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Ulcerative colitis (US) is a chronic disease of unknown etiology. It is incurable and its clinical course is intermittent, characterized by periods of remission and relapse. The prevalence and incidence of the disease has been increasing worldwide. The update presented herein includes the participation of healthcare professionals, decision-makers, and a representative of the patients, all of whom declared their conflicts of interest. Answerable clinical questions were formulated, and the outcomes were graded. The information search was conducted on the Medline/PubMed, Embase, Epistemonikos, and LILACS databases, and covered grey literature sources, as well. The search was updated on November 30, 2020, with no restrictions regarding date or language. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) classification system was implemented to establish the strength of the recommendation and quality of evidence. A formal consensus was developed, based on the RAND/UCLA methodology and the document was peer reviewed. The short version of the Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in the Adult Population is presented herein, together with the supporting evidence and respective recommendations. In mild-to-moderate UC, budesonide MMX is an option when treatment with 5-ASA fails, and before using systemic steroids. In moderate-to-severe UC, infliximab, adalimumab, vedolizumab, ustekinumab, and tofacitinib can be used as first-line therapy. If there is anti-TNF therapy failure, ustekinumab and tofacitinib provide the best results. In patients with antibiotic-refractory pouchitis, anti-TNFs are the treatment of choice.

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The purpose of this study was to analyze the prognostic and predictive factors that relate to locoregional or distant recurrences in breast cancer patients who have been treated at the National Cancer Institute of Mexico. Multivariate, time-dependent Cox regression analyses indicate that the pN status (positive versus negative lymph node; P = 0.003; HR (hazard ratio), 3.47; CI (confidence interval), 1.52-7.91) and the pathological complete response of the patient to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (yes versus no; P = 0.061; HR, 0.38; CI, 0.14-1.04) were important prognostic factors for recurrence.

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Hepatocyte growth factor-scatter factor (HGF-SF) is a pleiotropic protein implicated in tumor formation and metastasis. Since increased levels of HGF-SF were first identified in breast cancer tissue or patient serum, some evidence has suggested that tumor or serum HGF-SF concentration could be one of the most accurate prognostic factors for this disease. However, other recent investigations have not been able to corroborate this finding. The study aims to establish the prognostic significance of HGF-SF in Mexican breast cancer women. Surgical specimens were obtained from 67 incident breast cancer patients at the Mexican National Cancer Institute between 1994 and 1995. Primary breast cancer tissue HGF-SF was measured by quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay. Relapse-free and overall survival curves were generated using Kaplan-Meier method. Significance of survival differences was calculated by log-rank test. chi2 was used for the association analysis between prognostic variables. Disease-free survival and overall survival were similar between the high tumor HGF group of patients and the low HGF patients (p = 0.7 and p = 0.36 respectively). No association was found between HGF and other clinicopathological variables (age, menopause status, clinical tumor size, clinical node involvement, metastasis, tumor grade, Estrogen Receptor and Progesterone Receptor). We found no prognostic significance for HGF, nor did we find a clear association between HGF and other known prognostic factors. A firm conclusion cannot be established regarding the role of HGF as a prognostic tool in breast cancer patients.

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Several efforts have been attempted to study species formation by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) in systems with several chemical equilibria present. The majority of these are qualitative and only a few have tried to relate component fractions of a distribution diagram with experimental area fractions determined from NMR spectra to obtain equilibrium constants values. In this work we present a new focus that attempts to relate the species concentration fractions in the system with area fractions beneath NMR peaks to achieve this task. 11B-NMR data of B(III)-H2O systems have been processed with the aid of formation constant values (-log *beta) obtained by potentiometry which are 9.17+/-0.01 for B(OH)3, 9.79+/-0.08 for B2O(OH)5-, 19.90+/-0.09 for B3O3(OH)4- and 38.50+/-0.04 for B5O6(OH)4-, form B(III)-H2O systems with 0.075 M< or = [B(III)]total< or = 0.700 M, in agreement with previous reports and NMR behavior. The treatment of NMR data developed in this work gives a new methodology to obtain formation constants and suggests the possibility to establish a generalization of Beer's law to NMR spectroscopy.

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Predominance zone diagrams have been useful tools in solving problems in analytical chemistry. They can be used to establish the best conditions for separation of mixtures or to optimize recovery procedures for a given species. The few reports on predominance zone diagrams for the participant species in liquid-liquid extraction systems, describe their construction as diagrams of the Pourbaix type (epsilon/pH). With the generalized species and equilibria method (GSEM) it is possible to elaborate Predominance zone diagrams for extraction (PZDE) in proper spaces and with parameters strictly related to these processes such as pH and the volume ratio, r. Therefore, using the GSEM, PZDE that allow us to determine the best conditions for the extraction of a given substance have been elaborated. The stoichiometry of the species been extracted can also be determined from the experimental conditions. It has been demonstrated that with the GSEM, PZDE can be constructed for systems of one and two components. In this work, we intend to demonstrate that the algorithm is valid for the elaboration of PZDE in systems of three and four components. Examples of analytical interest are presented such as lead (II) extraction with diphenyltiocarbazone (dithizone) and that for cadmium (II) with 8-hydroxyquinolein (oxine) in chloroform. The influence of a masking agent, the etilendiaminotetraacetic acid (EDTA) over the extraction of both metals was also assessed.

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Formation constants for recrystallized thymol blue were determined in water, using the SQUAD and SUPERQUAD programs. The best model correlating spectrophotometric, potentiometric and conductimetric data was fitted with the dissociation of HL(-)=L(2-)+H(+)-log K=8.918+/-0.070 and H(3)L(2)(-)=2L(2-)+3H(+)-log K=29.806+/-0.133 with the SUPERQUAD program at variable low ionic strength (1.5x10(-4)-3.0x10(-4) M); and HL=L(2-)+H(+)-log K=8.9+/-0.000, H(3)L(2)(-) =2L(2-)+3H(+)-log K=30.730+/-0.032, H(4)L(2)=2L(2-)+4H(+)-log K=32.106+/-0.033 with SQUAD at 1.1 M ionic strength.

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