RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is a public health problem worldwide and is a priority for developing countries like ours, to establish preventive and early detection measures. In Mexico since 2006 breast cancer than cervical cancer as a cause of death in women aged 30-54 years and threatens all socioeconomic groups. The known risk factors for the occurrence of this neoplasm are early menarche, nulliparity, late age parity and late menopause and family history of breast cancer. OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk factors associated with breast cancer in women in the State of Durango. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Epidemiological study of 50 cases and 100 con- trols aged between 35 and 69 years old. For the calculation of sample size Schlesselman tables were used. The data was collected and analyzed in SPSS V15. We used descriptive statistics and odds ratio was calculated. RESULTS: Age had a mean of 50.60 years and a deviation ±9,599 for cases and 50.73 (SD ± 10.08) for controls. The hereditary familial history of breast cancer OR = 5.182 (Cl 1694-15855), higher age at first pregnancy at 30 years of age OR = 3.582 (95% CI .1.121-11.439). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that reproductive and hereditary familial history may influence the development of breast cancer, which is a multifactorial disease.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/epidemiologia , Saúde da Família , Adulto , Idoso , Neoplasias da Mama/etiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Humanos , Idade Materna , México/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gravidez , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In the last few decades we have witnessed an interesting transformation of the population pyramids throughout the world. As the population's life expectancy increases, there are more chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and dementias, and both of them have shown an association. GENERAL OBJETIVE: To determine the association between Alzheimer's disease in diabetic patients and the insulin degrading enzyme in outpatients of a second level Hospital in Monterrey, Mexico. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a case control study in which we included outpatients from the Geriatrics Clinic of a Hospital in Northeastern Mexico. Cases were patients with a Mini Mental Score Exam (MMSE) below 24 and DSM-IV criteria for Dementia. Controls were patients who had MMSE scores greater than 24. RESULTS: Data from 97 patients were analyzed. Regarding physical examination and the results of laboratory tests, there were no differences between the two groups (p>0.05). A 98% prevalence of the insulin degrading enzyme was documented in the sample studied. We found an association between a homozygous status for the CC genotype and Dementia with an estimated Odds Ratio (OR) of 2.5 (CI 95% 1.6-3.3) on the bivariate test, while, on the multivariate analysis, the OR was estimated 3.3 (CI 95% 1.3-8.2). CONCLUSIONS: Evidence shows that cognitive impairment is more frequent among those exposed to the C allele of the rs2209972 SNP of the insulin degrading enzyme gene.
Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer/genética , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/genética , Insulisina/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Alelos , Doença de Alzheimer/complicações , Doença de Alzheimer/psicologia , Apolipoproteínas E/genética , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/psicologia , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Genótipo , Humanos , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Pacientes Ambulatoriais , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Cognitive impairment and dementia are common geriatric syndromes in diabetic patients. Inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease and cognitive impairment. Cyclooxygenases (COX) 1 and 2 participate in inflammation. The polymorphism c.1-765G>C of the COX2 gene might be protective against cognitive decline in Mexicans with diabetes mellitus through its reduced promotor activity. To determine the association between polymorphism c.1-765G>C of the COX2 gene and cognitive impairment in elderly adults with diabetes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Case-control study. We included diabetic patients from the Geriatric Clinic of General Hospital No. 17 who were over 65 years and accepted to participate. Cases were patients with a score of 24 or less on the Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) and with DSM IV criteria for dementia. Controls were those with MMSE scores of 25 or greater. Results We included 97 patients (50 cases and 47 controls). There were no differences regarding clinical and laboratory characteristics between cases and controls. The frequency of the C allele and the CG genotype was higher in controls than in cases and this difference remained significant in a multivariate analysis with an odds ratio of 0.012 (95% CI 0.001-0.091) and 0.009 (95% CI 0.001-0.076) in the bivariate and multivariate analysis, respectively, using the GG genotype frequency as a reference. CONCLUSION: Cognitive impairment in Mexican patients with diabetes is associated with less exposure to the CG genotype of the c.1-765G>C polymorphism of COX2.
