RESUMO
A piometra é uma infecção aguda ou crônica do útero que ocorre frequentemente em cadelas não castradas, podendo também ocorrer em gatas domésticas e selvagens, sendo poucos os estudos relacionados à piometra em grandes felídeos. O objetivo deste relato foi descrever um caso de piometra em uma leoa (Panthera leo) de cativeiro, as lesões de necropsia e histológicas, bem como os resultados da análise microbiológica. Uma leoa com aproximadamente 23 anos, pertencente a um criadouro conservacionista de Santa Maria-RS, foi encontrada morta pela manhã em seu recinto. Após coleta de dados, procedeu-se à necropsia e à coleta de material para análise histopatológica e bacteriológica. A análise microbiológica revelou predomínio das bactérias Streptococcus sp. e Escherichia coli no conteúdo purulento do útero, caracterizando como piometra, e a bactéria predominante em plasma, fígado e medula óssea foi E. coli. De acordo com o laudo histopatológico, as alterações observadas nessa leoa sugerem um quadro de septicemia grave, sendo a origem do foco infeccioso bacteriano, provavelmente, a piometra. Considera-se importante chamar a atenção dos médicos veterinários de animais selvagens para um diagnóstico precoce dessa doença, que é comum em cadelas, mas que pode acometer também felídeos selvagens e levá-los à morte.
Pyometra is an acute or chronic uterus infection that occurs often in not spayed dogs, but may also occur in wild and domestic cats, and there are few studies related to pyometra in big cats. The aim of this report was to describe a case of pyometra in a lion (Panthera leo) in captivity, the gross and microscopic lesions found at necropsy, and the results of the microbiological analysis. A female with approximately 23 years of age, belonging to a Conservationist Breeding Center located in Santa Maria-RS-Brazil was found dead in her enclosure in the morning. After data collection, we proceeded to the autopsy and collection of material for histopathological and bacteriological analyzes. Microbiological analysis revealed a predominance of the bacteria Streptococcus sp and Escherichia coli in the uterus content, characterized as pyometra and the predominant bacterium in the plasma, liver and bone marrow was Escherichia coli. According to histopathology, the changes observed in this lioness suggest a framework of severe septicemia, being the source of the bacterial infection, probably, pyometra. It is considered important to draw the attention of zoo and wildlife veterinarians for an early diagnosis of this common disease in dogs, which can also affect large wild cats and lead them to death.
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Escherichia coli/isolamento & purificação , Leões/microbiologia , Piometra/veterinária , Streptococcus/isolamento & purificação , Endocardite/veterinária , Pneumonia/veterinária , Sepse/veterináriaRESUMO
A piometra é uma infecção aguda ou crônica do útero que ocorre frequentemente em cadelas não castradas, podendo também ocorrer em gatas domésticas e selvagens, sendo poucos os estudos relacionados à piometra em grandes felídeos. O objetivo deste relato foi descrever um caso de piometra em uma leoa (Panthera leo) de cativeiro, as lesões de necropsia e histológicas, bem como os resultados da análise microbiológica. Uma leoa com aproximadamente 23 anos, pertencente a um criadouro conservacionista de Santa Maria-RS, foi encontrada morta pela manhã em seu recinto. Após coleta de dados, procedeu-se à necropsia e à coleta de material para análise histopatológica e bacteriológica. A análise microbiológica revelou predomínio das bactérias Streptococcus sp. e Escherichia coli no conteúdo purulento do útero, caracterizando como piometra, e a bactéria predominante em plasma, fígado e medula óssea foi E. coli. De acordo com o laudo histopatológico, as alterações observadas nessa leoa sugerem um quadro de septicemia grave, sendo a origem do foco infeccioso bacteriano, provavelmente, a piometra. Considera-se importante chamar a atenção dos médicos veterinários de animais selvagens para um diagnóstico precoce dessa doença, que é comum em cadelas, mas que pode acometer também felídeos selvagens e levá-los à morte(AU)
