RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to describe the MDCT findings of anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (APVD) in a pediatric population using a 256-MDCT dual-source scanner with a high-pitch protocol. CONCLUSION: MDCT is a fast and noninvasive technique that allows detailed and comprehensive visualization of APVD characteristics in a pediatric population. High-pitch acquisitions with scanners using a high volume of coverage permit low radiation doses and are an accurate modality for assessing these patients.
Assuntos
Veias Pulmonares/anormalidades , Veias Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Adolescente , Técnicas de Imagem de Sincronização Cardíaca/métodos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Meios de Contraste , Feminino , Cardiopatias Congênitas/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Lactente , Iohexol/análogos & derivados , Masculino , Doses de Radiação , Interpretação de Imagem Radiográfica Assistida por Computador , Estatísticas não ParamétricasRESUMO
One of the most basic functions in every individual and species is memory. Memory is the process by which information is saved as knowledge and retained for further use as needed. Learning is a neurobiological phenomenon by which we acquire certain information from the outside world and is a precursor to memory. Memory consists of the capacity to encode, store, consolidate, and retrieve information. Recently, memory has been defined as a network of connections whose function is primarily to facilitate the long-lasting persistence of learned environmental cues. In this review, we present a brief description of the current classifications of memory networks with a focus on episodic memory and its anatomical substrate. We also present a brief review of the anatomical basis of memory systems and the most commonly used neuroimaging methods to assess memory, illustrated with magnetic resonance imaging images depicting the hippocampus, temporal lobe, and hippocampal formation, which are the main brain structures participating in memory networks.
Assuntos
Mapeamento Encefálico , Encéfalo/anatomia & histologia , Encéfalo/fisiologia , Memória Episódica , Semântica , Humanos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Fibras Nervosas Mielinizadas/fisiologiaRESUMO
We report the MDCT findings of a 17-month-old girl with Cantrell's pentalogy, a rare congenital disease characterized by several defects in the ventral thoracoabdominal wall including ectopia cordis, and, in this patient, associated with tetralogy of Fallot. This case provides an example of the utility of a wide volume in coverage and high-pitch MDCT scan in the evaluation of complex cardiovascular anatomy in infants with congenital heart disease without the need of an ECG-gating acquisition.