RESUMO
Ectoparasites are temporary or permanent skin dwellers. Megninia ginglymura (Mégnin) (Analgidae) causes economic damage in commercial poultry farms as a result of lower egg production or even death of the host. Little is known about Megninia ginglymura's life cycle and infestation. This study aimed to evaluate the preference of M. ginglymura for different body regions of the host Gallus gallus L. and its abundance and population dynamics in different laying hen houses. Samples were collected from August 2013 to August 2014 in three different commercial laying hen systems: automatic production systems (A1,2,3); semiautomatic systems (S1 (free of pesticides) and S2) and free-range system (FR). Ten laying hen were sampled each laying hen house and it were collected feathers were collected from different body regions form 10 hens in each laying house. A total of 28,305 specimens belonging to M. ginglymura were collected. Higher abundance was noted in S1 (9,234), S2 (9,121), and FR (5,873) and lower in A2 (2,211), A3 (1,628), and A1 (238). The dorsum (back of the body) region showed the highest abundance, mean abundance, and prevalence, representing 29.5% of the total specimens collected. The cloacal region was the second with 21.1% of the total of this ectoparasite. The abdomen and neck represented 20.8% and 19.6%, respectively. The inner wings presented the lowest abundance, mean abundance, and prevalence in all laying hen houses (9.0% of specimens). The prevalence was significantly different in automatic, semiautomatic, and free-range systems. The population peaks seems to coincide with periods of high temperatures and precipitation. Populations of this species already exhibit resistance to synthetic chemical pesticide.
Assuntos
Criação de Animais Domésticos/métodos , Galinhas , Infestações por Ácaros/veterinária , Ácaros/fisiologia , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/epidemiologia , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Plumas/parasitologia , Feminino , Interações Hospedeiro-Parasita , Masculino , Infestações por Ácaros/epidemiologia , Infestações por Ácaros/parasitologia , Dinâmica Populacional , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/parasitologia , PrevalênciaRESUMO
Many studies have revealed that water mite communities can be affected by the physical and chemical parameters of the water. The similarity between the water mite assemblages in local water bodies and in irrigated rice areas can be a way to measure the water conditions, enabling an assessment of the anthropic impact in the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of water mites in lakes and irrigated rice fields in south Brazil. To accomplish that we characterized the distinctive environments using physical and chemical variables such as pH, turbidity (NTU), water temperature (°C) and dissolved oxygen (mg/L), in order to verify the influence of these abiotic factors on the species composition of water mite communities; and to compare water mite abundance, richness and composition among different habitats. We assessed three native lakes and four sites with irrigated rice cultivation. Our results showed, for the first time in Brazil, strong correlations between the water mite fauna and turbidity. In addition, native lakes were richer and had greater mite abundance when compared with the irrigated rice areas.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Ácaros , Características Físico-Químicas da Água/análise , Dinâmica Populacional , Oryza , Irrigação Agrícola , Laguna Costeira , BrasilRESUMO
Many studies have revealed that water mite communities can be affected by the physical and chemical parameters of the water. The similarity between the water mite assemblages in local water bodies and in irrigated rice areas can be a way to measure the water conditions, enabling an assessment of the anthropic impact in the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of water mites in lakes and irrigated rice fields in south Brazil. To accomplish that we characterized the distinctive environments using physical and chemical variables such as pH, turbidity (NTU), water temperature (°C) and dissolved oxygen (mg/L), in order to verify the influence of these abiotic factors on the species composition of water mite communities; and to compare water mite abundance, richness and composition among different habitats. We assessed three native lakes and four sites with irrigated rice cultivation. Our results showed, for the first time in Brazil, strong correlations between the water mite fauna and turbidity. In addition, native lakes were richer and had greater mite abundance when compared with the irrigated rice areas.