Assuntos
Ciclo-Oxigenase 2/genética , Demência/genética , Complicações do Diabetes/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Demência/complicações , Demência/diagnóstico , Feminino , Marcadores Genéticos , Genótipo , Humanos , Masculino , México , Análise Multivariada , Razão de Chances , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
AIM: To explore the gradient between the acute-phase response (APR) and peritonitis of differing severity. METHODS: In 202 patients with peritonitis, we determined serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-13, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and C-reactive protein (CRP). The severity of peritonitis was graded in accordance with the Mannheim Peritonitis Index (MPI). The grade-response relation between the severity of peritonitis and each analyte was explored. RESULTS: A statistically significant association was found between the medians of severity of peritonitis and IL-6 (p < 0.025), TNF-alpha (p < 0.01), CRP (p < 0.033), IL-10 (p < 0.0001), and IL-13 (p < 0.004). Both TNF-alpha and IL-10 had a direct, and IL-13 an indirect, relation to severity, whereas CRP and IL-6 tended toward linear behavior in equilibrium. A significant association persisted between individual MPI scores and IL-6 (p < 0.002), TNF-alpha (p < 0.002), CRP (p < 0.002), and IL-10 (p < 0.001), but not IL-13 (p = 0.646). CONCLUSION: Around the mean value of grade II peritonitis, the equilibrium between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines is lost. This change coincides with the 26-point threshold for the MPI.
Assuntos
Citocinas/sangue , Peritonite/diagnóstico , Peritonite/patologia , Soro/química , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Peritonite/imunologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: HPV infection in women from developing countries is an important public health problem. Therefore, we sought to determine the prevalences of HPV infection and HPV genotypes in a female population of Durango City, Mexico. Also to determine whether any socio-demographic characteristic from the women associated with HPV infection exists. METHODS: Four hundred and ninety eight women seeking cervical Papanicolaou examination in three public Health Centers were examined for HPV infection. All women were tested for HPV DNA PCR by using HPV universal primers. In addition, all positive HPV DNA PCR samples were further analyzed for genotyping of HPV genotype 16, 18 and 33. Socio-demographic characteristics from each participant were also obtained. RESULTS: Twenty-four out of four hundred and ninety-eight (4.8%) women were found infected by HPV. HPV genotype 16 was found in 18 out of the 24 (75%) infected women. Two of them were also coinfected by HPV genotype 18 (8.3%). In the rest 6 PCR positive women, genotyping for HPV genotypes 16, 18 and 33 were negative. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of HPV in women of Durango City is low; however, most infected women have high risk HPV genotype. The women who were studied showed low frequency of risk factors for HPV infection and this may explain the low prevalence of HPV infection. The high frequency of high risk HPV genotypes observed might explain the high rate of mortality for cervical cancer in our region.
Assuntos
Teste de Papanicolaou , Papillomaviridae/genética , Papillomaviridae/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Papillomavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , Esfregaço Vaginal , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Genótipo , Humanos , México/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , PrevalênciaRESUMO
Objetivo. Determinar el efecto de la reconversión del francés al inglés de los Annales de I' Institut Pasteur en sus índices bibliométricos. Marco de referencia. Las revistas del Instituto Pasteur cuentan con prestigio académico avalado por cien años de antigüedad y ocho premios Nobel de fisiología y medicina. Dichas revistas se encuentran capturadas por el ISI lo que permite analizar sus cambios bibliométricos. Diseño. De 1974 a 1992 se estudió, mediante análisis de regresión, la asociación entre porcentaje de artículos en inglés y : a) su factor de impacto; b) el lugar ocupado entre las revistas dew igual temática. Se calcularon los coeficientes de determinación (r²) de ambas regresiones. resultados. El r² global del porcentaje de artículos en inglés y el factor de impacto fue de impacto fue de 0.108; y los coeficientes de porcentaje de inglés y ubicación entre las revistas de igual temática fueron 0.178, 0.045 y 0.122 para microbiología, inmunología y virología respectivamente. Conclusión. la reconversión no modificó el factor de impacto de los Annales de I' Institut Pasteur