Pyometra is an acute or chronic uterus infection that occurs often in not spayed dogs, but may also occur in wild and domestic cats, and there are few studies related to pyometra in big cats. The aim of this report was to describe a case of pyometra in a lion (Panthera leo) in captivity, the gross and microscopic lesions found at necropsy, and the results of the microbiological analysis. A female with approximately 23 years of age, belonging to a Conservationist Breeding Center located in Santa Maria-RS-Brazil was found dead in her enclosure in the morning. After data collection, we proceeded to the autopsy and collection of material for histopathological and bacteriological analyzes. Microbiological analysis revealed a predominance of the bacteria Streptococcus sp and Escherichia coli in the uterus content, characterized as pyometra and the predominant bacterium in the plasma, liver and bone marrow was Escherichia coli. According to histopathology, the changes observed in this lioness suggest a framework of severe septicemia, being the source of the bacterial infection, probably, pyometra. It is considered important to draw the attention of zoo and wildlife veterinarians for an early diagnosis of this common disease in dogs, which can also affect large wild cats and lead them to death(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Leões/microbiologia , Piometra/veterinária , Escherichia coli/isolamento & purificação , Streptococcus/isolamento & purificação , Sepse/veterinária , Endocardite/veterinária , Pneumonia/veterináriaRESUMO
Physical exercise increases serum glucocorticoids, which is believed to be involved in the fall of T3 after high intensity exercise. The objective was to evaluate whether a physical exercise session alters the thyroid economy and adrenal axis in humans, and the possible role of corticosteroids in thyroid function disturbance. Active but not athlete subjects were enrolled in an open field competition and cortisol, TSH, T3, and T4 were measured before and after the race. To give new insights into the mechanisms underlying the changes in thyroid economy after exercise, we used a rat model to evaluate the impact of blocking corticosterone synthesis during treadmill exercise by metyrapone administration. Cortisol levels increased 1.5-fold (from 28.2±3.8 to 42.2±2.2 µg/dl; p<0.05), while serum T3 decreased by 13% (from 115±5 to 99±5 µg/dl; p<0.05) 6 h after the race in humans. Also, in rats, glucocorticoid increased by 2-fold while T3 decreased 15% after exercise session (p<0.05). However, the complete blockage of corticosterone peak did not impair serum T3 decrease observed in rats submitted to exercise. Interestingly, the lack of corticosterone peak led not only to lower serum T3, but also to decreased serum T4, indicating that corticosterone might be fundamental for the maintenance of serum thyroid hormone levels after high intensity exercise. Although cortisol increases and T3 decreases after high intensity exercise in both humans and rats, it does not seem to be a cause-effect response since pharmacological blockage of corticosterone peak does not modulate T3 response.
Assuntos
Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Glucocorticoides/metabolismo , Condicionamento Físico Animal , Tri-Iodotironina/sangue , Adulto , Animais , Humanos , Hidrocortisona/sangue , Iodeto Peroxidase/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratos , Tiroxina/sangue , Adulto JovemRESUMO
This work describes the use of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) to follow up the degeneration-regeneration process after a laceration injury induced in the lateral gastrocnemius (LG) and soleus (SOL) muscles of rats. UBM (40 MHz) images were acquired and used for biomechanical characterization of muscular tissue, specifically using pennation angle (PA) and muscle thickness (MT). The animals were distributed in three groups: the variability group (VG; N=5), the gastrocnemius injured group (GG; N=6) and the soleus injured group (SG; N=5). VG rats were used to assess data variability and reliability (coefficients of variation of 9.37 and 3.97% for PA and MT, respectively). GG and SG rats were submitted to the injury protocol in the LG and SOL muscles of the right legs, respectively. UBM images of muscles of both legs were acquired at the following time points: before and after injury (immediately, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days). We observed an increase in PA for the non-injured leg 28 days after injury for both GG and SG rats (GG=10.68 to 16.53 deg and SG=9.65 to 14.06 deg; P<0.05). Additionally, MT presented a tendency to increase (GG=2.92 to 3.13 mm and SG=2.12 to 2.35 mm). Injured legs maintained pre-injury PA and MT values. It is suggested that a compensatory hypertrophic response due to the overload condition imposed to healthy leg. The results indicate that UBM allows qualitative and quantitative muscle differentiation among healthy and injured muscle at different stages after lesion.
