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BACKGROUND: Fistulizing perianal Crohn's disease poses a treatment challenge, and researchers postulate that this phenotype in young male patients could have a worst outcome. OBJECTIVE: Thus, the aim of this study was to assess whether sex influences the response to treatment for these patients. METHODS: This systematic review (PROSPERO CRD42022319629) was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol. We selected articles published in English, Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian between 2010 and 2020 in the PubMed and Science Direct databases. According to the PICO acronym, prospective studies in patients older than 18 years with the objective of treating fistulizing perianal Crohn's disease were selected. Studies in pediatric populations, retrospective, without treatment objectives, and that included only rectovaginal fistulas or a single sex were excluded. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool and Newcastle-Ottawa scale. RESULTS: Of the 1887 articles found, 33 were included. Most studies used anti-TNF drugs as treatment (n=11). Ten studies had subgroup analyses; of them, the two studies reporting sex differences used infliximab and adalimumab as treatment and showed that women had a longer fistula closure time than men. CONCLUSION: This systematic review showed that few data corroborate the difference between sexes in the treatment of fistulizing perianal Crohn's disease, possibly having a greater relationship with the phenotype. However, considering the lack of results, further studies with this objective and with standardization of fistulas and response assessment methods are needed.
Assuntos
Doença de Crohn , Fístula Retal , Criança , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Doença de Crohn/complicações , Doença de Crohn/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudos Prospectivos , Inibidores do Fator de Necrose Tumoral/uso terapêutico , Fístula Retal/etiologia , Fístula Retal/terapia , Resultado do Tratamento , Infliximab/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
ABSTRACT Background: Fistulizing perianal Crohn's disease poses a treatment challenge, and researchers postulate that this phenotype in young male patients could have a worst outcome. Objective: Thus, the aim of this study was to assess whether sex influences the response to treatment for these patients. Methods: This systematic review (PROSPERO CRD42022319629) was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol. We selected articles published in English, Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian between 2010 and 2020 in the PubMed and Science Direct databases. According to the PICO acronym, prospective studies in patients older than 18 years with the objective of treating fistulizing perianal Crohn's disease were selected. Studies in pediatric populations, retrospective, without treatment objectives, and that included only rectovaginal fistulas or a single sex were excluded. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool and Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results: Of the 1887 articles found, 33 were included. Most studies used anti-TNF drugs as treatment (n=11). Ten studies had subgroup analyses; of them, the two studies reporting sex differences used infliximab and adalimumab as treatment and showed that women had a longer fistula closure time than men. Conclusion: This systematic review showed that few data corroborate the difference between sexes in the treatment of fistulizing perianal Crohn's disease, possibly having a greater relationship with the phenotype. However, considering the lack of results, further studies with this objective and with standardization of fistulas and response assessment methods are needed.
RESUMO Contexto: A doença de Crohn perianal fistulizante representa um desafio de tratamento, e postula-se que esse fenótipo em pacientes jovens do sexo masculino poderia ter um pior resultado. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se o sexo influencia a resposta ao tratamento desses pacientes. Métodos: Esta revisão sistemática (PROSPERO CRD42022319629) foi conduzida de acordo com o protocolo Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Foram selecionados artigos publicados em inglês, espanhol, português e italiano entre 2010 e 2020 nas bases de dados PubMed e Science Direct. De acordo com o acrônimo PICO, foram selecionados estudos prospectivos em pacientes maiores de 18 anos com objetivo de tratamento da doença de Crohn perianal fistulizante. Foram excluídos estudos em populações pediátricas, retrospectivos, sem objetivos de tratamento e que incluíssem apenas fístulas retovaginais ou um único sexo. A qualidade dos estudos foi avaliada usando a ferramenta de risco de viés Cochrane e a escala Newcastle-Ottawa. Resultados: Dos 1.887 artigos encontrados, 33 foram incluídos. A maioria dos estudos utilizou medicamentos anti-TNF como tratamento (n=11). Dez estudos tiveram análises de subgrupos; deles, os dois estudos que relataram diferenças entre os sexos usaram infliximabe e adalimumabe como tratamento e mostraram que as mulheres tiveram um tempo de fechamento da fístula maior que os homens. Conclusão: Esta revisão sistemática mostrou que poucos dados corroboram a diferença entre os sexos no tratamento da doença de Crohn perianal fistulizante, possivelmente tendo maior relação com o fenótipo. Porém, dada à falta de resultados, são necessários mais estudos com esse objetivo e com padronização das fístulas e métodos de avaliação da resposta.
