RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Routine manual cleaning and disinfection of the health care environment is often suboptimal. Residual contamination poses an infection risk, particularly for immunocompromised patients. This study evaluates the efficacy of dry hydrogen peroxide (DHP) on microbial surface contamination in a pediatric oncology intensive care unit. METHODS: Surface samples from 5 high-touch and 2 low-touch surfaces were obtained for culture and adenosine triphosphate readings after manual cleaning on multiple days in 4 intensive care unit rooms, before and after DHP was deployed. Air samples were collected as well at the study site. Data outcomes were measured in terms of total colony-forming units for the cultures and relative light units for adenosine triphosphate. RESULTS: The overall mean surface microbial burden was significantly reduced in the intervention group compared to the control group (mean 5.50 vs 11.77, P<.001). These reductions in colony-forming units were seen across all sampling sites in the intervention group. A reduction in the mean relative light units levels was also noted in the intervention group when compared to the control group (172.08 vs 225.83, P <.006). Reductions with the air samples were also noted (Pâ¯=â¯.139). CONCLUSIONS: Study demonstrates that DHP was effective in reducing microbial surface contamination and improves quality of environmental cleaning.
Assuntos
Infecção Hospitalar , Neoplasias , Criança , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , Desinfecção , Humanos , Peróxido de Hidrogênio , Unidades de Terapia IntensivaRESUMO
Phylogeographic studies of continent-wide distributed species are key to understand population dynamics processes that occurred at large geographical scales. Here, we examined two mitochondrial (mt) DNA sequence (COI, Cyt b) and eight nuclear microsatellites markers to investigate the cohesiveness, genetic diversity and demographic history of Neoponera villosa (Fabricius), a ponerine ant species widely distributed along most part of the Neotropics and southern Nearctic. The reconstructed phylogeny and mt variation supported the cohesiveness of the examined populations of N. villosa. The species probably originated in South America during the late Pliocene/middle Pleistocene and subsequently dispersed to Central America and the Transitional Nearctic-Neotropical zone during the late Pleistocene, with an increase in its population size ca. 30 thousand years ago. The limited phylogeographic structure observed in N. villosa supports its late Pleistocene range expansion and gene flow among distant geographic areas in central and southern Mexico and Central America.