saúde , Educação em Saúde , Comunicação Interdisciplinar , Estilo de Vida Saudável
5.
Bol. Asoc. Argent. Odontol. Niños ; 43(1): 28-32, abr.-ago. 2014. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-761840

RESUMO

El síndrome de la apnea obstructiva del sueño (SAOS) es ocasionado por una obstrucción de las vías aéreas superiores, resultado de un desequilibrio entre la fuerza de succión respiratoria y la compensación de los músculos dilatadores faríngeos. El diagnóstico positivo es establecido por el registro polisomnográfico nocturno durante el sueño que define las características y la severidad de esta enfermedad. El objetivo del siguiente artículo es difundir los diversos aspectos clínicos y diagnósticos de una enfermedad recientemente descripta de alta prevalencia y que cruza las fronteras de múltiples especialistas (pediatras, neurólogos, neumólogos, otorrinolaringólogos, psiquiatras, psicólogos, odontoestomatólogos, ortodoncistas), así contribuiremos a su diagnóstico precoz a partir de los niños que roncan, evitando las importantes secuelas del SAOS infantil...


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/diagnóstico , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/patologia , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/terapia , Assistência Odontológica para Crianças/métodos , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente , Anti-Inflamatórios , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/epidemiologia , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/etiologia , Diagnóstico Clínico , Pressão Positiva Contínua nas Vias Aéreas , Manifestações Bucais , Fatores de Risco , Sinais e Sintomas , Tonsilectomia/métodos
7.
Environ Res ; 78(1): 19-24, 1998 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9630441

RESUMO

Arsenic (As) is a common element in the environment with many industrial uses, but it also can be a contaminant in drinking water and present serious health concerns. Earlier studies on the quality of drinking water in the city of Hermosillo, Sonora, México, showed high levels of As (> 0.05 ppm) in water from wells located in the northern part of the city. Additionally a high positive correlation between the levels of Fluoride (F) and As in the same wells was found. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the excretion of As in children, 7-11 years of age, that had been exposed to elevated levels of As in their drinking water. Twenty-four-hour urine samples and a water sample taken directly in the home were collected from school age children living in two different areas with known high levels of As in their drinking water. A control group with normal levels of As in their water was also included. As was determined by an atomic absorption-hydride generator, verified with the use of NBS certified standards (SRM 1643a and SRM 2670). None of the water samples exceeded the limit established for drinking water; however, there was a significant difference between the intake of As and the As in drinking water among the three areas of the study. Average As in water was 0.009 +/- 0.002 and 0.030 +/- 0.011 micrograms/ml between the control and high areas. Intake (in micrograms/day) was 15 +/- 3 and 54 +/- 18. In the group consuming water with high levels of As, 65% of the children exceeded the recommended dose of < 1 micrograms/kg/day (EPA, 1988). Several children in this study also had high levels of As in their urine. Even though As levels in the drinking water are within the norms, it appears that children exposed to high levels of As in their drinking water may have a health risk.


Assuntos
Arsênio/urina , Exposição Ambiental , Poluição Química da Água/efeitos adversos , Abastecimento de Água , Arsênio/farmacocinética , Criança , Monitoramento Ambiental , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México , Medição de Risco
9.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 64(3): 200-4, mayo-jun. 1993. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-131727

RESUMO

Por medio de revisión de historias clínicas se estudian las características de 210 lactantes menores de un año, de procedencia urbana, hospitalizados durante 1989 en el Hospital San Juan de Dios de Santiago, debido a infección respiratoria aguda (IRA) o síndrome diarreico agudo (SDA); se les comparó con un grupo control de 210 niños de la misma edad y procedencia, nunca hospitalizados. La edad materna fue similar en ambos grupos, promedio de 26 años; la proporción de ilegítimos fue mayor en el grupo control (60 por ciento vs 44 por ciento ), y la escolaridad materna inferior entre los hospitalizados. El control y evolución del embarazo, así como la atención profesional del parto y la proporción de distocias no difirieron significativamente. El orden de nacimiento tendió a ser mas alto en los hospitalizados y el peso de nacimiento promedio fue significativamente inferior en ellos: 3040 g vs 3219 g; la proporción de peso bajo al nacer fue superior (12,9 por ciento vs 3,8 por ciento ), así como el porcentaje de prematuros. El antecedente de hospitalización en el periodo neonatal y la ausencia de lactancia natural fueron mas frecuentes entre los casos hospitalizados


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Diarreia Infantil/epidemiologia , Criança Hospitalizada/estatística & dados numéricos , Doenças Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Morbidade , Fatores de Risco
10.
Rev. Soc. Boliv. Pediatr ; 27(1): 311-6, 1988. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-67101

RESUMO

Se presenta la historia clinica de 3 hermanos que pertenecen a una familia campesina cuyo cuadro clinico empeso al ano y medio de edad. Todos tenian cierta posicion fetal, con espasticidad y atrofia musculares, movimientos coreoatetosicos, lesiones de autoagresion y retardo mental. Los examenes clinicos y algunos de laboratorio orientaron al diagnostico de Enfermedad de Lesch-Nyham. Se considera que este trastorno se debe a anomalias enzimaticas como la ausencia de Hipoxantina Guanina Fosforibosil Transferasa y otras no bien identificadas. Por razones comprensibles estos examenes no se practican en nuestro medio por lo que el diagnostico se hace mas por el aspecto clinico y la uricemia elevada.


Assuntos
Criança , Humanos , Síndrome de Lesch-Nyhan , Bolívia , Síndrome de Lesch-Nyhan/tratamento farmacológico
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