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OBJECTIVE: Inflammatory bowel diseases may have extra intestinal manifestations such as those affecting the skin. This study aimed to study skin manifestations in a cohort of Brazilian patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. METHODS: Epidemiological and clinical data were obtained through a cross-sectional study of 70 inflammatory bowel diseases patients and a control group comprising 50 healthy individuals. All patients were subjected to dermatological examination and photography of skin lesions. RESULTS: Out of the 70 inflammatory bowel diseases patients, 50 had ulcerative colitis and 20 had Crohn's disease. Skin lesions occurred in 95.7% of the inflammatory bowel diseases patients and in 88% of individuals in the control group (p=0.001). Alopecia (p<0.0001), xerosis (p=0.03), striae (p=0.02), and acne (p=0.04) were more common in inflammatory bowel diseases patients than in the control group. Alopecia was more frequent in females (p=0.01) than in males. Two male patients, one with ulcerative colitis and the other with Crohn's disease, had pyoderma gangrenosum. Erythema nodosum was not observed in both groups. CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of skin lesions in the Brazilian inflammatory bowel diseases patients. Additionally, alopecia, xerosis, striae, and acne were more common in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases than in those in the control group.
Assuntos
Acne Vulgar , Colite Ulcerativa , Doença de Crohn , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais , Dermatopatias , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Colite Ulcerativa/complicações , Colite Ulcerativa/epidemiologia , Doença de Crohn/complicações , Doença de Crohn/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/complicações , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/epidemiologia , Dermatopatias/epidemiologia , Alopecia , Acne Vulgar/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Rationale: the use of anti-TNFα therapy, such as Infliximab (IFX), in patients with Chron's disease (CD) can lead to changes in body composition. Objective: to evaluate the body composition and functional capacity of patients with CD. Method: Cross-sectional study with patients with CD in clinical remission using IFX. For anthropometric evaluation, it was measured: weight, height and waist circumference; functional capacity by the hand grip strength test and body composition by bioelectric impedance. After that, the fat-free mass index and body fat index were calculated. Continouns variables were analyzed by Pearson or Spearman coefficient. For the multiple linear regression model, the time of use of IFX was used as a dependent variable and waist circumference, fat-free mass index, phase angle and handgrip strength were used as independent variables. Results: forty-three patients were evaluated, with an average of 43.1± 13.5 years of age. Of the total, 44.2% were overweight and 44.2% had increased waist circumference, 58.1% were classified with high to very high fat-free mass, 30.2% were below the adequacy parameter for fat-free mass index and 11.6% had reduced functional capacity. Conclusion: overweight, as well as increased waist circumference and body fat, is common in CD patients in clinical remission using Infliximab. Most patients had preserved functional capacity, however there wasn't association with time of use of IFX.