Assuntos
Microscopia Acústica , Músculo Esquelético/diagnóstico por imagem , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Regeneração , Animais , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Feminino , Microscopia Acústica/métodos , Músculo Esquelético/lesões , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
UNLABELLED: The number of healthy individuals undergoing unilateral nephrectomy for kidney donation is increasing world-wide. Obesity and nephron reduction could promote a decline in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and an increase in urinary protein excretion in these individuals. Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is also a risk factor for these patients. This study evaluated GFR, urinary protein excretion, and the possibility of one or more components of MS in this group. METHODS: Twenty live kidney donors were evaluated at an average of 10 years after nephrectomy. We obtained measurements of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and waist circumference. We estimated renal function, urinary protein excretion, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and fasting plasma glucose levels. The GFR was calculated through the estimated creatinine clearance using the Cokcroft-Gault equation (eGFR). RESULTS: Of the 20 participants, four developed MS. The patients with a greater number of MS components showed a greater eGFR. Only seven donors (35%) showed a normal blood pressure. Serum creatinine level changes were observed in three patients, and in five there was increased urinary protein excretion. CONCLUSION: This study showed the possibility that corporeal weight gain and MS may be additional overburdens on the GFR of the remaining kidney.
Assuntos
Taxa de Filtração Glomerular , Doadores Vivos , Síndrome Metabólica/epidemiologia , Nefrectomia/efeitos adversos , Aumento de Peso , Seguimentos , Humanos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Proteinúria/epidemiologia , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
The localization properties of the single-particle and collective electron excitations were investigated in the intentionally disordered GaAs/AlGaAs superlattices by weak-field magnetoresistance and Raman scattering. The localization length of the individual electron was found to be considerably larger than that of the collective excitations. This suggests that the disorder has a weaker effect on the electrons than on their collective motion and that the interaction which gives rise to the collective effects increases localization.
RESUMO
Neospora caninum was isolated from the brain of an adult dog in Brazil. Cerebral tissue from the dog was inoculated into Mongolian gerbils. Gerbils were euthanized 3-4 months later and bradyzoite-containing tissue cysts were observed in their brains. N. caninum (designated NC-Bahia) was isolated in cell culture after inoculation with tissue cysts from the gerbils. The identity of the parasite was confirmed by immunohistochemical examination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Gerbils may be a useful alternative to immunosuppressed mice for isolation of N. caninum and for production of encysted bradyzoites.
Assuntos
Encéfalo/parasitologia , Coccidiose/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/parasitologia , Neospora/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/sangue , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Coccidiose/imunologia , Coccidiose/parasitologia , Técnicas de Cultura/veterinária , DNA de Protozoário/análise , Suscetibilidade a Doenças/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/imunologia , Cães , Gerbillinae , Imunocompetência , Imuno-Histoquímica/veterinária , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Knockout , Neospora/genética , Neospora/imunologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterináriaRESUMO
Oral contraceptive use has been increasing in Brazil since the late 1970s, and oral contraceptives have been associated with higher incidence of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, since their release in the United States and Europe. We examined the association between oral contraceptive use and blood pressure levels in 1457 workers from 10 sectors of the economy, between the ages of 15 and 49 years, in São Paulo, Brazil. Oral contraceptive use was associated with higher age, lower parity, higher income, white ethnic group, and administrative occupations. Using multiple linear regression and logistic regression techniques, we evaluated blood pressure and hypertension differences between users and nonusers. Oral contraceptive users had a mean systolic blood pressure 2.6 mm Hg higher than nonusers after adjustment for multiple potential confounders, including age, income, parity, ethnicity, body mass index, and occupation. There was a statistically significant positive trend between length of time on oral contraceptives and mean systolic blood pressure levels. After adjustment for demographic and social variables, there were no differences between whites and blacks. Oral contraceptive users have an adjusted odds ratio for hypertension of 2.66 (95% CI: 1.51-4.70). The finding of an increasingly positive association between oral contraceptive use and mean systolic blood pressure level suggests cause and effect. This observation has substantial importance because systolic blood pressure is considered the primary predictor of blood pressure-associated morbidity and mortality. This may pose a particular problem in Brazil, since most women on oral contraceptives are not under medical supervision.
Assuntos
Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Anticoncepcionais Orais/efeitos adversos , Mulheres Trabalhadoras , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Brasil/epidemiologia , Causalidade , Estudos Transversais , Demografia , Diástole , Etnicidade , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Modelos Lineares , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores Socioeconômicos , SístoleRESUMO
The experience with 103 jejunal biopsies in the Rio de Janeiro University Hospital--UFRJ, from January 1983 to June 1985 is presented. It is reported the effectiveness of the method and the low number of complications. The importance as a valuable complementary method of diagnosis and the usefulness in the small intestine disease's scientific investigation is emphasized.