RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Cardiac autonomic system functioning may be altered by obesity leading to cardiovascular diseases and associated complications. Military police officers are exposed to traditional and occupational risk factors for the development of CVD, however data on the cardiovascular health in this population is still scarce. AIM: In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the impact of obesity on cardiac autonomic modulation and the hemodynamic profile in male active-duty military police officers. METHODS: The body composition of the volunteers was assessed by octapolar electrical bioimpedance. Participants were classified as non-obese or obese in accordance with their body fat, with further subgroups as physically active obese or insufficiently active obese using International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Cardiac autonomic modulation was assessed by heart rate variability and the automatic oscillometric method allowed us to assess hemodynamic features. RESULTS: 102 military police officers from the state of São Paulo participated in the study. Cardiac autonomic modulation revealed significant impairment in time and frequency domains and non-linear methods in the obese group compared to the non-obese (p < 0.05). A higher physical activity level did not alter these results in the obese group. However, no significant differences in the hemodynamic profile were observed between groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest a negative association between obesity and cardiac autonomic modulation in military police officers, unaffected by increased physical activity.
Assuntos
Sistema Nervoso Autônomo , Frequência Cardíaca , Obesidade , Polícia , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Transversais , Sistema Nervoso Autônomo/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Obesidade/diagnóstico , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Coração/inervação , Coração/fisiopatologia , Saúde Ocupacional , Hemodinâmica , Saúde Militar , Adiposidade , Medição de Risco , Militares , Adulto JovemRESUMO
One important contributing factor in the high prevalence of drug abuse disorders seen among schizophrenic patients seems to be related to chronic treatment with typical neuroleptics. We have previously demonstrated that withdrawal from long-term treatment with the typical neuroleptic haloperidol, but not the atypical neuroleptic ziprasidone, potentiated the hyperlocomotor effect induced by a single cocaine injection and cocaine-induced conditioned place preference in mice. In the present study we investigated whether withdrawal from long-term treatment with these same neuroleptics would also modify cocaine-induced hyperlocomotion sensitization, which has been proposed as an animal model for the intensification of drug craving in cocaine addiction. Swiss male mice were i.p. treated with haloperidol (1.0 mg/kg) or ziprasidone (4.0 mg/kg) for 15 days. Twenty-four hours after the last injection, animals received an i.p. injection of cocaine (10 mg/kg) for 5 consecutive days, being placed after each injection in the open-field apparatus in order to perform a drug-environment conditioning. Seven days after the last drug-environment conditioning procedure, the animals were challenged with an i.p. injection of cocaine (10 mg/kg), placed in the open-field apparatus and had their locomotor activity quantified. Withdrawal from haloperidol (but not ziprasidone) potentiated cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization. These results are suggested to be a consequence of the development of the dopaminergic supersensitivity phenomenon by long-term treatment with the typical compound. Our findings provide additional support for the use of atypical agents like ziprasidone in the treatment of schizophrenic patients with comorbid substance abuse disorder.