Introdução: o uso de terapia anti-TNFα, como o Infliximabe (IFX), em pacientes com doença de Chron (DC) pode levar a alterações na composição corporal. Objetivo: avaliar a composição corporal e capacidade funcional de pacientes com DC. Metodologia: estudo transversal com pacientes com DC em remissão clínica, em uso de IFX. Foi realizada avaliação antropométrica (peso, estatura e circunferência da cintura); avaliação de capacidade funcional (teste de força de pressão manual); e avaliação de composição corporal (impedância bioelétrica) com cálculo do índice de massa livre de gordura e índice de gordura corporal. Variáveis contínuas foram analisadas pelo coeficiente de correlação de Pearson ou Spearman. Para o modelo de regressão linear múltipla, o tempo de uso do IFX foi utilizado como variável dependente e circunferência da cintura, índice de massa magra, ângulo de fase e força de preensão manual foram utilizados como variáveis independentes. Resultados: foram avaliados 43 pacientes, com média de idade de 43,1± 13,5 anos. 44,2% estavam acima do peso e 44,2% possuíam circunferência da cintura aumentada, 58,1% foram classificados com índice de gordura corporal de alto a muito alto, 30,2% estavam abaixo do parâmetro de adequação para o índice de massa livre de gordura e 11,6% apresentaram capacidade funcional reduzida. Conclusão: o excesso de peso e o aumento de circunferência da cintura e gordura corporal é frequente em pacientes com DC em remissão clínica e em uso de IFX. A maioria dos pacientes apresentou capacidade funcional preservada, porém não houve associação com o tempo de uso do IFX.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Composição Corporal , Doença de Crohn , Força Muscular , Infliximab , Antropometria , Estudos TransversaisRESUMO
ABSTRACT Purpose: This study measured fecal calprotectin levels in a series of patients with anterior uveitis in order to determine whether anterior uveitis patients with associated spondyloarthritis have higher levels of fecal calprotectin than patients with anterior uveitis of other etiologies. A third group of patients with spondyloarthritis without uveitis was also evaluated to understand the role of acute anterior uveitis in increasing fecal calprotectin. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 28 patients were divided into three groups: (a) Group 1, spondyloarthritis and uveitis (n=9); (b) Group 2, spondyloarthritis without uveitis (n=10); and (c) Group 3, uveitis without spondyloarthritis (n=9). The levels of fecal calprotectin were determined. Results: Groups 1 and 2 showed higher median fecal calprotectin levels (101.0 and 93.0 µg/g, respectively) compared with Group 3 (9.0 µg/g) (p=0.02). However, no relationship between fecal calprotectin levels and the presence of uveitis with spondyloarthritis could be demonstrated. Conclusion: Patients with spondyloarthritis with or without acute anterior uveitis have significantly elevated levels of fecal calprotectin. This test may be useful for differentiating spondyloarthrit-associated uveitis from uveitis of other etiologies.
RESUMO Objetivo: Este estudo avaliou os níveis de calprotectina fecal em uma série de pacientes com uveíte anterior na tentativa de determinar se pacientes com uveíte associada com espondiloartrites apresentam níveis mais elevados desta proteína do que pacientes com uveíte anterior de outras etiologias. Um terceiro grupo com espondiloartrites sem uveíte também foi incluído na avaliação para entendimento do papel da uveíte anterior no aumento da calprotectina fecal. Métodos: Estudo transversal de 28 pacientes divididos em três grupos: (a) com espondiloartrites e uveíte (n=9); (b) com espondiloartrites sem uveíte (n=10) e (c) com uveíte sem espondiloartrites (n=9). A dosagem de calprotectina fecal foi avaliada. Resultados: Pacientes com uveíte anterior associada a espondiloartrites apresentaram valores medianos maiores de calprotectina fecal (101 µg/g) que os valores dos pacientes com uveíte sem espondiloartrites (9 µg/g), pacientes com espondiloartrites sem uveíte que também demonstraram valores maiores (93.0 µg/g) que os dos pacientes com uveíte sem espondiloartrites (p=0,02). Conclusão: Pacientes com espondiloartrites com e sem uveíte anterior aguda demonstraram níveis significativamente elevados de calprotectina fecal. Este teste pode ser útil na diferenciação entre uveítes associadas com espondiloartrites de uveítes de outras etiologias. Entretanto, não foi possível demonstrar associação entre o aumento dos níveis de calprotectina fecal e a presença da uveíte em espondiloartrites.
