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BACKGROUND: This photoelastic analysis evaluated stress distribution in different osteosynthesis systems, conventional and locking, used for treatment of mandibular angle fractures with a single plate. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Angle fractures were simulated in mandibles made of photoelastic resin. Following Champy's method, plate osteosynthesis was performed. The samples were divided into five groups: Group 1, non-fractured mandible; Group 2, two screws were installed in each segment using a conventional system; Group 3, two screws were installed in each segment using a locking system; Group 4, three screws were installed in the proximal segment and four screws in the distal segment using a conventional plate; Group 5, three screws were installed in the proximal segment and four screws in the distal segment using a locking plate. In an universal testing machine coupled to a polariscope, a load was applied to the first molar 10 times. The 50 images were randomly numbered and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by two raters. RESULTS: The locking system promoted better stress distribution along the osteosynthesis. The locking system reduced stress magnitude in the distal segment, with a significant between-group difference (P≤ 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The locking plate/screw system can distribute stress more evenly throughout the osteosynthesis, especially when long seven-hole plates are used. Key words:Internal fracture fixation, osteosynthesis, mandibular fracture, bone plates.

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This study evaluated the osteoconductive potential of four biomaterials used to fill bone defects. For this, 24 male Albino rabbits were submitted to the creation of a bilateral 8 mm calvarial bone defect. The animals were divided into four groups-bovine hydroxyapatite, Bio-Oss® (BIO); Lumina-Bone Porous® (LBP); Bonefill® (BFL); and an alloplastic material, Clonos® (CLN)-and were euthanized at 14 and 40 days. The samples were subjected to histological and histometric analysis for newly formed bone area. Immunohistochemical analysis for Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and osteocalcin (OC) was performed. After statistical analysis, the CLN group showed greater new bone formation (NB) in both periods analyzed (p < 0.05). At 14 days, the NB showed greater values in BIO in relation to LBP and BFL groups; however, after 40 days, the LBP group surpassed the results of BIO (p < 0.001). The immunostaining showed a decrease in Runx2 intensity in BIO after 40 days, while it increased for LBP (p < 0.05). The CLN showed increased OC compared to the other groups in both periods analyzed (p < 0.05). Therefore, CLN showed the best osteoconductive behavior in critical defects in rabbit calvaria, and BFL showed the lowest osteoconductive property.

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Mandibular reconstruction techniques are always a challenge to oral and maxillofacial (OMF) surgeons. Techniques and treatment plans that offer the patient OMF rehabilitation should always be available. Technological innovations have enabled more rapid, safer, and more secure treatment than in the past. This article describes a case using a different approach. The patient was treated with marginal mandibulectomy and immediate rehabilitation with osseointegrated implants; a hybrid prosthesis was fabricated a short time thereafter. This treatment plan demonstrated its utility and efficiency in this case. An approach with fewer surgeries and OMF rehabilitation needs be considered in all cases.

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Odontoma is the most common mixed epithelial and mesenchymal tumour-like malformation which affects maxillary bones. Clinically, Odontomas present as lesions of benign behavior, causing little or no deformity, are asymptomatic, with self-limited growth and usually detected on routine radiographs. Radiographically, they are radiopaque lesions, well-demarcated surrounded by a thin soft tissue capsule. Compound odontomas consist of numerous tooth-like structures, whereas in complex odontomas it consists of a disorganized mass of calcified tissue. The aim of this article was to report an atypical case of intracranial compound odontoma, in the middle cranial fossa, reaching the sphenoidal sinus, which has been followed for 10 years.

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Edentulous patients with an atrophic maxilla associated with lip-palate fissures have unpredictable results after undergoing grafting procedures. In situations where the atrophic maxilla does not adequately allow reconstruction, the use of zygomatic implants has been indicated, and probably these implants can be indicated for the rehabilitation of patients with lip-palate fissures. This case report describes the oral rehabilitation treatment of a patient with a lip-palate cleft treated with zygomatic implants and implant-supported fixed prosthesis with two years of follow-up. A 65-year-old female patient had a lip-palate cleft and previously underwent surgery to close the cleft. The patient had a severely atrophic maxilla and had difficulty adapting to a removable total prosthesis. Due to the small amount of bone remaining and extensive fibrous tissue in the palate region, a rehabilitation with conventional implants associated with zygomatic implants was chosen. Two zygomatic implants and a conventional implant were placed on the right side, and a zygomatic implant and conventional implant were placed on the left side; these implants were later activated by a protocol-type prosthesis. The zygomatic implants provided an adequate aesthetic and functional outcome of the prosthesis in a patient with cleft palate.

