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BACKGROUND: The incidence of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is increasing. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the long-term prognosis of PTMC. METHOD: Study population: patients with a histopathological diagnosis of PTMC (size ≤ 1 cm) treated according to the risk of recurrence of the Latin American Thyroid Society. Inclusion criteria: minimum follow-up of 2 years, availability of histopathological samples, and treatment compliance. Exclusion criteria: previous thyroid surgery, other synchronous malignancies or ectopic location of the PTMC. Study variables: persistences, recurrences and mortality. RESULTS: Based on the risk of recurrence, PTMC has very low risk in 65.2% (n = 105), low risk in 17.4% (n = 28) and high risk in 17.4% (n = 28). In high risk patients, total thyroidectomy was performed in all cases, cervical lymphadenectomy in 57,1% (n = 16) and metabolic therapy with I131 in all cases. During a mean follow-up of 119,8 ± 65 months, 0.6% (n = 1) of recurrences took place. Risk factors associated to recurrence were not identified. No patient died due to MCPT. CONCLUSIONS: PTMC treated based on its risk of recurrence has a good long-term prognosis, without persistences, with a low number of recurrences and absence of disease-associated mortality.

ANTECEDENTES: La incidencia del microcarcinoma papilar de tiroides (MCPT) está aumentado. OBJETIVO: Analizar el pronóstico a largo plazo del MCPT. MÉTODO: Población a estudio: pacientes con diagnóstico histopatológico de MCPT (tamaño ≤ 1 cm) tratados según el riesgo de recurrencia de la Sociedad Latinoamericana de Tiroides. Criterios de inclusión: seguimiento mínimo de 2 años, disponibilidad de las muestras histopatológicas y cumplimiento del tratamiento. Criterios de exclusión: cirugía tiroidea previa, otras patologías malignas sincrónicas o localización ectópica del MCPT. Variables a estudio: persistencias, recidivas y mortalidad. RESULTADOS: Según el riesgo de recurrencia, el 65.2% (n = 105) tuvo muy bajo riesgo, el 17.4% (n = 28) bajo riesgo y el 17,4% (n = 28) alto riesgo. En los pacientes de alto riesgo se realizó tiroidectomía total en todos los casos, linfadenectomía cervical en el 57,1% (n = 16) y terapia metabólica con I131 en todos los casos. Durante un seguimiento medio de 119,8 ± 65 meses hubo un 0,6% (n = 1) de recurrencias. No se evidenciaron factores de riesgo asociados a recidiva de la enfermedad. Ningún paciente falleció debido al MCPT. CONCLUSIONES: El MCPT tratado en función del riesgo de recurrencia tiene un buen pronóstico a largo plazo, sin persistencias, con una baja cifra de recurrencias y ausencia de mortalidad debida a la enfermedad.

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INTRODUCTION: Transplants and organ donation are greatly aided by future medical professionals having adequate knowledge of this topic. This study aimed to elucidate the level of Mexican medical students' knowledge in the field of transplants and organ donation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The evaluation instrument was designed and validated. The design used simple sampling with replacement, selecting a random sample of 5 universities from among the institutional members of the Mexican Association of Departments and Schools of Medicine (Asociación Mexicana de Facultades y Escuelas de Medicina [AMFEM]). The sample was composed of 3214 medical students. Measures of central tendency were determined, and the mean scores obtained across the different universities were compared using a Kruskal-Wallis test. The odds ratio was calculated for the students whose school or department included instruction on transplants and donation within their curriculum. Kendall correlation was used for the students' academic grade level and score. All analyses considered a threshold of P < .05. RESULTS: A questionnaire was administered to a sample of 2563 students to evaluate their knowledge of transplants and organ donation. The average score was 4.02 on a scale of 0 to 10 (standard deviation 0.03), with a 95% confidence interval (3.96-4.08). Students whose school or department taught the subject of transplants and donations within their curriculum obtained an odds ratio of 1.44 (P = .0000822). CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that medical students in Mexico do not have sufficient knowledge of transplants and organ donation.

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Objective: To evaluate the knowledge and attitude towards organ donation of medicine students of a Northwestern Mexico public university. Materials and Methods: A prolective, descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional study. A 34 items cross-sectional survey evaluating knowledge and attitude towards organ donation in 3,056 medicine students during 2013-2015. Descriptive statistics were used as absolute frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation, as well as the Chi-square test. A p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: 74% of students would donate their own organs, mainly due to reciprocity (41%). 26% of students would not donate, 48% of them because of fear that their organs could be taken before death. 86% would donate organs from a relative. 64% have spoken about organ donation and transplantation with their family and 67% with friends. 50% said they had received no information about it. 68% understand the concept of brain death. Conclusion: Students received little information about organ donation during college. Despite that, most of them showed a positive attitude and are willing to donate.

Objetivo: Averiguar la actitud y el conocimiento que tienen los estudiantes de medicina de una universidad pública del noreste de México sobre la donación de órganos y tejidos. Material y métodos: Estudio prolectivo, descriptivo, observacional y trans- versal. Se incluyeron 3056 encuestas de 34 reactivos realizadas a estudiantes de medicina durante el periodo 2013-2015 y se eliminaron aquellas con menos del 80% de los reactivos contestados. Análisis estadístico: frecuencias absolutas, porcentajes, medias, desviación estándar y prueba de ji al cuadrado. Se consideró significativo un valor de p < 0.05. Resultados: El 74% de los estudiantes donaría sus órganos y el 41% lo haría por reciprocidad; del 26% que no donaría sus órganos, el 48% no lo haría por temor a que tomen sus órganos antes de estar muerto. Un 86% estaría dispuesto a donar los órganos de algún familiar. El 64% ha comentado el tema de la donación con su familia y el 67% con amigos. El 50% no ha recibido información alguna sobre el tema. El 68% entiende el concepto de muerte encefálica. Conclusión: Pocos estudiantes reciben información sobre donación de órganos al llegar a la universidad; pese a ello, la mayoría tiene una actitud positiva y estarían dispuestos a donar.

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BACKGROUND: Services related to the donation and transplantation process are fundamental for developing solid organ transplantation and procuring organs from deceased donors. This study was conducted to analyze the attitude toward deceased organ donation among hospital personnel working in donation- and transplantation-related services in hospitals in Spain and Latin America. METHODS: Nine hospital centers within the "International Donor Collaborative Project" were selected (Spain, Mexico, Cuba, and Costa Rica). A random employee sample was taken and stratified according to the type of service and job category in transplant-related hospital services. RESULTS: Of the 925 employees surveyed, 78% were in favor of donation. By job category, attitude was more favorable among physicians (89%; p < 0.001). By type of service, attitude was more positive among personnel in transplant patient follow-up units (87%; p = 0.018). By country, the Cubans were most in favor (91%), followed by the Mexicans (81%), the Costa Ricans (77%), and the Spanish (70%; p < 0.001). Other factors were age (p < 0.001), sex (p = 0.005), considering the possibility of needing a transplant (p = 0.002), understanding the concept of brain death (p < 0.001), being in favor of living donation (p < 0.001), having discussed the subject of donation and transplantation within the family and the partner (p < 0.001), carrying out pro-social activities (p = 0.002), and concern about mutilation after donation (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Transplant-related personnel had a favorable attitude toward deceased donation, although it was not as positive as we would expect, especially among non-physicians. This attitude needs to be improved because of the negative effect that can result in organ donation. There were pronounced differences between countries, and the discordance between attitude and actual deceased donation rates in each country is notable.

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