Assuntos
Humanos , Uveíte Anterior , Complexo Antígeno L1 Leucocitário , Uveíte Anterior/diagnóstico , Estudos TransversaisRESUMO
PURPOSE: This study measured fecal calprotectin levels in a series of patients with anterior uveitis in order to determine whether anterior uveitis patients with associated spondyloarthritis have higher levels of fecal calprotectin than patients with anterior uveitis of other etiologies. A third group of patients with spondyloarthritis without uveitis was also evaluated to understand the role of acute anterior uveitis in increasing fecal calprotectin. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 28 patients were divided into three groups: (a) Group 1, spondyloarthritis and uveitis (n=9); (b) Group 2, spondyloarthritis without uveitis (n=10); and (c) Group 3, uveitis without spondyloarthritis (n=9). The levels of fecal calprotectin were determined. RESULTS: Groups 1 and 2 showed higher median fecal calprotectin levels (101.0 and 93.0 µg/g, respectively) compared with Group 3 (9.0 µg/g) (p=0.02). However, no relationship between fecal calprotectin levels and the presence of uveitis with spondyloarthritis could be demonstrated. CONCLUSION: Patients with spondyloarthritis with or without acute anterior uveitis have significantly elevated levels of fecal calprotectin. This test may be useful for differentiating spondyloarthrit-associated uveitis from uveitis of other etiologies.
Assuntos
Complexo Antígeno L1 Leucocitário , Uveíte Anterior , Humanos , Estudos Transversais , Uveíte Anterior/diagnósticoRESUMO
SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Inflammatory bowel diseases may have extra intestinal manifestations such as those affecting the skin. This study aimed to study skin manifestations in a cohort of Brazilian patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. METHODS: Epidemiological and clinical data were obtained through a cross-sectional study of 70 inflammatory bowel diseases patients and a control group comprising 50 healthy individuals. All patients were subjected to dermatological examination and photography of skin lesions. RESULTS: Out of the 70 inflammatory bowel diseases patients, 50 had ulcerative colitis and 20 had Crohn's disease. Skin lesions occurred in 95.7% of the inflammatory bowel diseases patients and in 88% of individuals in the control group (p=0.001). Alopecia (p<0.0001), xerosis (p=0.03), striae (p=0.02), and acne (p=0.04) were more common in inflammatory bowel diseases patients than in the control group. Alopecia was more frequent in females (p=0.01) than in males. Two male patients, one with ulcerative colitis and the other with Crohn's disease, had pyoderma gangrenosum. Erythema nodosum was not observed in both groups. CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of skin lesions in the Brazilian inflammatory bowel diseases patients. Additionally, alopecia, xerosis, striae, and acne were more common in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases than in those in the control group.
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BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) varies between different regions of Brazil. This cross-sectional study examined the epidemiological characteristics of IBD in the Southern Brazilian state of Paraná. METHODS: We included patients with IBD (n=6.748) selected across 11,468,818 population of Paraná. All patients had a known diagnosis of either Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) and had started treatment through the Government Program of the Brazilian Unified Health System (2010-2019). The primary outcomes were changes in the incidence and prevalence rates of IBD. RESULTS: The study population consisted of 4.931 (73.1%) patients with UC and 1.817 (26.9%) patients with CD. In participants aged 11-30 years, CD was more common, while in participants aged 40-80 years, UC predominated. UC was more common in female compared to male patients, with a similar incidence between the sexes evident for CD. In 2010, the incidence of IBD was 2.00/100,00 population; this increased to 13.77/100,000 population by 2019. The highest concentration of IBD patients was found in the eastern macro-region of Paraná, which includes the 2nd Health Regional of Curitiba, where the capital of the state is located. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to describe the epidemiological characteristics of IBD in the state of Paraná and showed an increase in its incidence and prevalence. We also identified that IBD was concentrated in the eastern macro-region of this Brazilian state.