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O transplante dental autógeno pode ser considerado uma opção viável para substituição de dentes perdidos, sendo assim necessário um dente doador em boas condições para sua realização. A principal vantagem dessa técnica é que pode ser realizada em pacientes em fase de crescimento, devolvendo a estética e a função mastigatória para esses pacientes. Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso clínico de transplante dental autógeno de uma paciente jovem, a qual foi submetida ao transplante do elemento dental 28 para o alvéolo do dente 26, o qual teve indicação de exodontia devido a extensa lesão coronária causada por cárie. O transplante dental autógeno mostrou-se eficaz para o referido caso, visto que proporcionou ao paciente uma reabilitação funcional e estética satisfatória, sendo um tratamento rápido, seguro e economicamente viável.

The autogenous dental transplantation can be considered a viable option to replacement of lost teeth. For this it´s necessary a healthy donor tooth to perform. The main advantage of this technique is can be used in growing patients, reestablishing aesthetics and masticatory function for them. This paper aims report a clinical case of autogenous dental transplantation of a young patient, who was submitted to transplantation from the upper left third molar to the alveolus of upper left first molar, which had indication of exodontia due extensive lesion caused by caries. Autogenous dental transplantation showed to be effective for this case, because the patient had a satisfactory functional and aesthetic rehabilitation, being a fast, safe and economically viable.

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Introdução: As lesões vasculares da cavidade bucal são representadas por hemangiomas ou más-formações vasculares, varizes e menos comumente flebotromboses. Os sítios de maior acometimento são: lábios, mucosa jugal e língua. Os aspectos clínicos são de lesões nodulares ou papulares, pequenas e bem circunscritas, de coloração avermelhada, consistência resiliente, superfície lisa ou moriforme. A diascopia é uma manobra semiotécnica utilizada na diferenciação entre lesões vasculares e máculas. As principais modalidades de tratamento para as lesões vasculares são: excisão cirúrgica, crioterapia, uso de corticóides, escleroterapia e eletrocoagulação. Objetivo: Relatar três casos clínicos de lesões vasculares pequenas na cavidade bucal, tratadas através da excisão cirúrgica das lesões. Resultados e Discussão: Todos os casos evoluíram com um ótimo trans e pós-operatório. O exame anatomopatológico das mesmas revelou dois casos de hemangiomas e um de flebotrombose. A decisão de abordar cirurgicamente as lesões vasculares foi considerada frente aos aspectos clínicos de lesões bem circunscritas, pequenas, palpáveis, boa localização, sem comprometer estruturas nobres anatômicas. Conclusão: A excisão cirúrgica, abordada através de biópsia excisional de lesões pequenas vasculares, é uma opção viável de tratamento, sem complicações trans e pós-operatórias quando corretamente indicadas e executadas.

Introduction: Vascular lesions of the buccal cavity are represented by hemangiomas or vascular malformations, varicose veins and, less commonly, phlebotrombosis. The sites of major involvement are: lips, jugal mucosa and tongue. Clinical features are small, well circumscribed nodular or papular lesions of reddish color, resilient consistency, smooth or moriform surface. Diascopy is a semi-technical maneuver used in the differentiation between vascular lesions and macules. The main treatment modalities for vascular lesions are: surgical excision, cryotherapy, use of corticoids, sclerotherapy, electrocoagulation. Objective: of this present study was to report three clinical cases of small vascular lesions in the oral cavity, which after a well done clinical examination, the team planned the surgical excision of the lesions and the anatomopathological examination revealed two cases of hemangiomas and one of phlebotrombosis. Method: The decision to surgically approach the vascular lesions of this study was considered against the clinical aspects of well circumscribed and small, palpable lesions, good location, without compromising anatomical noble structures. Results: All cases evolved with a good postoperative period. Conclusion: that surgical excision, treated as an excisional biopsy of small vascular lesions, is a viable treatment option, without trans and postoperative complications when correctly indicated and performed.

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Dental arches areas with teeth presenting dentoalveolar ankylosis and replacement root resorption can be considered as presenting normal bone, in full physiological remodeling process; and osseointegrated implants can be successfully placed. Bone remodeling will promote osseointegration, regardless of presenting ankylosis and/or replacement root resorption. After 1 to 10 years, all dental tissues will have been replaced by bone. The site, angulation and ideal positioning in the space to place the implant should be dictated exclusively by the clinical convenience, associated with previous planning. One of the advantages of decoronation followed by dental implants placement in ankylosed teeth with replacement resorption is the maintenance of bone volume in the region, both vertical and horizontal. If possible, the buccal part of the root, even if thin, should be preserved in the preparation of the cavity for the implant, as this will maintain gingival tissues looking fully normal for long periods. In the selection of cases for decoronation, the absence of microbial contamination in the region - represented by chronic periapical lesions, presence of fistula, old unconsolidated root fractures and active advanced periodontal disease - is important. Such situations are contraindications to decoronation. However, the occurrence of dentoalveolar ankylosis and replacement resorption without contamination should neither change the planning for implant installation, nor the criteria for choosing the type and brand of dental implant to be used. Failure to decoronate and use dental implants has never been reported.

