RESUMO
ABSTRACT The dung beetle, Scybalocanthon nigriceps (Harold, 1868), is recorded in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, for the first time, at the Moreno Fortes Biological Reserve, municipality of Dois Irmãos das Missões, northwest region of the state, expanding the area of occurrence and distribution of this species in the country.
Assuntos
Animais , Besouros/anatomia & histologia , Besouros/classificação , BrasilRESUMO
The dung beetle, Scybalocanthon nigriceps (Harold, 1868), is recorded in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, for the first time, at the Moreno Fortes Biological Reserve, municipality of Dois Irmãos das Missões, northwest region of the state, expanding the area of occurrence and distribution of this species in the country.
Assuntos
Besouros/anatomia & histologia , Besouros/classificação , Animais , BrasilRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Rectal cancer patients frequently present with locally advanced disease for which the standard of care includes neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision. Positive lymph nodes are one of the most powerful risk factors for recurrence and survival in colorectal cancer. In the absence of specific rectal guidelines, the literature recommends to the pathologist to optimize the number of rectal lymph nodes (LN) retrieved. We made a literature review in order to identify factors that could potentially affect the number of LN retrieved in specimens of patients with rectal cancer treated by chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by total mesorectal excision (TME). RESULTS: Age did not have a significant effect on LN yield. The effect of sex on LN number is not consistent in the literature. Most of the papers did not find a relationship between lower LN obtained and gender. Laparoscopy for primary rectal cancer is associated with a greater number of LN as well as short-term benefits. Tumors in the upper rectum are associated with a higher number of LN than those in the mid and lower rectum. The type of surgery had no effect on lymph node yield either. Tumors with complete or almost complete pathologic regression were exactly the ones with lower number of lymph nodes detected. Approximately one-third of patients with neoadjuvant treatment had less than 12 LN yield. CONCLUSION: The tumor regression grade is the most important factor for the decrease in the number of lymph nodes.
Assuntos
Linfonodos/patologia , Terapia Neoadjuvante , Neoplasias Retais/patologia , Neoplasias Retais/terapia , Fatores Etários , Feminino , Humanos , Linfonodos/cirurgia , Masculino , Neoplasias Retais/cirurgia , Reto/patologia , Reto/cirurgiaRESUMO
Scarabaeinae specimens were collected with the use of pitfall traps baited with human excrement, rotten meat and rotting banana, between May 2009 and April 2010, in three forest fragments in Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: 'Morro do Elefante' (MOEL), 'Morro do Cerrito' (MOCE) and 'Campus da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria' (UFSM). A total of 19,699 individuals belonging to 33 species were collected. Canthidium aff. trinodosum Boheman, 1858, Canthon latipes Blanchard, 1845, Dichotomius assifer (Eschscholtz 1822), Eurysternus caribaeus (Herbst 1789), Canthidium sp. and Canthon lividus Blanchard, 1845, were the most abundant species. MOEL showed the greatest richness, MOCE the greatest abundance, while UFSM showed the lowest values of richness and abundance. The greatest similarity (qualitative and quantitative) was found between MOEL and MOCE, while the lowest occurred between MOCE and UFSM. Only 51% of the species were common to all three fragments. The richness and abundance of Scarabaeinae were positively correlated with the air temperature. The richness of the fragment decreased according to the smaller size and the greater degree of disturbance of vegetation structure.
Assuntos
Biodiversidade , Besouros/classificação , Animais , Brasil , Humanos , Densidade Demográfica , Estações do Ano , ÁrvoresRESUMO
This note reports the first record of parasitism of Argon lota Hewitson pupae by the facultative gregarious parasitoid Brachymeria pandora (Crawford). Up to six adults (three males and three females) of B. pandora were observed to emerge from a single A. lota pupa.
Assuntos
Himenópteros/fisiologia , Lepidópteros/parasitologia , Animais , BrasilRESUMO
This note reports the first record of parasitism of Argon lota Hewitson pupae by the facultative gregarious parasitoid Brachymeria pandora (Crawford). Up to six adults (three males and three females) of B. pandora were observed to emerge from a single A. lota pupa.
Assuntos
Animais , Himenópteros/fisiologia , Lepidópteros/parasitologia , BrasilRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Sedentary behaviors have been correlated with obesity. We investigated whether changes in sedentary behaviors relate to changes in energy intake and/or physical activity. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental within-subject crossover design in which children participated in three 3-week phases: baseline and increased and decreased targeted sedentary behaviors. PARTICIPANTS: Thirteen 8- to 12-year-old, nonobese children. MEASUREMENTS: Sedentary behaviors were measured through the use of daily activity logs, physical activity measured with accelerometers, and energy intake measured by means of repeated 24-hour recalls collected during each phase. Energy intake, energy expenditure, and energy balance per day were calculated. RESULTS: Children showed significant (P <.001) increases of 50% and decreases of 53% in targeted sedentary behaviors from baseline during the increase and decrease phases, respectively. There was a significant (P =.05) increase in energy balance per day (+350.7 kcal) when sedentary behaviors were increased, as the result of an increase in energy intake per day (+250.9 kcal) and a decrease in energy expenditure (-99.8 kcal). No significant changes in energy balance were observed when sedentary behaviors were decreased. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing sedentary behaviors had a greater influence on physical activity and energy intake than reducing sedentary behavior in nonobese youth. In some children, changes in sedentary behaviors may be important to modify energy balance and prevent obesity.
Assuntos
Ingestão de Alimentos , Exercício Físico , Estilo de Vida , Criança , Estudos Cross-Over , Ingestão de Energia , Metabolismo Energético , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Rememoração Mental , Obesidade/prevenção & controleRESUMO
La TA en pacientes pediátricos no ha sido estudiada adecuadamente en Venezuela. El presente trabajo se realizó para determinar las cifras tensionales según edad y sexo en escolares de las poblaciones rurales de El Cortijo y Los Bagres, Dtto. Sanitario No. 3, Ed. Aragua y correlacionario con peso, talla, y antecedentes familiares. La muestra fue de 184 niños (94 varones y 90 hembras), con edades entre 7 y 14 años. Se registró el primer, cuarto y quinto ruido de Korotkoff en posición acostado, sentado y de pie, con esfigmomanómetro de mercurio. No se observó diferencia significativa entre las medias aritméticas de varones y hembras. Se evidenció una correlación significativa (p<0,05) y positiva entre TA y peso en la mayoría de los casos. Las cifras de TA registrada en posición sentado fueron siempre las más bajas en ambos sexos (p<0,05). La prevalencia de lecturas elevadas en la primera medición fue de 13,6% (6,0% en varones y 7,6% en hembras, p>0,05); el 5,6% mantendrán cifras elevadas a las cuatro semanas