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Colite Ulcerativa , Doença de Crohn , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Colite Ulcerativa/epidemiologia , Doença de Crohn/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/epidemiologia , Masculino , PrevalênciaRESUMO
ABSTRACT Background: The epidemiology of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) varies between different regions of Brazil. This cross-sectional study examined the epidemiological characteristics of IBD in the Southern Brazilian state of Paraná. Methods: We included patients with IBD (n=6.748) selected across 11,468,818 population of Paraná. All patients had a known diagnosis of either Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) and had started treatment through the Government Program of the Brazilian Unified Health System (2010-2019). The primary outcomes were changes in the incidence and prevalence rates of IBD. Results: The study population consisted of 4.931 (73.1%) patients with UC and 1.817 (26.9%) patients with CD. In participants aged 11-30 years, CD was more common, while in participants aged 40-80 years, UC predominated. UC was more common in female compared to male patients, with a similar incidence between the sexes evident for CD. In 2010, the incidence of IBD was 2.00/100,00 population; this increased to 13.77/100,000 population by 2019. The highest concentration of IBD patients was found in the eastern macro-region of Paraná, which includes the 2nd Health Regional of Curitiba, where the capital of the state is located. Conclusion: This is the first study to describe the epidemiological characteristics of IBD in the state of Paraná and showed an increase in its incidence and prevalence. We also identified that IBD was concentrated in the eastern macro-region of this Brazilian state.
RESUMO Contexto: A epidemiologia das doenças inflamatórias intestinais (DII) varia em diferentes regiões do Brasil. Este estudo transversal avaliou as características epidemiológicas da DII no estado do Paraná no sul do Brasil. Métodos: Foram incluídos pacientes com DII (n=6,748) selecionados de 11.468.818 habitantes no estado do Paraná. Todos os pacientes eram portadores de doença de Crohn (DC) ou retocolite ulcerativa (RCU) e iniciaram seu tratamento por meio do Sistema Público de Dispensação de Medicamentos da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Paraná (2010-2019). Os desfechos primários foram as alterações na incidência e prevalência de DII. Resultados: A população de estudo foi constituída de 4.931 pacientes (73,1%) portadores de RCU e 1.817 (26,9%) de DC. Nos pacientes com 11 a 30 anos a DC foi mais comum, enquanto naqueles com 40-80 anos a RCU predominou. Retocolite ulcerativa foi mais frequente no sexo feminino, com frequência semelhante entre os sexos para DC. A incidência de DII passou de 2,00/100.000 habitantes em 2010 para 13,77/100.000 habitantes em 2019. A maior incidência da DII foi observada na macrorregional leste, que inclui a 2ª Regional Curitiba, onde a capital do estado está localizada. Conclusão: Este é o primeiro estudo com a descrição das características epidemiológicas do Paraná e mostrou aumento na incidência e prevalência da DII no estado. Foi também identificada maior concentração da DII na macrorregional leste deste estado brasileiro.
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BACKGROUND: A healthy diet is recommended for patients with Crohn's disease (CD) in remission. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diet quality of patients with CD. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with patients with CD and clinical remission using the biological agent infliximab. The diet quality was assessed using the Diet Quality Index-Revised (DQI-R). DQI-R was calculated based on 24-hour dietary recalls (24HR), being classified as "inadequate diet" (≤40 points), "diet requiring modifications" (41 to 64 points) and "healthy diet" (≥65 points). Weight, height and waist circumference (WC) of patients were assessed. For comparison between groups, Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney was used. For correlation between continuous variables, Pearson or Spearman coefficient was used. Values of P<0.05 indicated statistical significance. RESULTS: A total of 43 patients participated in the study. The final DQI-R score was 49.1 points - "diet requiring modifications". No patient received the classification of "healthy diet" (maximum score =59.7), 55.8% presented "diet requiring modifications" and 44.2% "inadequate diet". When comparing the "inadequate diet" and "diet requiring modifications" groups, a lower mean age was observed in the "inadequate diet" group (37.6±14.8 versus 47.4±10.5 y, P=0.02). It was found that 44.2% of the patients were overweight (body mass index [BMI] ≥25 kg/m²) and had increased WC (women: WC ≥80 cm and men: WC ≥94 cm). A positive correlation was found between the final DQI-R score and BMI (P=0.046; r=0.346). CONCLUSION: Patients with CD in clinical remission using infliximab are not adopting a diet considered healthy, which points to the need for an individualized nutritional approach.