RESUMO
Metodologias participativas, como Photovoice e jornal, podem ser uma boa opção de ensino e aprendizagem, especialmente quando se quer identificar e explorar os conhecimentos prévios das pessoas envolvidas no processo e quando se espera que as interações resultem em mudanças, principalmente pelos ganhos de conhecimentos novos acrescidos aos prévios. Neste trabalho busca-se dar visibilidade à construção coletiva do conhecimento, relatando uma experiência de aplicação dessas duas metodologias participativas que valorizam a troca de conhecimento num processo de interação interpessoal entre os discentes e docentes do curso de pós-graduação em Saúde e Bem-Estar animal do Centro Universitário das Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas (FMU). A análise dos discursos colhidos no Photovoice permitiu o compartilhamento de percepções e significados pessoais que resultaram em reflexões, desconstruções e reconstruções dos saberes a respeito do assunto. A construção do jornal proporcionou aos alunos além da pesquisa cientifica sobre os temas decididos entre eles, a difusão da abordagem no âmbito social pela otimização de habilidades e possibilidade de atuarem de maneira participativa e analítica, integrando o coletivo e o individual. Ambas as atividades foram bem avaliadas pelos alunos que as definiram como instrumentos que permitem a união e a liberdade do grupo para expressar, de uma maneira informal, uma opinião sobre o tema sem perder o foco da importância do assunto.(AU)
Participatory methodologies such as Photovoice and newspaper can be a good choice for teaching and learning, especially when you want to identify and exploit the previous knowledge of the people involved in the process and when interactions are expected to result in changes, especially by the new knowledge gains added to the previous ones. This work aims to give visibility to the collective construction of knowledge, reporting an experience of applying these two participatory methodologies that value the exchange of knowledge in a process of interpersonal interaction between the students and teachers of the postgraduate course in Health and Welfare Animal of the University Center of the Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas (FMU). The analysis of the speeches collected in Photovoice allowed the sharing of personal perceptions and meanings that resulted in reflections, deconstructions and reconstructions of the knowledge about the subject. The newspaper construction provided the students a scientific research on the themes decided upon among them, the diffusion of the approach in the social scope by the optimization of abilities and the possibility of acting in a participatory and analytical way, integrating the collective and the individual. Both activities were well evaluated by the students who defined them as instruments that allow the union and freedom of the group to informally express an opinion on the theme without losing the focus of the importance of the subject.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Educação de Pós-Graduação/métodos , Materiais de EnsinoRESUMO
Metodologias participativas, como Photovoice e jornal, podem ser uma boa opção de ensino e aprendizagem, especialmente quando se quer identificar e explorar os conhecimentos prévios das pessoas envolvidas no processo e quando se espera que as interações resultem em mudanças, principalmente pelos ganhos de conhecimentos novos acrescidos aos prévios. Neste trabalho busca-se dar visibilidade à construção coletiva do conhecimento, relatando uma experiência de aplicação dessas duas metodologias participativas que valorizam a troca de conhecimento num processo de interação interpessoal entre os discentes e docentes do curso de pós-graduação em Saúde e Bem-Estar animal do Centro Universitário das Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas (FMU). A análise dos discursos colhidos no Photovoice permitiu o compartilhamento de percepções e significados pessoais que resultaram em reflexões, desconstruções e reconstruções dos saberes a respeito do assunto. A construção do jornal proporcionou aos alunos além da pesquisa cientifica sobre os temas decididos entre eles, a difusão da abordagem no âmbito social pela otimização de habilidades e possibilidade de atuarem de maneira participativa e analítica, integrando o coletivo e o individual. Ambas as atividades foram bem avaliadas pelos alunos que as definiram como instrumentos que permitem a união e a liberdade do grupo para expressar, de uma maneira informal, uma opinião sobre o tema sem perder o foco da importância do assunto.
Participatory methodologies such as Photovoice and newspaper can be a good choice for teaching and learning, especially when you want to identify and exploit the previous knowledge of the people involved in the process and when interactions are expected to result in changes, especially by the new knowledge gains added to the previous ones. This work aims to give visibility to the collective construction of knowledge, reporting an experience of applying these two participatory methodologies that value the exchange of knowledge in a process of interpersonal interaction between the students and teachers of the postgraduate course in Health and Welfare Animal of the University Center of the Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas (FMU). The analysis of the speeches collected in Photovoice allowed the sharing of personal perceptions and meanings that resulted in reflections, deconstructions and reconstructions of the knowledge about the subject. The newspaper construction provided the students a scientific research on the themes decided upon among them, the diffusion of the approach in the social scope by the optimization of abilities and the possibility of acting in a participatory and analytical way, integrating the collective and the individual. Both activities were well evaluated by the students who defined them as instruments that allow the union and freedom of the group to informally express an opinion on the theme without losing the focus of the importance of the subject.
Assuntos
Humanos , Educação de Pós-Graduação/métodos , Materiais de EnsinoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Listeria species are susceptible to most antibiotics. However, over the last decade, increasing reports of multidrug-resistant Listeria spp. from various sources have prompted public health concerns. The objective of this study was to characterize the antibiotic susceptibility of Listeria spp. and the genetic mechanisms that confer resistance. METHODOLOGY: Forty-six Listeria spp. isolates were studied, and their minimal inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics were determined by microdilution using Sensititre standard susceptibility MIC plates. The isolates were screened for the presence of gyrA, parC, lde, lsa(A), lnu(A), and mprF by PCR, and the amplified genes were sequenced. RESULTS: All isolates were susceptible to penicillin, ampicillin, tetracycline, erythromycin, and carbapenems. Resistance to clindamycin, daptomycin, and oxacillin was found among L. monocytogenes and L. innocua, and all species possessed at least intermediate resistance to fluoroquinolones. GyrA, parC, and mprF were detected in all isolates; however, mutations were found only in gyrA sequences. A high daptomycin MIC, as reported previously, was observed, suggesting an intrinsic resistance of Listeria spp. to daptomycin. CONCLUSIONS: These results are consistent with reports of emerging resistance in Listeria spp. and emphasize the need for further genotypic characterization of antibiotic resistance in this genus.