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Objetivo: verificar a influência das exodontias realizadas no mesmo momento da instalação dos implantes osteointegráveis (IO) na frequência de complicações pós-operatórias e a estabilidade primária desses implantes. Material e métodos: mediante análise dos prontuários dos pacientes tratados na APCD (Bauru-SP), foram selecionados e comparados dois grupos de pacientes que necessitavam de reabilitação oral total de mandíbula. Grupo I: pacientes submetidos à exodontia prévia à instalação de IO (N:13). Grupo II: pacientes submetidos à exodontia e instalação de implantes no mesmo momento (N:27). No grupo I, dos 13 pacientes tratados, 12 (91,67%) foram submetidos à carga imediata (52 implantes). No grupo II, 24 (88,89%) dos 27 pacientes (110 implantes) alcançaram os parâmetros necessários de estabilidade inicial. Resultados: a comparação entre os grupos apontou maior frequência de complicações no grupo II, no qual foram perdidos dois implantes osteointegráveis (1,82%). Conclusão: as extrações realizadas no mesmo momento da instalação dos IO podem contribuir para maior incidência de perda das fixações. Assim, deve-se esclarecer aos pacientes as limitações, vantagens e desvantagens do tratamento com carga imediata.

Objectives: to verify the influence of tooth extraction and immediate implant placement on the frequency of postoperative complications and primary implant stability. Material and methods: upon reviewing of the dental charts of patients treated at APCD (Bauru- SP), two groups were selected based on their need of mandibular implant restorations. Group I: those submitted to tooth extraction and later receiving dental implant placement (N=13); Group II: patients submitted to extraction and implant placement in the same time (N=27). In Group I, 13 patients (91.67%) were submitted to immediate loading (52 implants). In Group II, 24 patients (110 implants, 88,89%) achieved the pre-requisites of initial stability. Results: the frequency of complications was higher in Group II, with two implants lost (1.82%). Conclusion: tooth extraction and dental implant placement in the same day can contribute to more implant failures. Thus, patients need to educated regarding the limitations, advantages, and disadvantages of the immediate loading protocol as a treatment option.

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Introducción: pseudoquistes y quistes verdaderos de los maxilares son contraindicaciones para cirugías de aumento de volumen óseo en la región posterior de la maxila. Objetivo: describir dos casos de pacientes con transtornos en los senos maxilares (pseudoquiste y quiste verdadero del maxilar) en senos maxilares neumatizados que necesitaban reconstrucción ósea, para posterior rehabilitacion con implantes oseointegrados. Presentación de casos: se presentan dos casos clínicos en que la planificación quirúrgica consistió en la remoción de la lesión y simultánea elevación del suelo del seno maxilar. En el primer caso, pseudoquiste antral, se procedió a la aspiración del contenido quístico previamente a la elevación de la membrana de Schneider. En el segundo caso, quiste verdadero del seno maxilar, se realizó la remoción completa de la lesión quística. En ambos casos no hubo perforación de la membrana, y el hueso bovino inorgánico fue utilizado como material de relleno. La instalación de los implantes fueron después de 7 meses de la cirugía de elevación de seno. Los controles clínicos y tomográficos mostraron adecuada oseointegración de los implantes y ausencia de recidiva y/o restos de la lesión. Conclusiones: el quiste verdadero del seno maxilar causa la destrucción de las paredes óseas y debe ser removido previamente a las cirugías de elevación sinusal. Ningún tratamiento es indicado para el pseudoquiste antral, teniendo claro que la lesión no representa necesariamente una contraindicación para la elevación de la membrana sinusal y colocación de injerto óseo para implantes. Mientras tanto, la aspiración previa de contenido líquido del pseudoquiste evita posibles complicaciones infecciosas posoperatorias(AU)

Introduction: maxillary pseudocysts and true cysts are contraindications for bone volume augmentation surgery in the posterior maxillary region. Objective: describe two cases of patients with maxillary sinus disorders (pseudocyst and true cyst) in pneumatized maxillary sinuses requiring bone reconstruction with a view to eventual rehabilitation with osseointegrated implants. Case presentation: two clinical cases are presented in which surgical planning consisted in lesion removal and simultaneous maxillary sinus floor elevation. In the first case, antral pseudocyst, aspiration was performed of the cystic content before elevation of the Schneiderian membrane. In the second case, true cyst of the maxillary sinus, total removal of the cystic lesion was performed. Membrane perforation did not occur in either case. Inorganic bovine bone was used as filler in both. Implantation was performed 7 months after sinus lifting surgery. Clinical and tomographic examination showed adequate implant osseointegration and absence of recurrence and/or lesion remnants. Conclusions: true maxillary sinus cysts cause bone wall destruction, and should be removed before performing sinus lifting surgery. No treatment is indicated for antral pseudocyst, for the lesion does not necessarily constitute a contraindication for sinus membrane lifting and bone graft placement for implantation. On the other hand, previous aspiration of the liquid content of the pseudocyst prevents possible postoperative infectious complications(AU)

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